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Egyptian Cobra
The Egyptian cobra (''Naja haje''), also known as Ouraeus ''(derived from the Ancient Greek word: ''οὐραῖος'' - )'', is one of the most venomous snakes in North Africa, which has caused many snakebite incidents to humans. It averages roughly , with the longest recorded specimen measuring . Etymology and taxonomy ''Naja haje'' was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The generic name ''naja'' is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word () meaning " cobra". The specific epithet ''haje'' is derived from the Arabic word ''ḥayya'' (حية) which literally means "snake". The snouted cobra (''Naja annulifera'') and Anchieta's cobra (''Naja anchietae'') were formerly regarded as subspecies of ''Naja haje'', but have since been shown to be distinct species. The Arabian populations were long recognised as a separate subspecies, ''Naja haje arabica'', and the black populations from Morocco sometimes as ''Naja haje legionis''. A recent study found that the Ara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahara
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Naja Nigricollis
The black-necked spitting cobra (''Naja nigricollis'') is a species of spitting cobra found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. They are moderately sized snakes that can grow to a length of in length. Their coloration and markings can vary considerably. They prey primarily on small rodents. They possess medically significant venom, although the mortality rate for untreated bites on humans is relatively low (~5–10%, in endemic regions under 1%). Like other spitting cobras, they can eject venom from their fangs when threatened (one drop over and more in perfect accuracy). The neurotoxic venom irritates the skin, causing blisters and inflammation, and can cause permanent blindness if the venom makes contact with the eyes and is not washed off. ''Naja nigricollis'' belongs to the cobra genus ''Naja'' under the family Elapidae. It previously included two subspecies that have been moved to the species ''Naja nigricincta'' – the zebra spitting cobra (''Naja nigricincta nigricincta'') a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Katiensis
The Mali cobra (''Naja katiensis''), also called the Katian spitting cobra or West African brown spitting cobra, is a species of spitting cobra found in West Africa. Geographic Distribution This species ranges from Senegal to Cameroon, with recorded sightings in Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, far northern Guinea, Southern Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Northern Ghana, Togo, Southwestern Niger and Nigeria. Habitat This species occurs in both tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to ..., and shrublands. References Mali cobra Snakes of Africa Reptiles of West Africa Mali cobra {{Snake-stub, date=October 2014 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Nubiae
The Nubian spitting cobra (''Naja nubiae'') is a species of spitting cobra native to Africa. Description A relatively small spitting cobra. Maximum recorded length 148 cm. Colour and pattern: Brownish-grey overall, scale bases and skin between scales black. Belly slightly lighter. Dark band across nape, dark ring across throat and neck, usually an additional dark band on belly, bands may fade with age. Scalation: 207–226 ventrals, 58–72 subcaudals, 23–29 scale rows around neck, 23–27 scale rows at midbody, 1–2 preoculars, 6–8 supralabials. Distribution A scattered distribution in north-eastern Africa: Egypt (Nile Valley), Sudan (Nile Valley, Darfur), western Eritrea, Chad (Ennedi Plateau) and Niger (Aïr Mountains). Taxonomy It was previously confused with the red spitting cobra The red spitting cobra (''Naja pallida'') is a species of spitting cobra native to Africa. Description This medium-sized cobra attains lengths between , but may grow to a maximu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Pallida
The red spitting cobra (''Naja pallida'') is a species of spitting cobra native to Africa. Description This medium-sized cobra attains lengths between , but may grow to a maximum length of around in very rare cases. It is often thought of as an attractive species; it is usually bright salmon-red contrasted with a broad black throat band and subocular teardrop markings. However, the color of this species does have variation, which usually depends on where in Africa a particular specimen is found. For example, specimens from southern Kenya and northern Tanzania have an orange-red colour, with a broad, dark blue or black throat band. Some specimens may have two or three throat bands, but this is uncommon for specimens from East Africa. The ventral side is also reddish in colour, sometimes the throat area may be a creamy white. Specimens from other areas can be yellow, pinkish, pink-grey, pale red or steel grey. Most specimens will have a throat band, but it will fade or even somet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afronaja
''Naja'' is a genus of venomous elapid snakes commonly known as cobras (or "true cobras"). Members of the genus ''Naja'' are the most widespread and the most widely recognized as "true" cobras. Various species occur in regions throughout Africa, Southwest Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Several other elapid species are also called "cobras", such as the king cobra (''Ophiophagus hannah'') and the rinkhals (''Hemachatus haemachatus''), but neither are true cobras, in that they do not belong to the genus ''Naja'', but instead each belong to monotypic genera ''Hemachatus'' (the rinkhals) and ''Ophiophagus'' (the king cobra/hamadryad). Until recently, the genus ''Naja'' had 20 to 22 species, but it has undergone several taxonomic revisions in recent years, so sources vary greatly. Wide support exists, though, for a 2009 revision that synonymised the genera ''Boulengerina'' and '' Paranaja'' with ''Naja''. According to that revision, the genus ''Naja'' now includes 38 specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Sputatrix
