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Fann Street
Fann Street is a street in the City of London. It runs west–east, from its junction with Aldersgate Street and Goswell Road in the west, to the junction with Golden Lane in the east. In its original form of Fann's Alley the street was almost certainly named after a former owner or builder in the seventeenth century, and a likely candidate is Stephen Fann, carpenter, whose 1613 will states that he had property in the Precinct of 'Goswelstrete'. Despite the claim made by the plaque placed by the Worshipful Company of Fan Makers on the Jewin Chapel in this street, the name has no connection with the making of fans. In 1802, Robert Thorne moved his type foundry to a former brewery in Fann Street, and renamed it the Fann Street Foundry. On his death in 1820, the business was bought by William Thorowgood. Thorowgood created the typeface Grotesque. In 1838, the typographer Robert Besley, the creator of Clarendon the first patented typeface in 1845, joined the Fann Street Foundry. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fann Street Foundry
The Fann Street Foundry was a type foundry (a company that designs or distributes typefaces) that was located on Fann Street, City of London. Establishment In 1794, Robert Thorne (typographer), Robert Thorne (1754-1820) acquired the type foundry of the late Thomas Cottrell based in Nevil's Court, and moved it to 11 Barbican, and then in 1802 to a former brewery in Fann Street, and renamed it the Fann Street Foundry. On his death in 1820, the business was bought by William Thorowgood with the help of money he had won in a lottery. Thorowgood was the first to use the term "Grotesque (typeface), Grotesque" to describe a Sans-Serif typeface and the first to design one in lower case with his ''Seven Line Grotesque''. Nineteenth-century heyday In 1838, the typographer Robert Besley was taken into partnership by William Thorowgood at the Fann Street Foundry. He created Clarendon (typeface), Clarendon in 1845, the first typeface to be registered under the Ornamental Designs Act of 1842, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YMCA
YMCA, sometimes regionally called the Y, is a worldwide youth organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, with more than 64 million beneficiaries in 120 countries. It was founded on 6 June 1844 by George Williams in London, originally as the Young Men's Christian Association, and aims to put Christian values into practice by developing a healthy "body, mind, and spirit". From its inception, it grew rapidly and ultimately became a worldwide movement founded on the principles of muscular Christianity. Local YMCAs deliver projects and services focused on youth development through a wide variety of youth activities, including providing athletic facilities, holding classes for a wide variety of skills, promoting Christianity, and humanitarian work. YMCA is a non-governmental federation, with each independent local YMCA affiliated with its national organization. The national organizations, in turn, are part of both an Area Alliance (Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East, Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A patent is not the grant of a right to make or use or sell. It does not, directly or indirectly, imply any such right. It grants only the right to exclude others. The supposition that a right to make is created by the patent grant is obviously inconsistent with the established distinctions between generic and specific patents, and with the well-known fact that a very considerable portion of the patents granted are in a field covered by a former relatively generic or basic patent, are tributary to such earlier patent, and cannot be practiced unless by license thereunder." – ''Herman v. Youngstown Car Mfg. Co.'', 191 F. 579, 584–85, 112 CCA 185 (6th Cir. 1911) In most countries, patent rights fall under private law and the patent holder mus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarendon (typeface)
Clarendon is the name of a slab-serif typeface that was released in 1845 by Thorowgood and Co. (or Thorowgood and Besley) of London, a letter foundry often known as the Fann Street Foundry. The original Clarendon design is credited to Robert Besley, a partner in the foundry, and was originally engraved by punchcutter Benjamin Fox, who may also have contributed to its design. Many copies, adaptations and revivals have been released, becoming almost an entire genre of type design. Clarendons have a bold, solid structure, similar in letter structure to the "modern" serif typefaces popular in the nineteenth century for body text (for instance showing an 'R' with a curled leg and ball terminals on the 'a' and 'c'), but bolder and with less contrast in stroke weight. Clarendon designs generally have a structure with bracketed serifs, which become larger as they reach the main stroke of the letter. Mitja Miklavčič describes the basic features of Clarendon designs (and ones labelled Io ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Besley
