|
Elbrus 2000
The Elbrus 2000, E2K (russian: Эльбрус 2000) is a Russian 512-bit wide Very long instruction word, VLIW microprocessor developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST) and fabricated by TSMC. It supports two instruction set architectures (ISA): * Elbrus Very long instruction word, VLIW * Intel x86 (a complete, system-level implementation with a software binary translation, dynamic binary translation virtual machine, similar to Transmeta Crusoe) Thanks to its unique architecture the Elbrus 2000 can execute 20 instructions per clock, so even with its modest clock speed it can compete with much faster clocked superscalar microprocessors when running in native Very long instruction word, VLIW mode. For security reasons the Elbrus 2000 architecture implements dynamic data type-checking during Execution (computing), execution. In order to prevent unauthorized access, each Pointer (computer programming), pointer has additional Data type, type information that is verified ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCST
MCST (russian: МЦСТ, acronym for Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies) is a Russian microprocessor company that was set up in 1992. Different types of processors made by MCST were used in personal computers, servers and computing systems. MCST develops microprocessors based on two different instruction set architecture (ISA): ''Elbrus (computer), Elbrus'' and ''SPARC''. MCST is a direct descendant of the Lebedev Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Engineering. MCST is the base organization of the Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. MCST develops the Elbrus processor architecture and the eponymous family of universal VLIW microprocessors based on it with the participation of . The name "Elbrus" has been given the backronym "ExpLicit Basic Resources Utilization Scheduling". Products * ''Elbrus 1'' (1973) was the fourth generation Soviet computer, developed by Vsevolod Burtsev. Implements tag-based arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows 2000
Windows 2000 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and oriented towards businesses. It was the direct successor to Windows NT 4.0, and was Software release life cycle#Release to manufacturing (RTM), released to manufacturing on December 15, 1999, and was officially released to retail on February 17, 2000. It was Microsoft's business operating system until the introduction of Windows XP Professional in 2001. Windows 2000 introduced NTFS 3.0, Encrypting File System, as well as basic and dynamic disk storage. Support for people with disabilities was improved over Windows NT 4.0 with a number of new Assistive technology, assistive technologies, and Microsoft increased support for different languages and Locale (computer software), locale information. The Windows 2000 Server family has additional features, most notably the introduction of Active Directory, which in the years following became a widely used directory service in business environmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Very Long Instruction Word Computing
Very may refer to: * English's prevailing intensifier Businesses * The Very Group, a British retail/consumer finance corporation ** Very (online retailer), their main e-commerce brand * VERY TV, a Thai television channel Places * Véry, a commune in Meuse department, France * Very (lunar crater), on the Moon * Very (Martian crater), on Mars Music * ''Very'' (Pet Shop Boys album), 1993 * ''Very'' (Dreamscape album), 1999 * ''Very'', an album by Miki Furukawa, 2010 People * Edward Wilson Very (1847–1910), US Navy officer, inventor of the Very flare gun * Frank Washington Very (1852–1927), American astronomer * Jones Very (1813–1880), American poet, essayist, clergyman and mystic * Lydia Louisa Anna Very (1823–1901), American author and illustrator * Pierre Véry (1900–1960), French novelist and screenwriter * Very Idham Henyansyah (born 1978), Indonesian serial killer Other uses * Very, the most common type of flare gun See also * Vary, a village in Ukrai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Inventions
This timeline of Russian Innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in Russia, from the Grand Duchy of Moscow up to the Russian Federation. The entries in this timeline fall into the following categories: * indigenous inventions, like airliners, AC transformers, radio receivers, television, artificial satellites, ICBMs * uniquely Russian products, objects and events, like Saint Basil's Cathedral, Matryoshka dolls, Russian vodka * products and objects with superlative characteristics, like the Tsar Bomba, the AK-47, and the Typhoon-class submarine * scientific and medical discoveries, like the periodic law, vitamins and stem cells This timeline includes scientific and medical discoveries, products and technologies introduced by various peoples of Russia and its predecessor states, regardless of ethnicity, and also lists inventions by naturalized immigrant citizens. Certain innovations achieved internationally may also appear in this timeline in cases where the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Instruction Set Architectures
In computer science, an instruction set architecture (ISA), also called computer architecture, is an abstract model of a computer. A device that executes instructions described by that ISA, such as a central processing unit (CPU), is called an ''implementation''. In general, an ISA defines the supported instructions, data types, registers, the hardware support for managing main memory, fundamental features (such as the memory consistency, addressing modes, virtual memory), and the input/output model of a family of implementations of the ISA. An ISA specifies the behavior of machine code running on implementations of that ISA in a fashion that does not depend on the characteristics of that implementation, providing binary compatibility between implementations. This enables multiple implementations of an ISA that differ in characteristics such as performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things), but that are capable of running the same machine code, so that a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elbrus-8S
