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Enbun
, also transcribed Embun, was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after ''Bunna'' and before ''Kōan''. This period spanned the years from March 1356 through March 1361; The emperor in Kyoto was . Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was Nanboku-chō overview During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001) ''Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology'', p. 199 n57 citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). ''History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan.'' p. 140-147. Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bunna
, also romanized as Bunwa, was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after ''Kannō'' and before ''Enbun.'' This period spanned the years from September 1352Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Bunwa''" i ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 93 n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File through March 1356. The emperor in Kyoto was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 302-303; Nussbaum, p. 175. Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was . Nanboku-chō overview During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001) ''Reconfiguring modernit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kōan (Muromachi Period)
was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after ''Enbun'' and before ''Jōji''. This period spanned the years from March 1361 through September 1362. The emperor in Kyoto was . Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was Nanboku-chō overview During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001) ''Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology'', p. 199 n57 citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). ''History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan.'' p. 140-147. Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashikaga Takauji
was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate."Ashikaga Takauji" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 625. His rule began in 1338, beginning the Muromachi period of Japan, and ended with his death in 1358. He was a male-line descendant of the samurai of the (Minamoto) Seiwa Genji line (meaning they were descendants of Emperor Seiwa) who had settled in the Ashikaga area of Shimotsuke Province, in present-day Tochigi Prefecture. According to Zen master and intellectual Musō Soseki, who enjoyed his favor and collaborated with him, Takauji had three qualities. First, he kept his cool in battle and was not afraid of death.Matsuo (1997:105) Second, he was merciful and tolerant. Third, he was very generous with those below him. Life His childhood name was Matagorō (又太郎). Takauji was a general of the Kamakura shogunate sent to Kyoto in 1333 to put down the Genkō War which had started i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashikaga Yoshiakira
was the second ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1358 to 1367 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshiakira was the son of the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Muromachi shogunate, Ashikaga Takauji. His mother was Akahashi Tōshi, also known as Hōjō Nariko. His childhood name was Senjuō (). He spent his childhood in Kamakura as a hostage of the Hōjō clan. His father Takauji joined forces with the banished Emperor Go-Daigo. Go-Daigo revolted against the Kamakura shogunate in the Kenmu Restoration. Yoshiakira assisted Nitta Yoshisada (1301–1338) in his attack on the Kamakura shogunate. In 1349, an internal disturbance of the government caused Yoshiakira to be called back to Kyoto, where he found himself named as Takauji's heir. On 5 April 1352, Loyalist forces led by Kitabatake Akiyoshi, Kusunoki Masanori and Chigusa Akitsune occupied Kyoto for 20 days before Yoshiakira was able to retake the city. Loyalist forces led by Masanori and Yaman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Kōgon
was the 4th of the Emperors of Northern Court during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1352 through 1371.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 302–309. This Nanboku-chō "sovereign" was named after his father Emperor Kōgon and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he may be called the "Later Emperor Kōgon", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Kōgon, the second", or as "Emperor Kōgon II." Genealogy His personal name was Iyahito (彌仁). He was the second son of the Northern Pretender Emperor Kōgon, and brother of his predecessor, Emperor Sukō. His mother was Hideko (秀子), Sanjō Kinhide's daughter *Lady-in-waiting: Hirohashi (Fujiwara) Nakako (廣橋（藤原）仲子; 1336/9-1427) later Sukenmon’in (崇賢門院), Hirohashi Kanetsuna's daughter **Second son: Imperial Prince Ohito (緒仁親王) later Emperor Go-En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Name
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Murakami
