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Ernst Straus
Ernst Gabor Straus (February 25, 1922 – July 12, 1983) was a German-American mathematician of Jewish origin who helped found the theories of Euclidean Ramsey theory and of the arithmetic properties of analytic functions. His extensive list of co-authors includes Albert Einstein, Paul Erdős, Richard Bellman, Béla Bollobás, Sarvadaman Chowla, Ronald Graham, Lee Albert Rubel, Mathukumalli V Subbarao, László Lovász, Carl Pomerance, Moshe Goldberg, and George Szekeres. Biography Straus was born in Munich, February 25, 1922, the youngest of five children (Isa, Hana, Peter, Gabriella) of a prominent Zionist attorney, Elias (Eli) Straus, and his wife Rahel Straus, a medical doctor and feminist. Ernst Gabor Straus came to be known as a mathematical prodigy from a very young age. Following the death of his father, the family fled the Nazi regime for Palestine in 1933, and Straus was educated at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Although he never received an undergraduate degr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by population, third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and thus the largest which does not constitute its own state, as well as the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 11th-largest city in the European Union. The Munich Metropolitan Region, city's metropolitan region is home to 6 million people. Straddling the banks of the River Isar (a tributary of the Danube) north of the Northern Limestone Alps, Bavarian Alps, Munich is the seat of the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk, administrative region of Upper Bavaria, while being the population density, most densely populated municipality in Germany (4,500 people per km2). Munich is the second-largest city in the Bavarian dialects, Bavarian dialect area, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramsey Theory
Ramsey theory, named after the British mathematician and philosopher Frank P. Ramsey, is a branch of mathematics that focuses on the appearance of order in a substructure given a structure of a known size. Problems in Ramsey theory typically ask a question of the form: "how big must some structure be to guarantee that a particular property holds?" More specifically, Ron Graham described Ramsey theory as a "branch of combinatorics". Examples A typical result in Ramsey theory starts with some mathematical structure that is then cut into pieces. How big must the original structure be in order to ensure that at least one of the pieces has a given interesting property? This idea can be defined as partition regularity. For example, consider a complete graph of order ''n''; that is, there are ''n'' vertices and each vertex is connected to every other vertex by an edge. A complete graph of order 3 is called a triangle. Now colour each edge either red or blue. How large must ''n'' be in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zionism
Zionism ( he, צִיּוֹנוּת ''Tsiyyonut'' after ''Zion'') is a Nationalism, nationalist movement that espouses the establishment of, and support for a homeland for the Jewish people centered in the area roughly corresponding to what is known in Jewish tradition as the Land of Israel, which corresponds in other terms to the Palestine (region), region of Palestine, Canaan, or the Holy Land, on the basis of a long Jewish connection and attachment to that land. Modern Zionism emerged in the late 19th century in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe as a national revival movement, both in reaction to newer waves of antisemitism and as a response to Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment. Soon after this, most leaders of the movement associated the main goal with creating the desired homeland in Palestine, then an area controlled by the Ottoman Empire. From 1897 to 1948, the primary goal of the Zionist Movement was to establish the basis for a Jewish homeland in Palestine, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Szekeres
George Szekeres AM FAA (; 29 May 1911 – 28 August 2005) was a Hungarian–Australian mathematician. Early years Szekeres was born in Budapest, Hungary, as Szekeres György and received his degree in chemistry at the Technical University of Budapest. He worked six years in Budapest as an analytical chemist. He married Esther Klein in 1937.Obituary The Sydney Morning Herald Being , the family had to escape from the persecution so Szekeres took a job in Shanghai, China. There they lived through World War II, the Japanese occupation and the beginn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Goldberg
Moshe Goldberg ( he, משה גולדברג) (born 1945) is an Israeli mathematician. He is a professor emeritus of mathematics at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. Early life Moshe Goldberg was born and raised in Tel Aviv. His parents, Gad and Rachel Raya Goldberg, immigrated from Poland and Lithuania to Palestine shortly after Hitler became Germany's chancellor in 1933. After completing his undergraduate studies, Goldberg served in the Israel Defense Forces for three years. Released at the rank of captain, he resumed his studies, earning his Ph.D. from Tel Aviv University in 1973 under the supervision of Saul Abarbanel. Academic career After a postdoctoral position at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Goldberg joined the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in 1979, and in due course became the Ruth and Samuel Jaffe Professor of Mathematics. Goldberg began his scientific career in computational fluid dynamics. He then turned to other topi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Pomerance
