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Electronic Navigational Chart
An electronic navigational chart or ENC is an official database created by a national hydrographic office for use with an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). An electronic chart must conform to standards stated in the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Publication S-57 before it can be certified as an ENC. Only ENCs can be used within ECDIS to meet the International Maritime Organization (IMO) performance standard for ECDIS. ENCs are available for wholesale distribution to chart agents and resellers from Regional Electronic Navigational Chart Centres (RENCs). The RENCs are not-for-profit organizations made up of ENC-producer countries. RENCs independently check each ENC submitted by the contributing countries to ensure that they conform to the relevant IHO standards. The RENCs also act collectively as one-stop wholesalers of most of the world's ENCs. IHO Publication S-63 developed by the IHO Data Protection Scheme Working Group is used to encryp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Members Of The International Hydrographic Organization
, the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) comprised 98 Member States, two of which are suspended because of their lapsed annual financial contribution. The IHO identifies its representative member organisations as the respective national hydrographic office(s). These organisations may themselves be part of wider national maritime or other administrations covering a larger range of tasks – such as the national organisations for transport, maritime regulation, environment, defence or oceanography. For example, in Norway and New Zealand the hydrographic offices are sub-organisations of the country's national geodata organisation; in the UK and France, they are part of the Ministry of Defence; in Finland the hydrographic Office is part of the department of transport. The up to date list of IHO Member States, their representative organisations and contact details are maintained in the IHO Yearbook - available at www.iho.int List * – Albanian Hydrographic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronic Chart Display And Information System
An Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is a geographic information system used for nautical navigation that complies with International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations as an alternative to paper nautical charts. IMO refers to similar systems not meeting the regulations as Electronic Chart Systems (ECSs). An ECDIS system displays the information from Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) and integrates position information from position, heading and speed through water reference systems and optionally other navigational sensors. Other sensors which could interface with an ECDIS are radar, Navtex, Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), and depth sounders. In recent years concerns from the industry have been raised as to the system's security especially with regards to cyber attacks and GPS spoofinattacks Application ECDIS provides continuous position and navigational safety information. The system generates audible and/or visual alarms when the ves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Hydrographic Organization
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an intergovernmental organisation representing hydrography. , the IHO comprised 98 Member States. A principal aim of the IHO is to ensure that the world's seas, oceans and navigable waters are properly surveyed and charted. It does this through the setting of international standards, the co-ordination of the endeavours of the world's national hydrographic offices, and through its capacity building program. The IHO enjoys observer status at the United Nations, where it is the recognised competent authority on hydrographic surveying and nautical charting. When referring to hydrography and nautical charting in Conventions and similar Instruments, it is the IHO standards and specifications that are normally used. History The IHO was established in 1921 as the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB). The present name was adopted in 1970, as part of a new international Convention on the IHO adopted by the then member nations. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Maritime Organization
The International Maritime Organization (IMO, French: ''Organisation maritime internationale'') is a specialised agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. The IMO was established following agreement at a UN conference held in Geneva in 1948 and the IMO came into existence ten years later, meeting for the first time in 1959. Headquartered in London, United Kingdom, IMO currently has 175 Member States and three Associate Members. The IMO's primary purpose is to develop and maintain a comprehensive regulatory framework for shipping and its remit today includes maritime safety, environmental concerns, legal matters, technical co-operation, maritime security and the efficiency of shipping. IMO is governed by an assembly of members which meets every two years. Its finance and organization is administered by a council of 40 members elected from the assembly. The work of IMO is conducted through five committees and these are supported by technical subcommitte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S-63 (encryption Standard)
S-63 is an International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) standard for encrypting, securing and compressing electronic navigational chart (ENC) data. The Data Protection Scheme was prepared by the IHO Data Protection Scheme Advisory Group, and was based on the protection scheme developed and operated by Primar as part of providing their protected ENC service. ECC (Electronic Chart Centre) and United Kingdom Hydrographic Office were the original contributing organizations. The UKHO has since left this arrangement and Primar is now operated exclusively by ECC. The standard was adopted as the official IHO standard by the IHO member states in December 2002. The S-63 standard secures data by encrypting the basic transfer database using the Blowfish algorithm, SHA-1-hashing the data based on a random key and adding a CRC32 check. The standard also defines the systems to develop permit files that are delivered to end-users of ENC data enabling them to decrypt the data and use it for n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inland Electronic Navigational Charts
