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Elections In Guinea-Bissau
Elections in Guinea-Bissau take place within the framework of a multi-party democracy and a semi-presidential system. Both the President and the National People's Assembly are directly elected by voters. Electoral history Although Portuguese colonies elected members to the National Assembly, it was not until the 1960s that an elected body was created to represent the territory of Portuguese Guinea. A 15-seat Legislative Council was created in 1963, although only a minority of members were elected by a franchise restricted by literacy and tax-paying requirements. Arguably the first elections to take place under universal suffrage were those organised by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), a pro-independence rebel group that occupied most of the territory by the early 1970s.Cowen & Laakso, p109 The PAIGC organised a series of elections to regional councils in the 11 regions that they controlled, whose members then elected a National Assembly. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semi-presidential System
A semi-presidential republic, is a republic in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter two being responsible to the legislature of the state. It differs from a parliamentary republic in that it has a popularly elected head of state and from the presidential system in that the cabinet, although named by the president, is responsible to the legislature, which may force the cabinet to resign through a motion of no confidence. While the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and Finland (from 1919 to 2000) exemplified early semi-presidential systems, the term "semi-presidential" was first introduced in 1959 in an article by journalist Hubert Beuve-Méry, and popularized by a 1978 work written by political scientist Maurice Duverger, both of whom intended to describe the French Fifth Republic (established in 1958). Definition Maurice Duverger's original definition of semi-presidentialism stated that the president had to be elected, possess signi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumba Ialá
Kumba Ialá Embaló, also spelled Yalá (15 March 1953 – 4 April 2014), was a Bissau-Guinean politician who was president from 17 February 2000 until he was deposed in a bloodless military coup on 14 September 2003. He belonged to the Balanta ethnic group and was President of the Social Renewal Party (PRS). In 2008 he converted to Islam and took the name Mohamed Ialá Embaló. He was the founder of the Party for Social Renewal. In 2014, Ialá died from a cardiopulmonary arrest. Early life Born to a farming family in Bula, Cacheu Region on 15 March 1953, Ialá became a militant member of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) during his teenage years. The PAIGC sought independence from Portuguese colonial rule."Guinea-Bissau's Kumba Yala: from crisis to crisis" ''Afrol.com'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2014 Guinea-Bissau General Election
General elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 13 April 2014, with a second round for the presidential elections held on 18 May since no candidate received a majority in the first round. Several logistic problems and delays caused the elections to be repeatedly postponed, having initially been scheduled for 24 November 2013 and then 16 March 2014. In the second round, José Mário Vaz of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde was declared the president-elect with 62% of the vote. Background The elections were the result of a military coup in 2012 cancelling the elections that year. On 26 February 2014, the UN Security Council urged Guinea-Bissau's transitional government to abide by announced election plans, warning of sanctions against those opposing a return to constitutional order. Former President Kumba Ialá died a few weeks before the elections. Electoral system The President were elected using the two-round system, whilst the 102 members of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Guinea-Bissau Coup D'état
On 12 April 2012, a coup d'état in Guinea-Bissau was staged by elements of the armed forces about two weeks before the second round of a presidential election between Carlos Gomes Júnior and Kumba Ialá. The coup started in the evening with military personnel and equipment making its way onto the streets, followed by the state-owned media being taken off-air. Both second-round candidates and the incumbent president were initially arrested by the junta. Members of the Military Council, which ran the country until an interim National Transitional Council was established on 15 April, said that one of the reasons for the coup was the incumbent civilian administration's call for Angolan help to reform the military. Following international condemnation and sanctions against leaders of the junta, an agreement was signed that led to the third place candidate in the election, Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo, being selected as interim president. The presidential election was aborted and postpone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Guinea-Bissau Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 18 March 2012 following the death of President Malam Bacai Sanhá on 9 January. A run-off was set to be held on 29 April after being postponed by a week as announced by electoral commission chief Desejado Lima Dacosta. However, after a military coup, the leading candidates were arrested and the election was cancelled. The junta's spokesman then announced plans to hold an election in two years, despite condemnation. General elections were subsequently held in April 2014. Background Following the death of Malam Bacai Sanhá on 9 January 2012, an early presidential elections were scheduled to be held within 90 days, in accordance with the constitution. No president in the history of independent Guinea-Bissau has completed his term in office: Three presidents have been ousted, one was assassinated, and another died in