Carl Bernard Pomerance (born 1944 in Joplin, Missouri) is an American number theorist. He attended college at Brown University and later received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1972 with a dissertation proving that any odd perfect number has at least seven distinct prime factors. He joined the faculty at the University of Georgia, becoming full professor in 1982. He subsequently worked at Lucent Technologies for a number of years, and then became a distinguished Professor at Dartmouth College. Contributions He has over 120 publications, including co-authorship with Richard Crandall of ''Prime numbers: a computational perspective'' (Springer-Verlag, first edition 2001, second edition 2005), and with Paul Erdős. He is the inventor of one of the integer factorization methods, the quadratic sieve algorithm, which was used in 1994 for the factorization of RSA-129. He is also one of the discoverers of the Adleman–Pomerance–Rumely primality test. Awards and honors He has won ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
László Lovász
László Lovász (; born March 9, 1948) is a Hungarian mathematician and professor emeritus at Eötvös Loránd University, best known for his work in combinatorics, for which he was awarded the 2021 Abel Prize jointly with Avi Wigderson. He was the president of the International Mathematical Union from 2007 to 2010 and the president of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences from 2014 to 2020. In graph theory, Lovász's notable contributions include the proofs of Kneser's conjecture and the Lovász local lemma, as well as the formulation of the Erdős–Faber–Lovász conjecture. He is also one of the eponymous authors of the LLL lattice reduction algorithm. Early life and education Lovász was born on March 9, 1948, in Budapest, Hungary. Lovász attended the Fazekas Mihály Gimnázium in Budapest. He won three gold medals (1964–1966) and one silver medal (1963) at the International Mathematical Olympiad. He also participated in a Hungarian game show about math prodigies. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathukumalli V
Mathukumalli is a village in Savalyapuram mandal of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ..., India. Villages in Guntur district {{Guntur-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lee Albert Rubel
Lee Albert Rubel ( – ) was a mathematician known for his contributions to analog computing. Career Originally from New York, he held a Doctorate of Mathematics degree from University of Wisconsin-Madison, and was professor of Mathematics at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign since 1954. He wrote for several scientific publications like the ''Complex Variables and Elliptic Equations International Journal'', the ''Constructive Approximation'' mathematical journal, the ''American Mathematical Monthly'', the ''Journal of Differential Equations'', the ''Journal of Approximation Theory'', the ''Journal of Symbolic Logic'', the '' Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society''. He also collaborated to the ''Functional Analysis'' periodical, the '' Tohoku Mathematical'', the ''Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society'', the ''Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics'', ''Combinatorica'', ''Israel Journal of Mathematics'', and ''Journal of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ronald Graham
Ronald Lewis Graham (October 31, 1935July 6, 2020) was an American mathematician credited by the American Mathematical Society as "one of the principal architects of the rapid development worldwide of discrete mathematics in recent years". He was president of both the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematical Association of America, and his honors included the Leroy P. Steele Prize for lifetime achievement and election to the National Academy of Sciences. After graduate study at the University of California, Berkeley, Graham worked for many years at Bell Labs and later at the University of California, San Diego. He did important work in scheduling theory, computational geometry, Ramsey theory, and quasi-randomness, and many topics in mathematics are named after him. He published six books and about 400 papers, and had nearly 200 co-authors, including many collaborative works with his wife Fan Chung and with Paul Erdős. Graham has been featured in ''Ripley's Believe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarvadaman Chowla
Sarvadaman D. S. Chowla (22 October 1907 – 10 December 1995) was an Indian American mathematician, specializing in number theory. Early life He was born in London, since his father, Gopal Chowla, a professor of mathematics in Lahore, was then studying in Cambridge. His family returned to India, where he received his master's degree in 1928 from the Government College in Lahore. In 1931 he received his doctorate from the University of Cambridge, where he studied under J. E. Littlewood. Career and awards Chowla then returned to India, where he taught at several universities, becoming head of mathematics at Government College, Lahore in 1936. During the difficulties arising from the partition of India in 1947, he left for the United States. There he visited the Institute for Advanced Study until the fall of 1949, then taught at the University of Kansas in Lawrence until moving to the University of Colorado in 1952. He moved to Penn State in 1963 as a research professor, wher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béla Bollobás
Béla Bollobás FRS (born 3 August 1943) is a Hungarian-born British mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics, including functional analysis, combinatorics, graph theory, and percolation. He was strongly influenced by Paul Erdős since the age of 14. Early life and education As a student, he took part in the first three International Mathematical Olympiads, winning two gold medals. Paul Erdős invited Bollobás to lunch after hearing about his victories, and they kept in touch afterward. Bollobás' first publication was a joint publication with ErdősBollobás, Béla; Erdös, Paul , Über graphentheoretische Extremalprobleme. (Extremal problems in graph theory.) , Mat. Lapok 13, 143-152 (1962) on extremal problems in graph theory, written when he was in high school in 1962. With Erdős's recommendation to Harold Davenport and a long struggle for permission from the Hungarian authorities, Bollobás was able to spend an undergraduate year in Cambridge, England ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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