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English Expedition To France (1562-1563)
The English expedition to France 1562-1563 was an episode in the French Wars of Religion#The "first" war (1562–1563), First French War of Religion (1562-1563); it resulted in English defeat and Kingdom of England, England relinquishing its claims to Calais and the surrounding area. Background On 8 May 1562, Protestantism, Protestant reformers took the city of Le Havre, looted churches, and expelled Catholics.''Modern Period (1492–1610)'' Municipal Archives of Le Havre, consulted on 22 July 2012 Fearing a counter-attack by the royal armies, they turned to the English who sent their troops. Elizabeth I saw an opportunity in the current state of chaos in France to reclaim the Pale of Calais, which had only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Wars Of Religion
The French Wars of Religion is the term which is used in reference to a period of civil war between French Catholic Church, Catholics and Protestantism, Protestants, commonly called Huguenots, which lasted from 1562 to 1598. According to estimates, between two and four million people died from violence, famine or diseases which were directly caused by the conflict; additionally, the conflict severely damaged the power of the French monarchy. The fighting ended in 1598 when Henry of Navarre, who had converted to Catholicism in 1593, was proclaimed Henry IV of France and issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted substantial rights and freedoms to the Huguenots. However, the Catholics continued to have a hostile opinion of Protestants in general and they also continued to have a hostile opinion of him as a person, and his assassination in 1610 triggered a fresh round of Huguenot rebellions in the 1620s. Tensions between the two religions had been building since the 1530s, exacerba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of England
The Kingdom of England (, ) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 12 July 927, when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. On 12 July 927, the various Anglo-Saxon kings swore their allegiance to Æthelstan of Wessex (), unifying most of modern England under a single king. In 1016, the kingdom became part of the North Sea Empire of Cnut the Great, a personal union between England, Denmark and Norway. The Norman conquest of England in 1066 led to the transfer of the English capital city and chief royal residence from the Anglo-Saxon one at Winchester to Westminster, and the City of London quickly established itself as England's largest and principal commercial centre. Histories of the kingdom of England from the Norman conquest of 1066 conventionally distinguish periods named after successive ruling dynasties: Norman (1066–1154), Plantagenet (1154–1485), Tudor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1563 In England
Events from the 1560s in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Elizabeth I * Parliament – 2nd of Queen Elizabeth I (starting 11 January 1563, until 2 January 1567) Events * 1560 ** 27 February – Treaty of Berwick: Terms agreed with the Lords of the Congregation in the Kingdom of Scotland for English forces to enter Scotland to expel French troops defending the Regency of Mary of Guise. ** 6 July – Treaty of Edinburgh between England, France and Scotland, ending the Siege of Leith. The French withdraw from Scotland, largely ending the '' Auld Alliance'' between the two countries, and recognise Elizabeth I of England. ** Solihull School founded. * 1561 ** 1 March – Kingston Grammar School is chartered. ** 4 June – the spire of Old St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London catches fire and crashes through the nave roof, probably as the result of a lightning strike. The spire is not rebuilt. ** 25 June – astrologer Francis Coxe is pilloried at Cheapside in Lond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1562 In England
Events from the 1560s in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Elizabeth I * Parliament – 2nd of Queen Elizabeth I (starting 11 January 1563, until 2 January 1567) Events * 1560 ** 27 February – Treaty of Berwick: Terms agreed with the Lords of the Congregation in the Kingdom of Scotland for English forces to enter Scotland to expel French troops defending the Regency of Mary of Guise. ** 6 July – Treaty of Edinburgh between England, France and Scotland, ending the Siege of Leith. The French withdraw from Scotland, largely ending the ''Auld Alliance'' between the two countries, and recognise Elizabeth I of England. ** Solihull School founded. * 1561 ** 1 March – Kingston Grammar School is chartered. ** 4 June – the spire of Old St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London catches fire and crashes through the nave roof, probably as the result of a lightning strike. The spire is not rebuilt. ** 25 June – astrologer Francis Coxe is pilloried at Cheapside in London, and makes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1563 In France
Events from the year 1563 in France Incumbents * Monarch – Charles IX Events *February 18 – Francis, Duke of Guise, is assassinated while besieging Orléans *March 19 – Edict of Amboise is signed at the Château d'Amboise by Catherine de' Medici, acting as regent for her son Charles IX of France, having been negotiated between the Huguenot Louis, Prince of Condé, and Anne, duc de Montmorency, Constable of France, according some toleration to Huguenots, especially to aristocrats; this officially ends the first phase of the French Wars of Religion, and the combined Huguenot and royal armies then march north to besiege the English in Le Havre *July 28 – The English surrender Le Havre to the French after a siege Births *September 21 – Henri, Duke of Joyeuse, general (died 1608) *November 8 – Henry II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1624) Full date missing * Louise Bourgeois Boursier, royal midwife (died 1636) *Pierre Matthieu, poet, dramat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1562 In France