office. Campaign Prime Minister Carlos Gomes Júnior resigned on 10 February to run for the presidency. A total ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Guinea-Bissau Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 28 June 2009 following the assassination of President João Bernardo Vieira on 2 March 2009.Alberto Dabo"Guinea-Bissau announces election date" Reuters (''IOL''), 1 April 2009. As no candidate won a majority in the first round, a second round was held on 26 July 2009 between the two leading candidates, Malam Bacai Sanhá of the governing African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) and opposition leader Kumba Ialá."Guinea-Bissau presidential vote brought forward" AFP, 5 July 2009."Guinea-Bissa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Guinea-Bissau Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 16 November 2008."Guinea Bissau to hold parliamentary polls in November" African Press Agency, 26 March 2008."Bissau: proclamation officielle des résultats, victoire de l'ex-parti unique" AFP, November 26, 2008 . The result was a victory for the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2005 Guinea-Bissau Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 19 June 2005, with a second round runoff on 24 July. The elections marked the end of a transition to democratic rule after the previously elected government was overthrown in a September 2003 military coup led by General VerÃssimo Correia Seabra. The result was a victory for former President and independent candidate João Bernardo Vieira. Background Following the coup, a civilian government was nominated to oversee the transition and sworn in on 28 September 2003. Henrique Rosa was appointed interim President following talks with military, political, and civil society leaders, while Artur Sanhá of the Party for Social Renewal (PRS) was named Prime Minister. A legislative election, delayed numerous times during the presidency of Kumba Ialá, took place on 28 March 2004. The poll was declared free and fair by election observers and the former ruling party, the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 Guinea-Bissau Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 28 March 2004 after repeated postponements caused by political and financial chaos in the country, including a coup d'état that overthrew President Kumba Ialá in September 2003. The former ruling party, the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), won the largest number of seats, but did not obtain a majority. Former President Yala's party, the Party for Social Renewal (PRS), came second with 35 seats. The PAIGC reached an agreement with the PRS for its legislative support (a previous attempt at reaching a deal with the United Social Democratic Party, which won 17 seats, failed), and in May 2004 the new parliament was sworn in, with PAIGC leader Carlos Gomes Júnior becoming Prime Minister. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resistance Of Guinea-Bissau-Bafatá Movement
The Resistance of Guinea-Bissau-Bafatá Movement (, RGB-MB) is a political party in Guinea-Bissau. Once the main opposition organisation in the country, it is today a minor party without parliamentary representation. History The party was established as the Bafatá Movement in Portugal on 27 July 1986 by Domingos Fernandes Gomes after his childhood friend Viriato Rodrigues Pa was executed along with five others accused of attempting to overthrow the regime of João Bernardo Vieira.Peter Karibe Mendy (2013) ''Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau'', Scarecrow Press, p359 With the organisation gaining support from the large population of expatriate Guineans in Portugal, the PAIGC government started attempts to assassinate the RGB leadership. In 1991 it adopted its current name. When multi-party politics was introduced in the early 1990s, the 1994 general elections saw the RGB become the largest opposition party to the PAIGC in the National People's Assembly, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malam Bacai Sanhá
Malam Bacai Sanhá () (5 May 1947 – 9 January 2012) was a Guinea-Bissau politician who was President of Guinea-Bissau from 8 September 2009 until his death on 9 January 2012. A member of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), Sanhá was President of the National People's Assembly from 1994 to 1999 and then served as acting President of Guinea-Bissau from 14 May 1999, to 17 February 2000, following the ouster of President João Bernardo Vieira. Standing as the PAIGC candidate, he placed second in the 1999–2000 presidential election as well as the 2005 presidential election before winning the June–July 2009 presidential election. Personal life Sanhá was born on 5 May 1947"Guinea-Bissau: Biography of presidential candidate Sanha", PANA, 18 January 2000. at Dar Salam (Darsalame) in the Quinara region, to a Muslim family. He was married to Mariama Mane Sanha until his death in 2012. Early political career A long-time member of PAIGC, Sanhà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guinea-Bissau General Election, 1999–2000
Guinea-Bissau ( ; pt, Guiné-Bissau; ff, italic=no, 𞤘ðž¤ðž¤²ðž¤« 𞤄ðž¤ðž¤§ðž¤¢ðž¥„𞤱𞤮, Gine-Bisaawo, script=Adlm; Mandinka: ''Gine-Bisawo''), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau ( pt, República da Guiné-Bissau, links=no ), is a country in West Africa that covers with an estimated population of 1,726,000. It borders Senegal to the north and Guinea to the south-east. Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Kaabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others were under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonised as Portuguese Guinea. Portuguese control was restricted and weak until the early 20th century with the pacification campaigns, these campaigns solidified Portuguese sovereignty in the area. The final Portuguese victory over the remaining bastion of mainland resistance, the Papel ruled Kingdom of Bissau in 1915 by the Portugue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
