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Electoral Systems In Scotland
Scotland uses different electoral systems for elections to (the UK) Parliament, the Scottish Parliament and to local councils. A different system was also in use between 1999 and 2019 for United Kingdom elections to the European Parliament. Historically, only First Past the Post (FPTP) was used for all elections in Scotland, but this changed in 1999 both with the introduction of D'Hondt elections to the EU Parliament and the inception the same year of the devolved Scottish Parliament. Two of the devolved legislatures in the United Kingdom - the Scottish Parliament and the Senedd - use the Additional Members System (AMS). AMS has been used for every Scottish Parliament election since 1999, with the most recent being in 2021. Local council elections were reformed to be held under Single Transferable Vote (STV), which has proven to be proportional, unlike FPTP. However, elections to the UK Parliament are still held under FPTP. This has led to the Scottish National Party (SNP) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scotland
Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, the North Sea to the northeast and east, and the Irish Sea to the south. It also contains more than 790 islands, principally in the archipelagos of the Hebrides and the Northern Isles. Most of the population, including the capital Edinburgh, is concentrated in the Central Belt—the plain between the Scottish Highlands and the Southern Uplands—in the Scottish Lowlands. Scotland is divided into 32 administrative subdivisions or local authorities, known as council areas. Glasgow City is the largest council area in terms of population, with Highland being the largest in terms of area. Limited self-governing power, covering matters such as education, social services and roads and transportation, is devolved from the Scott ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kezia Dugdale
Kezia Alexandra Ross Dugdale (born 28 August 1981) is a Scottish former politician who served as Leader of the Scottish Labour Party from 2015 to 2017. A former member of the Scottish Labour Party and Co-operative Party, she was a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Lothian region from 2011 to 2019. Born in Aberdeen and raised in Dundee, Dugdale studied law at the University of Aberdeen and Policy Studies at the University of Edinburgh, where she was a campaigns and welfare adviser. After leaving university, she worked as an election agent, political researcher and parliamentary officer. She was elected at the 2011 Scottish Parliament election on the Lothian regional list and became Deputy Leader of the Scottish Labour Party in 2014. Dugdale was elected Leader of the Scottish Labour Party in the 2015 Scottish Labour leadership election. She led the party into the 2016 Scottish Parliament election; where it finished third behind the Scottish National Party (SNP) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D'Hondt Method
The D'Hondt method, also called the Jefferson method or the greatest divisors method, is a method for allocating seats in parliaments among federal states, or in party-list proportional representation systems. It belongs to the class of highest-averages methods. The method was first described in 1792 by future U.S. president Thomas Jefferson. It was re-invented independently in 1878 by Belgian mathematician Victor D'Hondt, which is the reason for its two different names. Motivation Proportional representation systems aim to allocate seats to parties approximately in proportion to the number of votes received. For example, if a party wins one-third of the votes then it should gain about one-third of the seats. In general, exact proportionality is not possible because these divisions produce fractional numbers of seats. As a result, several methods, of which the D'Hondt method is one, have been devised which ensure that the parties' seat allocations, which are of whole numbers, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North East Scotland (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
North East Scotland is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. Ten of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 17 MSPs. The North East Scotland region shares boundaries with the Highlands and Islands and Mid Scotland and Fife regions. Constituencies and local government areas Since 2011 As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries of the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election. 1999–2011 In terms of first past the post constituencies the region covered: The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies, as existing in at that time. Scottish Westminster constituencies were mostly replaced with new constituencies in 2005S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Scotland (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
West Scotland is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament. Ten of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 17 MSPs. The West Scotland electoral region was created as a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries and largely replaced the West of Scotland region. Constituencies and local government areas In terms of first past the post constituencies the region covers: Members of the Scottish Parliament Constituency MSPs Regional list MSPs N.B. This table is for presentation purposes only Election results 2021 Scottish Parliament election In the 2021 Scottish Parliament election the region elected MSPs as follows: Constituency results {, class=wikitable !colspan=4 style=background-color:#f2f2f2, 2021 Scottish Parliament election: West Scotland , - ! colspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mid Scotland And Fife (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
Mid Scotland and Fife is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs. The Mid Scotland and Fife region shares boundaries with the Central Scotland, Highlands and Islands, North East Scotland and West of Scotland regions and is connected with the Lothian region by bridges across the Firth of Forth. Constituencies and council areas 2011–present As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries for the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election. 1999–2011 The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies, as existing in at that time. The Holyrood constituencies cover all of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highlands And Islands (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
The Highlands and Islands is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament, created in 1999. Eight of the parliament's first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). The name ''Highlands and Islands'' is much older than the electoral region. The Highlands and Islands area has a large area of overlap with the Scottish Highlands, and the two names are often regarded as representing the same area. The Highlands and Islands region is the largest of the eight electoral regions in terms of area, but the smallest in terms of population and electorate. It has boundaries with the North East Scotland, Mid Scotland and Fife and the West Scotland electoral regions. Constituencies and council areas 2011– As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries of the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Scotland (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
South Scotland is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs. The South Scotland region was created as a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries and largely replaced the South of Scotland region. Constituencies and local government areas 2011–present As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries for the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election. 1999–2011 Prior to the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries, the area which previously encompassed much of the South Scotland electoral region was known as the 'South of Scotland' electoral region. The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Scotland (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
Central Scotland (''Meadhan-Alba'' in Gaelic) is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs. Constituencies and council areas 2011– As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries for the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election. Constituencies and council areas 1999–2011 The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies, as existing in at that time. They cover all of two council areas,Council areas are as defined in 1996, and may be subject to change after the next Scottish Parliament election. the Falkirk council area and the North Lanarkshire council area, and parts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lothian (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
Lothian is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs. The region is located in the eastern area of the Central Belt of the Scottish Lowlands and is anchored by capital city of Scotland, Edinburgh. The Lothian region was created as a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries and largely replaced the Lothians region. Constituencies and local government areas As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries for the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election. Members of the Scottish Parliament Constituency MSPs Regional list MSPs Elections take place on a whole-region basis: candidates shown in the same column have no particular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glasgow (Scottish Parliament Electoral Region)
Glasgow is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs. Constituencies and council areas 2011– As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the boundaries of the region and constituencies were redrawn for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election. Eight of the constituencies are entirely within the Glasgow City council area. The Rutherglen constituency comprises the extreme north-western part of the South Lanarkshire council area which is part of the Greater Glasgow urban area. The South Lanarkshire area is otherwise divided between the Central Scotland and South of Scotland regions. 1999–2011 In terms of first past the post constituencies the region included: The constituencies were created with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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