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Empress Wang (Jing)
Empress Wang (王皇后, personal name unknown) was an empress of the Chinese Liang Dynasty. Her husband was Emperor Jing (Xiao Fangzhi). It is not known when she was born. Her father Wang Qian (王僉) came from a long line of officials of Southern Dynasties, and he served as a mid-level official under Xiao Yi the Prince of Xiangdong, the de facto leader of Liang following the fall of the capital Jiankang to the rebel general Hou Jing in 549. In 552, after Xiao Yi took the throne as Emperor Yuan after defeating Hou, he created his sons princes, and he took Wang Qian's daughter as the wife for his son Xiao Fangzhi, whom he created the Prince of Jin'an. She therefore carried the title the Princess of Jin'an. Emperor Yuan was captured and killed by Western Wei forces in 554, and in 555, the general Chen Baxian declared Xiao Fangzhi emperor. Emperor Jing created Princess Wang empress. In 557, Chen, who controlled actual power, forced Emperor Jing to yield the throne to him, establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress
An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother (empress dowager), or a woman who rules in her own right and name (empress regnant). Emperors are generally recognized to be of the highest monarchic honour, honor and royal and noble ranks, rank, surpassing kings. In Europe, the title of Emperor has been used since the Middle Ages, considered in those times equal or almost equal in dignity to that of Pope due to the latter's position as visible head of the Church and spiritual leader of the Catholic part of Western Europe. The Emperor of Japan is the only currently List of current sovereign monarchs, reigning monarch whose title is translated into English as "Emperor". Both emperors and kings are monarchs or sovereigns, but both emperor and empress are considered the higher monarch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zizhi Tongjian
''Zizhi Tongjian'' () is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084 AD during the Northern Song dynasty in the form of a chronicle recording Chinese history from 403 BC to 959 AD, covering 16 dynasties and spanning almost 1400 years. The main text is arranged into 294 scrolls (''juan'' , equivalent to a chapter) totaling about 3 million Chinese characters. In 1065 AD, Emperor Yingzong of Song commissioned his official Sima Guang (1019–1086 AD) to lead a project to compile a universal history of China, and granted him funding and the authority to appoint his own staff. His team took 19 years to complete the work and in 1084 AD it was presented to Emperor Yingzong's successor Emperor Shenzong of Song. It was well-received and has proved to be immensely influential among both scholars and the general public. Endymion Wilkinson regards it as reference quality: "It had an enormous influence on later Chinese historical wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval Women
Women in the Middle Ages in Europe occupied a number of different social roles. Women held the positions of wife, mother, peasant, artisan, and nun, as well as some important leadership roles, such as abbess or queen regnant. The very concept of women changed in a number of ways during the Middle Ages, and several forces influenced women's roles during this period, while also expanding upon their traditional roles in society and the economy. Whether or not they were powerful or stayed back to take care of their homes, they still played an important role in society whether they were saints, nobles, peasants, or nuns. Due to context from recent years leading to the reconceptualization of women during this time period, many of their roles were overshadowed by the work of men. Although it is prevalent that women participated in church and helping at home, they did much more to influence the Middle Ages. Early Middle Ages (476–1000) In the early Middle Ages, women's lives varied gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Zhang Yao'er
Zhang Yao'er (章要兒) (506–570), formally Empress Xuan (literally "the responsible empress"), was an empress of the Chinese Chen Dynasty. Her husband was the founding emperor Emperor Wu (Chen Baxian). Zhang Yao'er was from Wuxing Commandery (吳興, roughly modern Huzhou, Zhejiang). Her father Zhang Jingming (章景明) was originally surnamed Niu (鈕), but was adopted by a family named Zhang, and therefore had his name changed. Her mother was named Su (蘇), but her mother's surname is not known to history. Zhang Yao'er was not Chen Baxian's first wife, as Chen had initially married a daughter of Qian Zhongfang (錢仲方), who, like Chen and Zhang, was from Wuxing Commandery, but Lady Qian died early, so he married Zhang after Lady Qian's death. Zhang Yao'er was described as being well-versed in mathematics, poetry, and the ''Chu Ci''. She bore Chen at least one son, Chen Chang, but it is not known whether any other of his at least five other sons (none of whom survived to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Of China
