Embiidina
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Embiidina
The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 species in 11 families have been described, the oldest known fossils of the group being from the mid-Jurassic. Species are very similar in appearance, having long, flexible bodies, short legs, and only males having wings. Webspinners are gregarious, living subsocially in galleries of fine silk which they spin from glands on their forelegs. Members of these colonies are often related females and their offspring; adult males do not feed and die soon after mating. Males of some species have wings and are able to disperse, whereas the females remain near where they were hatched. Newly mated females may vacate the colony and found a new one nearby. Others may emerge to search for a new food source to which the galleries can be extended, but in g ...
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Sociality
Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (gregariousness) and form cooperative societies. Sociality is a survival response to evolutionary pressures. For example, when a mother wasp stays near her larvae in the nest, parasites are less likely to eat the larvae. Biologists suspect that pressures from parasites and other predators Natural selection, selected this behavior in wasps of the Family (biology), family Vespidae. This wasp behaviour evidences the most fundamental characteristic of animal sociality: parental investment. Parental investment is any expenditure of resources (time, energy, social capital) to benefit one's offspring. Parental investment detracts from a parent's capacity to invest in future reproduction and aid to Family, kin (including other offspring). An animal that cares for its young but shows no other sociality traits is said to be ''subsocial''. An animal that exhibits a high degree of social ...
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Scelembiidae
Scelembiidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 .... There are about 16 genera and more than 40 described species in Scelembiidae. Genera These 16 genera belong to the family Scelembiidae: * '' Ambonembia'' Ross, 2001 * '' Biguembia'' Szumik, 1997 * '' Conicercembia'' Ross, 1984 * '' Dolonembia'' Ross, 2001 * '' Ecuadembia'' Szumik, 2004 * '' Embolyntha'' Davis, 1940 * '' Gibocercus'' Szumik, 1997 * '' Litosembia'' Ross, 2001 * '' Malacosembia'' Ross, 2001 * '' Neorhagadochir'' Ross, 1944 * '' Ochrembia'' Ross, 2001 * '' Pachylembia'' Ross, 1984 * '' Pararhagadochir'' Davis, 1940 * '' Rhagadochir'' Enderlein, 1912 * '' Xiphosembia'' Ross, 2001 * † '' Kumarembia'' Engel & Grimaldi, 2011 References Further reading ...
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Andesembiidae
Andesembiidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 .... There are at least two genera and about seven described species in Andesembiidae. Genera These two genera belong to the family Andesembiidae: * '' Andesembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Bryonembia'' Ross, 2003 References Further reading * * * * Embioptera Insect families {{embioptera-stub ...
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Insect
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body ( head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Their blood is not totally contained in vessels; some circulates in an open cavity known as the haemocoel. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; In: potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans, which recent research has indicated insects are nested within. Nearly all insects hatch from eggs. ...
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Anisembiidae
Anisembiidae is a family of insects in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 ..., the web-spinners. The family is divided into several subfamilies. It is the largest family of webspinners. Its subfamilies include the following: * Anisembiinae * Aporembiinae * Chelicercinae * Chorisembiinae * Cryptembiinae * Platyembiinae * Scolembiinae Its genera include the following: * '' Anisembia'' Krauss, 1911 * '' Aporembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Brasilembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Bulbocerca'' Ross, 1940 * '' Chelicerca'' Ross, 1940 * '' Chorisembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Cryptembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Dactylocerca'' Ross, 1940 * '' Ectyphocerca'' Ross, 2003 * '' Exochosembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Glyphembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Isosembia'' Ross, 2003 * '' Mesembia'' Ross, 1940 * '' ...
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Archembiidae
Archembiidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 .... There are at least 2 genera and about 12 described species in Archembiidae. Genera These two genera belong to the family Archembiidae: * '' Calamoclostes'' Enderlein, 1909 * † '' Archembia'' Ross, 1971 References Further reading * * * * Embioptera Insect families {{embioptera-stub ...
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Australembiidae
Australembiidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 .... There is at least one genus, '' Metoligotoma'', in the family Australembiidae. References Further reading * * * * Embioptera Insect families {{embioptera-stub ...
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Clothodidae
Clothodidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 .... There are about 5 genera and 18 described species in Clothodidae. Genera These five genera belong to the family Clothodidae: * '' Antipaluria'' Enderlein, 1912 * '' Chromatoclothoda'' Ross, 1987 * '' Clothoda'' Enderlein, 1909 * '' Cryptoclothoda'' Ross, 1987 * † '' Atmetoclothoda'' Engel & Huang, 2016 References Further reading * * * * Embioptera Insect families {{embioptera-stub ...
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Embiidae
Embiidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 .... There are more than 20 genera and 80 described species in Embiidae. Genera These 23 genera belong to the family Embiidae: * '' Acrosembia'' Ross, 2006 * '' Apterembia'' Ross, 1957 * '' Arabembia'' Ross, 1981 * '' Berlandembia'' Davis, 1940 * '' Chirembia'' Davis, 1940 * '' Cleomia'' Stefani, 1953 * '' Dihybocercus'' Enderlein, 1912 * '' Dinembia'' Davis, 1939 * '' Donaconethis'' Enderlein, 1909 * '' Embia'' Latreille, 1829 * '' Enveja'' Navás, 1916 * '' Leptembia'' Krauss, 1911 * '' Machadoembia'' Ross, 1952 * '' Macrembia'' Davis, 1940 * '' Metembia'' Davis, 1939 * '' Odontembia'' Davis, 1939 * '' Oedembia'' Ross, 2007 * '' Parachirembia'' Davis, 1940 * '' Parembia'' D ...
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Oligotomidae
Oligotomidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera. There are about 6 genera and at least 40 described species in Oligotomidae. They are known to be found in warmer regions of the Old World and in the Southwestern United States. Genera These six genera belong to the family Oligotomidae: * '' Aposthonia'' Krauss, 1911 ** '' Aposthonia ceylonica'', native to South-East Asia, found to be present in the UK in 2019. * '' Bulbosembia'', Ross, 2007 * '' Eosembia'', Ross, 2007 * ''Haploembia ''Haploembia'' is a genus of webspinners in the family Oligotomidae Oligotomidae is a family of webspinners in the order Embioptera. There are about 6 genera and at least 40 described species in Oligotomidae. They are known to be fo ...'' Verhoeff, 1904 * '' Lobosembia'', Ross, 2007 * '' Oligotoma'' Westwood, 1837 References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * External links * Embioptera Insect families {{embioptera-stub ...
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Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm ''Bombyx mori'' reared in captivity (sericulture). The shimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fibre, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles, thus producing different colors. Silk is produced by several insects; but, generally, only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacturing. There has been some research into other types of silk, which differ at the molecular level. Silk is mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some insects, such as webspinners and raspy crickets, produce silk throughout their lives. Silk production also occurs in hymenoptera ( bee ...
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Greek Language
Greek ( el, label=Modern Greek, Ελληνικά, Elliniká, ; grc, Ἑλληνική, Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Italy (Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. It has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years; previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of lasting impo ...
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