Events from the year 1562 in France Incumbents * Monarch – Charles IX Events *January – Edict of Saint-Germain *1 March – Massacre of Vassy *22 September – Treaty of Hampton Court *28 September to 26 October – Siege of Rouen *19 December – Battle of Dreux Births *19 August – Charles II de Bourbon-Vendôme, Cardinal (died 1594) *10 December – Roger de Saint-Lary de Termes, duke (died 1646) Full date missing *Charles de Gontaut, duc de Biron, soldier (died 1602) Deaths *13 October – Claudin de Sermisy, composer (born c.1490) *31 October – Augustin Marlorat. Protestant reformer (born 1506) *19 December – Jacques Dalbon, Seigneur de Saint Andre, soldier (born c.1505) Full date missing *Omer Talon Painting is of Omer Talon Lawyer 1595 - 1652 not Omer Talon Humanist 1510 - 1562. Omer Talon (Audomarus Talaeus) (c. 1510–1562) was a French humanist, a close ally of Petrus Ramus. Biographical details are few; a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholicism
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization.O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The bishopric of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small enclave of the Italian city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis, Prince Of Condé (1530–1569)
Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (7 May 1530 – 13 March 1569) was a prominent Huguenot leader and general, the founder of the House of Condé, Condé branch of the House of Bourbon. Coming from a position of relative political unimportance during the reign of Henri II, Condé's support for the Huguenots, and leading role in the conspiracy of Amboise and its aftermath pushed him to the centre of French politics. Arrested in the reign of Francis II then released on his premature death, he would lead the Huguenot forces in the first three civil wars in the French Wars of Religion before his execution after his defeat at the Battle of Jarnac in 1569. Early life Born in Vendôme, he was the fifth son of Charles de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme. His mother was Françoise d'Alençon, the eldest daughter of René, Duke of Alençon, and Margaret of Lorraine. His older brother Antoine de Bourbon married Jeanne d'Albret (Queen of Navarre). Their son, Condé's nephew, became Henry IV of F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Hampton Court (1562)
The Treaty of Hampton Court (also known as the Treaty of Richmond) was signed on 22 September 1562 between Queen Elizabeth and Huguenot leader Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé. The treaty was concluded by François de Beauvais, Seigneur de Briquemault. Based on the terms of the accord, 3000 English troops were summoned to occupy Le Havre and Dieppe. Moreover, Queen Elizabeth promised to provide economic aid to the Huguenots. Once peace was restored in France, Elizabeth refused to withdraw her troops, stating that she had taken Le Havre not for religious reasons but to indemnify her for the loss of Calais, which was rightfully hers. The regent of France, Catherine de' Medici sent both Catholic and Huguenot troops against Le Havre, which surrendered on 28 July 1563. Feeling betrayed by the Huguenots, Elizabeth never trusted them again.Knecht, p. 93.Doran, pp. 21-23. This is evident when in 1572, Catherine de Medici ordered the killing of the Protestant Coligny. This resulted in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-French War (1557–1559)
The Anglo-French War of 1557-1559 was part of the Italian War of 1551–1559. Following the French defeat at the Battle of St. Quentin (1557) England entered the war. The French laid Siege to Siege of Calais (1558), Calais in response. Following failure in mid-1557, a renewed attack captured the outlying forts of Nieullay and Fort Risban, Rysbank and Calais was besieged. Events On 1 January 1558, the French vanguard invested Sangatte and Fréthun Nielles, and the Army Corps reduced Fort Risban the next day. On 3 January, the artillery moved into Fort Nieulay at Fort Risban, Rysbank. Thomas Wentworth, 2nd Baron Wentworth, Thomas, Lord Wentworth, completely overwhelmed by a lightning attack, handed the keys of the city to the French on 7 January. The booty taken by the French was more than they had hoped for: food for three months and nearly 300 guns. The English defences of Guînes and Hames-Boucres, Hames soon also fell. Henry II of France arrived at Calais on 23 January 15 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its Metropolitan France, metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin (island), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to be growing errors, abuses, and discrepancies within it. Protestantism emphasizes the Christian believer's justification by God in faith alone (') rather than by a combination of faith with good works as in Catholicism; the teaching that salvation comes by divine grace or "unmerited favor" only ('); the priesthood of all faithful believers in the Church; and the ''sola scriptura'' ("scripture alone") that posits the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. Most Protestants, with the exception of Anglo-Papalism, reject the Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy, but disagree among themselves regarding the number of sacraments, the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist, and matters of ecclesiast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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