''Huangdi'' (), translated into English as Emperor, was the superlative title held by monarchs of China who ruled various imperial regimes in Chinese history. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was considered the Son of Heaven and the autocrat of all under Heaven. Under the Han dynasty, Confucianism replaced Legalism as the official political theory and succession in most cases theoretically followed agnatic primogeniture. The lineage of emperors descended from a paternal family line constituted a dynasty. The absolute authority of the emperor came with a variety of governing duties and moral obligations; failure to uphold these was thought to remove the dynasty's Mandate of Heaven and to justify its overthrow. In practice, emperors sometimes avoided the strict rules of succession and dynasties' ostensible "failures" were detailed in official histories written by their successful replacements. The power of the emperor was also limited by the imperial burea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Wang (Xiao Cha)
Empress Wang (; personal name unknown) (died 563), formally Empress Jing (, literally "the meek empress"), was an empress consort of the Chinese Western Liang dynasty. Her husband Xiao Cha (Emperor Xuan) founded the Western Liang with the support of the Western Wei dynasty. It is not known when she married Xiao Cha, but it is known that she was his wife, not his concubine, and that while he carried the title Prince of Yueyang, she was the Princess of Yueyang. It is not known whether she was the mother of any of Xiao Cha's five known sons, although she was not the mother of his eventual heir Xiao Kui (Emperor Ming), whose mother was Xiao Cha's concubine Consort Cao. In 549, when the Liang dynasty was in a state of disarray after the capital Jiankang had fallen to the rebel general Hou Jing, Xiao Cha, then with his headquarters at Xiangyang (襄陽, in modern Xiangfan, Hubei), feared an attack from his uncle Xiao Yi (the future Emperor Yuan) the Prince of Xiangdong, and therefor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Consorts
The following is a list of consorts of rulers of China. China has periodically been divided into kingdoms as well as united under empires, resulting in consorts titled both queen and empress. The title empress could also be given posthumously. Note that this is a list of the main consorts of each monarch and holders of the title empress or queen. Empress Consorts The title of Empress consort (, ''húanghòu'') could also be given posthumously. The posthumous Empresses are listed separately by the year they were given the title. Zhou dynasty Western Han dynasty Xin dynasty Eastern Han dynasty * AD 26–41: Guo Shengtong * 41–57: Empress Yin Lihua * 60–75: Empress Ma * 78–88: Empress Dou * 96–102: Empress Yin * 102–106: Empress Deng Sui * 108–125: Empress Yan Ji * 132–144: Empress Liang Na * 147–159: Empress Liang Nüying * 159–165: Empress Deng Mengnü * 165–168: Empress Dou Miao * 171–178: Empress Song * 180–189: Empress He * 195–214 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Of Liang Dynasty
The Liang dynasty (), alternatively known as the Southern Liang () in historiography, was an imperial dynasty of China and the third of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. It was preceded by the Southern Qi dynasty and succeeded by the Chen dynasty. The rump state of Western Liang existed until it was conquered in 587 by the Sui dynasty. Rule During the Liang dynasty, in 547 a Persian embassy paid tribute to the Liang, amber was recorded as originating from Persia by the '' Book of Liang''. In 548, Hou Jing Prince of Henan started a rebellion with Xiao Zhengde the Prince of Linhe, nephew and a former heir of Emperor Wu of Liang and installed Xiao Zhengde as emperor. In 549, Hou sacked Jiankang, deposed and killed Xiao Zhengde, seized the power and put Emperor Wu effectively under house arrest. He dismissed the armies opposed to him in the name of Emperor Wu. In 550 Emperor Wu died, Hou created Emperor Wu's third son Crown P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Zhang (Liang Dynasty)
Empress Zhang (張皇后, personal name unknown) was briefly an empress of the Chinese Liang Dynasty. She was the wife of Xiao Dong the Prince of Yuzhang, a great-grandson of the founder of the dynasty Emperor Wu, and she therefore was known as the Princess of Yuzhang. In 551, the general Hou Jing, who controlled the imperial government at Jiankang, in order to show off his power, deposed Xiao Dong's granduncle Emperor Jianwen and made Xiao Dong emperor. By that time, Xiao Dong and Princess Zhang had long been under house arrest after Hou's capturing of Jiankang in 549, and when the imperial procession arrived to escort Xiao Dong, he and Princess Zhang were tending their garden to grow vegetables to supplement their diet (as the region had been suffering from a war-induced famine ever since Hou's rebellion and takeover of Jiankang). After Xiao Dong was made emperor, he created her empress. Two and a half months later, however, Hou forced him to yield the throne to Hou, who took th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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