The Javan spitting cobra (''Naja sputatrix''), also called Indonesian cobra, is a species of cobra in the family Elapidae, found in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia, including Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Komodo, and others. Etymology and names ''Naja sputatrix'' is classified under the genus ''Naja'' of the family Elapidae. It was first described by German entomologist, herpetologist, ornithologist, and lawyer Friedrich Boie in 1827.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . ("Boie", p. 31). The generic name ''Naja'' is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word ' (), meaning "cobra". The specific epithet ''sputatrix'' comes from the Latin word ''sputator'', which means ''"spitter."'' Description The Java spitting cobra is a medium to large sized snake and has long cervical ribs, capable of expanding to form a hood when threatened. The body of this spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Siamensis
The Indochinese spitting cobra (''Naja siamensis'') ( th, งูเห่า, pronounced: nguu hao) also called the Thai spitting cobra, Siamese spitting cobra, is a species of spitting cobra found in Southeast Asia. Description This is a medium-sized elapid, with a more slender build compared to most other cobras within the genus ''Naja''. The body colour of this species is variable from grey to brown to black, with white spots or stripes. The white patterning can be so prolific that it covers the majority of the snake. The highly distinctive black and white colour phase is common in central Thailand, specimens from western Thailand are mostly black, whereas individuals from elsewhere are usually brown. The hood mark can be spectacle-shaped, irregular or missing altogether, especially in adults. Adults average between in length, and can potentially reach lengths of , although this is considered rare. Body mass for adults can be tends to be around 1,600 grams. This species shou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Mandalayensis
The Mandalay spitting cobra (''Naja mandalayensis''), also called the Burmese spitting cobra or Mandalay cobra, is a species of spitting cobra endemic to the dry zone in central Myanmar. Etymology ''Naja mandalayensis'' was first described by herpetologists Wolfgang Wüster and Joseph Bruno Slowinski in 2000. The generic name ''naja'' is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word () meaning "cobra". The specific epithet ''mandalayensis'' is Latin and refers to the city of Mandalay, which is a major city within the range of Naja mandalayensis. Description This species of cobra is medium in length, and heavy bodied. The average length of an adult ranges from ; they can grow to . The head is elliptical, depressed, slightly distinct from the neck with a short, rounded snout and large nostrils. The body is compressed dorsoventrally and subcylindrical posteriorly. Its scales are smooth and strongly oblique. The eyes are moderate in size with round pupils. The body of this species is yellowis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Atra
The Chinese cobra (''Naja atra''), also called the Taiwan cobra, is a species of cobra in the family Elapidae, found mostly in southern China and a couple of neighboring nations and islands. It is one of the most prevalent venomous snakes in China and Taiwan, which has caused many snakebite incidents to humans. Etymology and names ''Naja atra'' was first described by Danes, Danish physician, zoologist, and botanist Theodore Edward Cantor in 1842. The genus, generic name ''naja'' is a Latinisation of the Sanskrit word () meaning "cobra". The species, specific epithet ''atra'' comes from the Latin term ''ater'', which means "dark", "black", or "gloomy". In Mandarin Chinese, the snake is known as ''Zhōnghuá yǎnjìngshé'' (Simplified Chinese characters, simplified: 中华眼镜蛇, Traditional Chinese characters, traditional: 中華眼鏡蛇, lit. "Chinese spectacled snake", i.e. Chinese cobra), ''Zhōushān yǎnjìngshé'' (舟山眼鏡蛇, lit. "Zhoushan spectacled snake" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naja Kaouthia
The monocled cobra (''Naja kaouthia''), also called monocellate cobra and Indian spitting cobra, is a venomous cobra species widespread across South and Southeast Asia and listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. Taxonomy The scientific name ''Naja kaouthia'' was proposed by René Lesson in 1831, when he described the monocled cobra as a beautiful snake that is distinct from the spectacled cobra, with 188 ventral scales and 53 pairs of caudal scales. Since then, several monocled cobras were described under different scientific names: * In 1834, John Edward Gray published Thomas Hardwicke's first illustration of a monocled cobra under the trinomial ''Naja tripudians'' var. ''fasciata''. * In 1839, Theodore Edward Cantor described a brownish monocled cobra with numerous faint yellow transverse stripes and a hood marked with a white ring under the binomial ''Naja larvata'', found in Bombay, Calcutta, and Assam. Several varieties of monocled cobras were described under the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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