The Elbrus-8S (russian: Эльбрус-8С) is a Russian 28 nanometer 8-core microprocessor developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST). The first prototypes were produced by the end of 2014 and serial production started in 2016. The Elbrus-8S is to be used in servers and workstations. The processor's architecture allows support of up to 32 processors on a single server motherboard. In 2018 MCST announced plans to produce the Elbrus-8SV, an upgraded version of the 8C with doubled performance. The CPU can process 576 Gflops and has a frequency of 1.5 GHz, as well as DDR4 support instead of DDR3. Engineering samples were already completed in Q3 2017. Development was completed in 2019 and its fabrication started in 2020. Supported operating systems The Elbrus-8S and -SV processors support binary compatibility with Intel x86 and x86-64 processors via runtime binary translation. The documentation suggests that the processors can run Windows XP and Windows 7. The proc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and shares Borders of Russia, land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than List of countries and territories by land borders, any other country but China. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's ninth-most populous country and List of European countries by population, Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city is Moscow, the List of European cities by population within city limits, largest city entirely within E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikron Group
Mikron Group (russian: ОАО «НИИМЭ и Микрон»), headed by JSC Mikron, is a manufacturer and exporter of microelectronics in Russia and the CIS. Its facilities are located in Zelenograd, Russia. History During the period from 1960–1980 Mikron developed microelectronic technologies for the USSR. In 2010, Mikron obtained a license for a 90 nm process, with production starting around 2012–2013. The 90 nm production facilities and the design center were co-financed almost up to 50% by Rusnano, with a total cost of 16,57 billion Russian rubles. In 2014, due to the suspension of activities between Visa, MasterCard and certain Russian banks, Mikron hoped to receive orders related to the creation of the Russian national card payment system to be launched in 2015. In late 2014 it was announced that Mikron had started pilot production of a domestic microprocessor called Elbrus-2SM using a 90 nm process under the import substitution program in Russia. Domes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The territories controlled by the ROC consist of 168 islands, with a combined area of . The main island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', has an area of , with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanised population is concentrated. The capital, Taipei, forms along with New Taipei City and Keelung the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Other major cities include Taoyuan, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung. With around 23.9 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries in the world. Taiwan has been settled for at least 25,000 years. Ancestors of Taiwanese indigenous peoples settled the isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elbrus-2S+
Elbrus-2S+ (russian: Эльбрус-2С+) is a multi-core microprocessor based on the Elbrus 2000 architecture developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST). There are multiple reports regarding the evolution of this technology for the purpose of import substitution in Russia, which was raised by several ministries in July 2014, due to economic sanctions in response to 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine. In December 2014, it was announced that Mikron Group started pilot production of a dual-core variant of this microprocessor called Elbrus-2SM (russian: Эльбрус-2СМ) using a 90 nanometer CMOS manufacturing process in Zelenograd, Russia. Technology The Elbrus-4S CPU is reported to have built in support for Intel x86 emulation as well as a native VLIW mode where it can perform up to 23 instructions per clock cycle. When programs are built for Elbrus 2000 native mode, the compiler determines how the different operations shall be distributed over the 23 computing uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power (TDP), sometimes called thermal design point, is the maximum amount of heat generated by a computer chip or component (often a CPU, GPU or system on a chip) that the cooling system in a computer is designed to dissipate under any workload. Some sources state that the peak power rating for a microprocessor is usually 1.5 times the TDP rating. Intel has introduced a new metric called ''scenario design power'' (SDP) for some Ivy Bridge Y-series processors. Calculation The ''average CPU power'' (ACP) is the power consumption of central processing units, especially server processors, under "average" daily usage as defined by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) for use in its line of processors based on the K10 microarchitecture ( Opteron 8300 and 2300 series processors). Intel's thermal design power (TDP), used for Pentium and Core 2 processors, measures the energy consumption under high workload; it is numerically somewhat higher than the "average" ACP rat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bit Rate
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable ''R'') is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. The bit rate is expressed in the unit bit per second (symbol: bit/s), often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo (1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s), mega (1 Mbit/s = 1,000 kbit/s), giga (1 Gbit/s = 1,000 Mbit/s) or tera (1 Tbit/s = 1,000 Gbit/s). The non-standard abbreviation bps is often used to replace the standard symbol bit/s, so that, for example, 1 Mbps is used to mean one million bits per second. In most computing and digital communication environments, one byte per second (symbol: B/s) corresponds to 8 bit/s. Prefixes When quantifying large or small bit rates, SI prefixes (also known as metric prefixes or decimal prefixes) are used, thus: Binary prefixes are sometimes used for bit rates. The International Standard ( IEC 80000-13) specifies different a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> MCST")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Windows 2000")