Inland Electronic Navigational Charts (IENC) are electronic navigational charts for rivers, canals, lakes and other inland waters which are navigable. IENCs are displayed by an Inland Electronic Chart Display and Information System (Inland ECDIS). Europe Based on the findings of the European transport R&D project INDRIS (Inland Navigation Demonstrator for River Information Services) and the German project ARGO in 2001, both the Danube and the Rhine Commissions adopted an Inland Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (Inland ECDIS) standard for IENC data and system requirements for the Rhine and the Danube Rivers. In 2001, the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN ECE) adopted the Inland ECDIS Standard as a recommendation for the European inland waterway system. As of November 2013, Inland ENC data conforming to the Inland ECDIS standard have been produced covering almost 10000 kilometers on European rivers/waterways including the: Rhine, Danube, Mosel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raster Navigational Charts (NOAA)
Raster Navigational Charts (RNC's) are created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States Government. Each original chart is scanned at high resolution with color separate overlays. The raster file also contains data that is Geo-referencing; enabling computer based navigation attached to a GPS to locate and display the chart. The charts are stored in BSB format. Image manipulation tools such as GDAL can read the image information, but there also is georeferenced data in the navigational charts. See also * Electronic navigational chart An electronic navigational chart or ENC is an official database created by a national hydrographic office for use with an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). An electronic chart must conform to standards stated in the Interna ... External links * NOAA RNC Charts Viewer National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration {{Ocean-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navionics
Navionics is an Italian manufacturer of electronic navigational charts, headquartered in Massarosa, Italy. The company operates worldwide with subsidiaries in Wareham, Massachusetts, Plymouth (United Kingdom), Hyderabad (India) and New South Wales (Australia). Navionics was founded in 1984, when Giuseppe Carnevali and Fosco Bianchetti introduced the world's first marine electronic chart plotter, the Geonav. In 2007, Navionics sold the Geonav product line, to focus solely on the production of electronic charts. On October 27, 2017, Navionics was acquired by Garmin Ltd. In 2018, it was reported that Navionics had exposed hundreds of thousands of customer records, when its MongoDB database wasn't secured with a password.{{Cite web, url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/10/08/garmin-owned-navigation-unit-exposed-thousands-of-boat-owners-data/, title = Garmin-owned navigation unit exposed thousands of boat owners' data Products * GPS Plotter Charts: marine and lakes cartography for GPS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C-MAP
Navico is a marine electronics company providing navigation, marine instruments and fish finding equipment to both the recreational and commercial marine sectors. The Navico Recreational Marine Division is one of the world's largest provider of leisure marine electronic products. Lowrance is aimed at fishing, particularly in freshwater and near coastal areas. Simrad Yachting is focused on powerboat owners for cruising and sportfishing and B&G serves the sailing market. The Simrad Commercial Marine Electronics division also offers navigation products for the commercial market, while C-MAP provides cartography and digital products to both recreational and commercial markets. Navico has its headquarters in Egersund, Norway, and the group has manufacturing facilities in the United States, UK, Norway, Mexico and New Zealand. Time line 1946 Simonsen Radio was founded by Willy Simonsen (NOR) leading the development of echo sounding equipment. Simrad Yachting was born from the union ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronic Navigation
Electronic navigation are forms of navigation that ships, land vehicles, and people can use, which rely on technology powered by electricity. Methods of electronic navigation include: *Satellite navigation, satellite navigation systems *Radio navigation, the application of radio frequencies to determining a position *Radar navigation, the use of radar to determine position relative to known objects See also *Electronic navigational chart *Robot navigation Robot localization denotes the robot's ability to establish its own position and orientation within the frame of reference. Path planning is effectively an extension of localisation, in that it requires the determination of the robot's current pos ... {{Navigation systems Navigation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navigational Aids
Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.Bowditch, 2003:799. The field of navigation includes four general categories: land navigation, marine navigation, aeronautic navigation, and space navigation. It is also the term of art used for the specialized knowledge used by navigators to perform navigation tasks. All navigational techniques involve locating the navigator's position compared to known locations or patterns. Navigation, in a broader sense, can refer to any skill or study that involves the determination of position and direction. In this sense, navigation includes orienteering and pedestrian navigation. History In the European medieval period, navigation was considered part of the set of '' seven mechanical arts'', none of which were used for long voyages across open ocean. Polynesian navigation is probably the earliest form of open-ocean navigation; it was b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