(1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts. He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 1368 (''Shōhei 23, 11th day of the 3rd month''). His personal name was . He reigned from Sumiyoshi, Ōsaka, Yoshino, Nara, and other temporary locations. This 14th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-century Emperor Murakami and ''go-'' (後), translates as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Murakami". The Japanese word ''go'' has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Murakami, the second", or as "Murakami II". Events of Go-Murakami's life "Prince Norinaga" was Go-Daigo's son from his "favorite consort of his later years". This was Lady Renshi. He lived during the turbulent years of conflict between rival claimants to the Chrysanthem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōhei
was a Japanese era (年號, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōkoku and before Kentoku. This period spanned the years from December 1346 to July 1370. The Southern Court emperors in Yoshino were and . The emperors in Kyoto were , and in the north. Nanboku-chō overview During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001) ''Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology'', p. 199 n57 citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). ''History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan.'' pp. 140-147. Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koga Family
The is a Japanese aristocratic family, a branch of the Minamoto clan that traces its descent from Emperor Murakami. The Koga lineage was classified as '' kuge'' prior to the Meiji Restoration, then as a ''kazoku'' lineage. Name The name Koga is composed of the kanji meaning 'long time' (久) and 'I/self' (我). 'Koga' is the on'yomi (Sino-Japanese reading) of the kanji. But actually 久我 is the ateji (当て字; phonetic-equivalent cv characters) for 陸 (koga; an obsolete word for ''land''). The name is recorded as having originated with the grandfather of the family's founder, Chancellor of the Realm Minamoto no Morofusa ( :ja:源師房), who owned a manor in the south-western suburbs of Kyoto at Koga (modern Fushimi-ku). As a result, he was referred to as the Koga-Chancellor. After the family's apparent founding, however, neither Minamoto no Masazane's ( :ja:源雅実) son nor his great-grandson were referred to by the name Koga. Strictly speaking, therefore, the 'Kog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minamoto No Michisuke
was one of the surnames bestowed by the Emperors of Japan upon members of the imperial family who were excluded from the line of succession and demoted into the ranks of the nobility from 1192 to 1333. The practice was most prevalent during the Heian period (794–1185 AD), although its last occurrence was during the Sengoku period. The Taira were another such offshoot of the imperial dynasty, making both clans distant relatives. The Minamoto clan is also called the , or less frequently, the , using the on'yomi reading for Minamoto. The Minamoto were one of four great clans that dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period—the other three were the Fujiwara, the Taira, and the Tachibana. History The first emperor to grant the surname Minamoto was Minamoto no Makoto, seventh son of Emperor Saga. The most prominent of the several Minamoto families, the Seiwa Genji, descended from Minamoto no Tsunemoto (897–961), a grandson of Emperor Seiwa. Tsunemoto went to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dainagon
was a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century. This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.Nussbaum, "Dainagon" in . The post was created in 702 by the Taihō Code, and evolved out of the earlier post ''Oimonomōsu-tsukasa''. Holders of the office were of the Senior Third Rank. They assisted the Minister of the Left (the '' Sadaijin'') and the Minister of the Right (the ''Udaijin''). By the mid-17th century, the ''Dainagon'' counselor or state, was expected to work closely the '' Minister of the Center'' (the ''Naidaijin''), whose position ranked just below the ''Udaijin'' and the ''Sadaijin.'' This court position evolved to ensure that someone will be always prepared to replace or assist the main court officials if, for any reason, it should be impossible for one of the two senior counselors to devote himself to his duties and responsibiliti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naidaijin
The , literally meaning "Inner Minister", was an ancient office in the Japanese imperial court, Japanese Imperial Court. Its role, rank and authority varied throughout the pre-Meiji period, Meiji period of Japanese history, but in general remained as a significant post under the Taihō Code.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 425. History Pre-Meiji period The office of ''Naidaijin'' predated the Taihō Code of 701. Fujiwara no Kamatari was the first person appointed to the post in 669. After the appointment of Fujiwara no Michitaka in 989, the office became permanently established, ranking just below that of ''Udaijin'' ("Right Minister") and ''Sadaijin'' ("Left Minister"). Meiji period and after The office developed a different character in the Meiji period. In 1885, the title was reconfigured to mean the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan in the Court (royal), Imperial Court. In that year, the office of prime minister or chief minister of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