Robert Besley (1794–1876) was an English typographer, creator of Clarendon (typeface) in 1845 and the Lord Mayor of London in 1869. Career Besley was taken into partnership by William Thorowgood at the Fann Street Foundry in Fann Street, City of London in 1838, having been employed as a traveller there since 1826. He worked with Thorowgood until the latter's retirement in 1849. Thorowgood had been the first to use the term "Grotesque" to describe a Sans-Serif typeface and the first to design one in lower case with ''Seven Line Grotesque''. When Besley created Clarendon in October 1845 he had it registered under the recently passed Ornamental Designs Act of 1842., but the typeface became so popular that its rights were soon broken by people creating knock-offs, though Clarendon is still known as the first Registered typeface. Besley retired from the type-founding business in 1861Anthony Camp, ''On the city's edge: a history of Fann Street, London'' (2016) 24-31. and went on to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grotesque (typeface)
In typography and lettering, a sans-serif, sans serif, gothic, or simply sans letterform is one that does not have extending features called "serifs" at the end of strokes. Sans-serif typefaces tend to have less stroke width variation than serif typefaces. They are often used to convey simplicity and modernity or minimalism. Sans-serif typefaces have become the most prevalent for display of text on computer screens. On lower-resolution digital displays, fine details like serifs may disappear or appear too large. The term comes from the French word , meaning "without" and "serif" of uncertain origin, possibly from the Dutch word meaning "line" or pen-stroke. In printed media, they are more commonly used for display use and less for body text. Before the term "sans-serif" became common in English typography, a number of other terms had been used. One of these outmoded terms for sans-serif was gothic, which is still used in East Asian typography and sometimes seen in typeface na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Thorowgood
William Thorowgood (died 1877) was a British typographer and type founder. On the death of its founder Robert Thorne in 1820, Thorowgood bought the Fann Street Foundry. He was active in the development of Sans Serif In typography and lettering, a sans-serif, sans serif, gothic, or simply sans letterform is one that does not have extending features called "serifs" at the end of strokes. Sans-serif typefaces tend to have less stroke width variation than seri .... References 1877 deaths British typographers and type designers Year of birth unknown {{UK-printmaker-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Foundry
A type foundry is a company that designs or distributes typefaces. Before digital typography, type foundries manufactured and sold metal and wood typefaces for hand typesetting, and matrices for line-casting machines like the Linotype and Monotype, for letterpress printers. Today's digital type foundries accumulate and distribute typefaces (typically as digitized fonts) created by type designers, who may either be freelancers operating their own independent foundry, or employed by a foundry. Type foundries may also provide custom type design services. England In England, type foundries began in 1476, when William Caxton introduced the printing press, importing at least some of the type that he used in printing. Until William Caslon (1692–1766), however, English type generally had a poor reputation with the best type imported from Holland. Only after Caslon had established his Caslon foundry in Chiswell Street, did the City of London become a major centre for the industry, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fann Street, London
{{disambiguation ...
Fann, or FANN, may refer to: *Fast Artificial Neural Network *Fann Wong use both this parameter and , birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> , death_place = , death_cause = , body_discovered = , resting_place = , resting_place_coordinat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Thorne (typographer)
Robert Thorne (1754 – 11 March 1820) was a British type founder and typographer. An apprentice to Thomas Cottrell, who had been an employee of William Caslon, Thorne later acquired Cottrell's type foundry. He was successful in business and left a fortune of £25,000 on his death in 1820. Thorne is buried at Holloway Road Cemetery, where his tomb is extant. Career The beginning of Thorne's independent career is not certain; he was recorded as a typefounder in 1785, the year Cottrell died, but is only recorded as having purchased Cottrell's foundry in 1794. His first specimen appeared the same year. Thorne was based at first No. 6 and then No. 11 Barbican; in 1799 he was recorded as living at Church Street, Hackney. In 1802 he moved premises to a former brewery in Fann Street, Aldersgate, which became known as the Fann Street Foundry. He was recorded as a member of the London Society of Master Letter-Founders, a trade association and cartel, from 1809 onwards. In 1817-8 Thorne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worshipful Company Of Fan Makers
The Worshipful Company of Fan Makers is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. The company was incorporated by a Royal Charter in 1709. As fan making is now done by machines rather than by craftsmen, the company is no longer a trade association for fan makers. Instead, the Company functions as a charitable establishment. The Fan Makers' Company ranks seventy-sixth in the order of precedence An order of precedence is a sequential hierarchy of nominal importance and can be applied to individuals, groups, or organizations. Most often it is used in the context of people by many organizations and governments, for very formal and state o ... for Livery Companies. Its motto is ''Arts and Trade United''. Further reading * * References External links Official website Fanmakers Organizations established in 1709 1709 establishments in England Ventilation fans {{England-company-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
