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Fedor Solntsev
Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (russian: link=no, Фёдор Григо́рьевич Со́лнцев) ( – ) was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings. He was the main author of the fundamental work ', the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kyiv Pechersk Lavra in Kyiv, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir. Fedor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post- Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries. Biography Fedor Solntsev was born in a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count . His father, Grigory Ko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaroslavl Governorate
Yaroslavl Governorate (russian: Ярославская губерния, ''Yaroslavskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, located in European Russia in the Upper Volga Region. It existed from 1777 to 1929; its seat was in the city of Yaroslavl. Administrative division Yaroslavl Governorate consisted of the following uyezds (administrative centres in parentheses): * Danilovsky Uyezd ( Danilov) * Lyubimsky Uyezd (Lyubim) * Mologsky Uyezd (Mologa) * Myshkinsky Uyezd ( Myshkin) * Poshekhonsky Uyezd ( Poshekhonye) * Romanovo-Borisoglebsky Uyezd (Romanov-Borisoglebsk) * Rostovsky Uyezd (Rostov) * Rybinsky Uyezd (Rybinsk) * Uglichsky Uyezd (Uglich) * Yaroslavsky Uyezd (Yaroslavl Yaroslavl ( rus, Ярослáвль, p=jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Icons
The use and making of icons entered Ancient Rus' following its conversion to Orthodox Christianity in AD 988. As a general rule, these icons strictly followed models and formulas hallowed by Byzantine art, led from the capital in Constantinople. As time passed, the Russians widened the vocabulary of types and styles far beyond anything found elsewhere in the Orthodox world. The personal, innovative and creative traditions of Western European religious art were largely lacking in Russia before the 17th century, when Russian icon painting became strongly influenced by religious paintings and engravings from both Protestant and Catholic Europe. In the mid-17th-century changes in liturgy and practice instituted by Patriarch Nikon resulted in a split in the Russian Orthodox Church. The traditionalists, the persecuted "Old Ritualists" or "Old Believers", continued the traditional stylization of icons, while the State Church modified its practice. From that time icons began to be painted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John I Tzimiskes
John I Tzimiskes (; 925 – 10 January 976) was the senior Byzantine emperor from 969 to 976. An intuitive and successful general, he strengthened the Empire and expanded its borders during his short reign. Background John I Tzimiskes was born to a father belonging to the Kourkouas family of Armenian origin, and a mother belonging to the Phokas family of Greek-Armenian origin. Scholars have speculated that "''Tzimiskes''" was derived either from the Armenian ''Chmushkik'' (Չմշկիկ), meaning "red boot"," John I (Roman emperor)". ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. or from an Armenian word for "short stature", as explained by Leo the Deacon. A more favorable explanation is offered by the medieval Armenian historian Matthew of Edessa, who states that Tzimiskes was from the region of Khozan, from the area called Chmushkatzag. Khozan was located in the region of Paghnatun, in the Byzantine province of Fourth Armenia (Sophene).See Matthew of Edessa. ''The Chronicle of Matthew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sviatoslav I
; (943 – 26 March 972), also spelled Svyatoslav, was Grand Prince of Kiev famous for his persistent campaigns in the east and south, which precipitated the collapse of two great powers of Eastern Europe, Khazaria and the First Bulgarian Empire. He conquered numerous East Slavic tribes, defeated the Alans and attacked the Volga Bulgars, and at times was allied with the Pechenegs and Magyars (Hungarians). His decade-long reign over the Kievan Rus' was marked by rapid expansion into the Volga River valley, the Pontic steppe, and the Balkans. By the end of his short life, Sviatoslav carved out for himself the largest state in Europe, eventually moving his capital in 969 from Kiev (modern-day Ukraine) to Pereyaslavets (identified as the modern village of Nufăru, Romania) on the Danube. In contrast with his mother's conversion to Christianity, Sviatoslav remained a staunch pagan all of his life. Due to his abrupt death in an ambush, his conquests, for the most part, were not cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Render Unto Caesar
"Render unto Caesar" is the beginning of a phrase attributed to Jesus in the synoptic gospels, which reads in full, "Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's" (). This phrase has become a widely quoted summary of the relationship between Christianity, secular government, and society. The original message, coming in response to a question of whether it was lawful for Jews to pay taxes to Caesar, gives rise to multiple possible interpretations about the circumstances under which it is desirable for Christians to submit to earthly authority. Narrative All three synoptic gospels state that hostile questioners tried to trap Jesus into taking an explicit and dangerous stand on whether Jews should or should not pay taxes to the Roman authorities. The accounts in and say that the questioners were Pharisees and Herodians, while says only that they were "spies" sent by "teachers of the law and the chief priests". They anticipated that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yegor Solntsev
Yegor is a Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian given name. Alternative spellings include Egor, Egori, Yahor,Yehor (Ukrainian), Jegor (common variant in Slavic countries with a Latin alphabet) anThe name has Balto-Slavic origin that means "hunter", "spearman" and "warrior". It is related to the Germanic name Jäger, Scandinavian name Jæger and Finnish name Yrjö. Since the name Yegor is of pagan origin{{Citation needed, date=October 2022, the Eastern Orthodox Church baptizes people with this name under a pseudonym name Giorgos, which is seen as the Christianized version of the name. It is shared by the following people: *Egor Anisimov (born 1987), Russian politician *Egor Antropov (born 1992), Russian ice hockey player *Egor Averin (born 1989), Russian ice hockey player *Egor Babaev (born 1973), Russian-born Swedish physicist *Egor Baranov (born 1988), Russian film director *Egor Bazin (born 1995), Russian ice dancer *Egor Beroev (born 1977), Russian actor *Egor Degtyarev, Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stepan Shchukin
