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Europium(III) Fluoride
Europium(III) fluoride is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula EuF3. Production Europium(III) fluoride can produced by reacting europium(III) nitrate and ammonium fluoride: : Eu(NO3)3 + 3 NH4F → EuF3 + 3 NH4NO3 Europium(III) fluoride nanoparticles can be synthesized by microwave irradiation of europium(III) acetate in an ionic liquid that has tetrafluoroborate Tetrafluoroborate is the anion . This tetrahedral species is isoelectronic with tetrafluoroberyllate (), tetrafluoromethane (CF4), and tetrafluoroammonium () and is valence isoelectronic with many stable and important species including the perchl ... as the anion. References {{Lanthanide halides Europium(III) compounds Fluorides Lanthanide halides ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inorganic Compound
In chemistry, an inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks carbon–hydrogen bonds, that is, a compound that is not an organic compound. The study of inorganic compounds is a subfield of chemistry known as '' inorganic chemistry''. Inorganic compounds comprise most of the Earth's crust, although the compositions of the deep mantle remain active areas of investigation. Some simple carbon compounds are often considered inorganic. Examples include the allotropes of carbon (graphite, diamond, buckminsterfullerene, etc.), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbides, and the following salts of inorganic anions: carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, and thiocyanates. Many of these are normal parts of mostly organic systems, including organisms; describing a chemical as inorganic does not necessarily mean that it does not occur within living things. History Friedrich Wöhler's conversion of ammonium cyanate into urea in 1828 is often cited as the starting point of modern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europium(III) Nitrate
Europium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound with the formula . The hexahydrate is a common salt. It forms colorless hygroscopic crystals. Preparation The salt is usually obtained by dissolving europium(III) oxide (Eu2O3) in nitric acid produces europium(III) nitrate. : Eu2O3 + 6 HNO3 → 2 Eu(NO3)3 + 3 H2O Structure Like all trinitates of the lanthanides, dilute (<0.01 M) solutions of consists of the where x = 8 or 9. At higher concentrations, the binding of nitrate to Eu is observed. Complexes Europium(III) nitrate reacts with anions and other Lewis bases to form complexes. For example, with 1,3,5-,[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonium Fluoride
Ammonium fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4F. It crystallizes as small colourless prisms, having a sharp saline taste, and is highly soluble in water. Like all fluoride salts, it is moderately toxic in both acute and chronic overdose. Crystal structure Ammonium fluoride adopts the wurtzite crystal structure, in which both the ammonium cations and the fluoride anions are stacked in ABABAB... layers, each being tetrahedrally surrounded by four of the other. There are N−H···F hydrogen bonds between the anions and cations. This structure is very similar to ice, and ammonium fluoride is the only substance which can form mixed crystals with water. Reactions On passing hydrogen fluoride gas (in excess) through the salt, ammonium fluoride absorbs the gas to form the addition compound ammonium bifluoride. The reaction occurring is: :NH4F + HF → NH4HF2 It sublimes when heated—a property common among ammonium salts. In the sublimation, the salt decomposes to am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europium(III) Acetate
Europium(III) acetate is an inorganic salt of europium and acetic acid with the chemical formula of Eu(CH3COO)3. In this compound, europium exhibits the +3 oxidation state. It can exist in the anhydrous form, sesquihydrate and tetrahydrate. Its hydrate molecule is a Dimer (chemistry), dimer. Preparation Europium acetate can be obtained by stirring reaction of acetic acid and Europium(III) oxide, europium oxide under heating, and then diluting with water and crystallizing: : Eu2O3 + 6 CH3COOH → 2 Eu(CH3COO)3 + 3 H2O Europium can also directly participate in the reaction: : 2 Eu + 6 CH3COOH → 2 Eu(CH3COO)3 + 3 H2↑ Properties Physical properties The anhydrous europium acetate crystallizes monoclinically in the space group ''C2/c'' (space group no. 15) with the lattice parameters ''a'' = 1126.0(3), ''b'' = 2900.5(6), ''c'' = 799.1( 2) pm and ''β'' = 132.03(2)° with four formula units per unit cell. The sesquihydrate crystallizes monoclinically in the space group Cc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ionic Liquid
An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt in the liquid state. In some contexts, the term has been restricted to salts whose melting point is below a specific temperature, such as . While ordinary liquids such as water and gasoline are predominantly made of electrically neutral molecules, ionic liquids are largely made of ions. These substances are variously called liquid electrolytes, ionic melts, ionic fluids, fused salts, liquid salts, or ionic glasses. Ionic liquids have many potential applications. They are powerful solvents and can be used as electrolytes. Salts that are liquid at near-ambient temperature are important for electric battery applications, and have been considered as sealants due to their very low vapor pressure. Any salt that melts without decomposing or vaporizing usually yields an ionic liquid. Sodium chloride (NaCl), for example, melts at into a liquid that consists largely of sodium cations () and chloride anions (). Conversely, when an ionic liquid is cooled, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrafluoroborate
Tetrafluoroborate is the anion . This tetrahedral species is isoelectronic with tetrafluoroberyllate (), tetrafluoromethane (CF4), and tetrafluoroammonium () and is valence isoelectronic with many stable and important species including the perchlorate anion, , which is used in similar ways in the laboratory. It arises by the reaction of fluoride salts with the Lewis acid BF3, treatment of tetrafluoroboric acid with base, or by treatment of boric acid with hydrofluoric acid. As an anion in inorganic and organic chemistry The popularization of has led to decreased use of in the laboratory as a weakly coordinating anion. With organic compounds, especially amine derivatives, forms potentially explosive derivatives. Disadvantages to include its slight sensitivity to hydrolysis and decomposition via loss of a fluoride ligand, whereas does not suffer from these problems. Safety considerations, however, overshadow this inconvenience. With a formula weight of 86.8, BF is also conveni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europium(III) Compounds
Europium is a chemical element with the symbol Eu and atomic number 63. Europium is the most reactive lanthanide by far, having to be stored under an inert fluid to protect it from atmospheric oxygen or moisture. Europium is also the softest lanthanide, as it can be dented with a fingernail and easily cut with a knife. When oxidation is removed a shiny-white metal is visible. Europium was isolated in 1901 and is named after the continent of Europe. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3, but the oxidation state +2 is also common. All europium compounds with oxidation state +2 are slightly reducing. Europium has no significant biological role and is relatively non-toxic as compared to other heavy metals. Most applications of europium exploit the phosphorescence of europium compounds. Europium is one of the rarest of the rare-earth elements on Earth.Stwertka, Albert. ''A Guide to the Elements'', Oxford University Press, 1996, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluorides
Fluoride (). According to this source, is a possible pronunciation in British English. is an inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine, with the chemical formula (also written ), whose salts are typically white or colorless. Fluoride salts typically have distinctive bitter tastes, and are odorless. Its salts and minerals are important chemical reagents and industrial chemicals, mainly used in the production of hydrogen fluoride for fluorocarbons. Fluoride is classified as a weak base since it only partially associates in solution, but concentrated fluoride is corrosive and can attack the skin. Fluoride is the simplest fluorine anion. In terms of charge and size, the fluoride ion resembles the hydroxide ion. Fluoride ions occur on Earth in several minerals, particularly fluorite, but are present only in trace quantities in bodies of water in nature. Nomenclature Fluorides include compounds that contain ionic fluoride and those in which fluoride does not dissociate. The nomenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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