Stepan Semyonovich Shchukin (Russian: Степан Семёнович Щукин; 1754, Moscow - 10 October 1828, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian portrait and watercolor painter. Some sources give his year of birth as 1762. Biography He was the son of an army sergeant and was apparently abandoned by his family. His first art lessons were taken with Dmitry Levitzky at the Imperial Academy of Arts. In 1782, he was sent abroad for "self-improvement", changed his name from Semyonov to Shchukin. and spent some time at the Académie de Peinture et de Sculpture, where he studied with Alexandre Roslin and Joseph-Benoît Suvée. In 1786, he returned from Paris and, two years later, was appointed a teacher of portraiture at the Academy. He was promoted to Academician Candidate for his portrait of the Academy's Director Yury Felten then, the following year, was named a full Academician for his portrait of Tsar Paul I. In 1803, he was appointed a Counselor and, a few months thereafter, becam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexei Yegorovich Yegorov
Alexei Yegorovich Yegorov (Russian: Алексей Егорович Егоров; c.1776 - 22 September 1851, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian painter, draftsman and professor of history painting. Biography He was taken captive by Cossacks as a young child and later placed in the Moscow Orphanage. Little was ever learned of his origins although, based on some of his early memories, he was believed to be of Kalmyk descent. In 1782, he was enrolled at the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Ivan Akimov and Grigory Ugryumov. He graduated in 1797 and became an academician in 1803, following which he was sent to do field work in Rome and came under the influence of Vincenzo Camuccini, who praised the simplicity of his design and coloring.''Знаменитые россияне 18-19 веков. Биография и портреты'' (Famous Russians of the 18th and 19th Centuries. Biographies and Portraits) — Saint Petersburg, Лениздат, (1996), pg.764. Large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Academy Of Arts
The Russian Academy of Arts, informally known as the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts, was an art academy in Saint Petersburg, founded in 1757 by the founder of the Imperial Moscow University Ivan Shuvalov under the name ''Academy of the Three Noblest Arts''. Elizabeth of Russia renamed it the Imperial Academy of Arts and commissioned a new building, completed 25 years later in 1789 by the Neva River. The academy promoted the neoclassical style and technique, and sent its promising students to European capitals for further study. Training at the academy was virtually required for artists to make successful careers. Formally abolished in 1918 after the Russian Revolution, the academy was renamed several times. It established free tuition; students from across the country competed fiercely for its few places annually. In 1947 the national institution was moved to Moscow, and much of its art collection was moved to the Hermitage. The building in Leningrad was devoted to the Ily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Petersburg Imperial Troupe
Theatres for Russian tsars appeared as early as the 17th century, but only members of the Imperial family and their immediate circles could attend the performances. Empress Elizabeth of Russia issued a Decree dated 30 August 1756, to establish a public Imperial troupe. The decree united in one system several different theatre companies, already existing. The theatre was given a mansion on Vasilievsky island, which housed a troupe headed by Fyodor Volkov. Alexander Sumarokov was appointed the Director of the theatre. The troupe covered all theatrical arts: drama, ballet and opera. Every actor did what he could. In 1801, the Moscow Imperial troupe appeared. Private theatre companies in Moscow and St. Petersburg were banned until 1882. The Imperial troupe lasted until the Russian revolution of 1917. Theatres used by the St Petersburg Imperial troupe included: * Home of opera at the edge of Neva (Невская першпектива; 1742–49) * the Home of opera near the Summer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with the countship. Definition The word ''count'' came into English from the French ''comte'', itself from Latin ''comes''—in its accusative ''comitem''—meaning “companion”, and later “companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor”. The adjective form of the word is "comital". The British and Irish equivalent is an earl (whose wife is a "countess", for lack of an English term). In the late Roman Empire, the Latin title ''comes'' denoted the high rank of various courtiers and provincial officials, either military or administrative: before Anthemius became emperor in the West in 467, he was a military ''comes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serf
Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism, and similar systems. It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery, which developed during the Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century. Unlike slaves, serfs could not be bought, sold, or traded individually though they could, depending on the area, be sold together with land. The kholops in Russia, by contrast, could be traded like regular slaves, could be abused with no rights over their own bodies, could not leave the land they were bound to, and could marry only with their lord's permission. Serfs who occupied a plot of land were required to work for the lord of the manor who owned that land. In return, they were entitled to protection, justice, and the right to cultivate certain fields within the manor to maintain their own subsistence. Serfs were often r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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