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Egil Hylleraas
Egil Andersen Hylleraas (May 15, 1898 – October 28, 1965) was a Norwegian theoretical physicist known for creating a method for predicting the ground state energy of two-electron atoms and trial wave functions for many-electron atoms. Early life and education Hylleraas was the son of Ole Andersen, a teacher in the mountain village of Engerdal, located in southern Norway. Hylleraas was the youngest of eleven children. He dropped out of school at a young age but later resumed his education at 17 by attending high school after moving to Oslo. He would later attend the University of Oslo and become a teacher. Hylleraas started research on the double refraction of light after reading a book by Max Born regarding crystal lattices. His paper earned him a fellowship from the International Education Board. From 1926 to 1928, he worked with Max Born at the University of Göttingen. The Golden Age of Atomic Physics In his journal ''Reminiscences'', Hylleraas referred to 1925–1930 as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engerdal
Engerdal is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Engerdal. Other villages in the municipality include Drevsjø, Elgå, Sømådal, and Sorken. The municipality is the 28th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Engerdal is the 316th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,253. The municipality's population density is and its population has decreased by 9.9% over the previous 10-year period. General information The new municipality of Engerdal was established on 1 January 1911. This new municipality was created by taking some of the land from the following existing municipalities: * of southeastern Tolga municipality (population: 201) * of eastern Ytre Rendal municipality (population: 311) * of eastern Øvre Rendal municipality (population: 381) * of northern Trysil municipality (population: 291) The borders o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Göttingen
Göttingen (, , ; nds, Chöttingen) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. At the end of 2019, the population was 118,911. General information The origins of Göttingen lay in a village called ''Gutingi, ''first mentioned in a document in 953 AD. The city was founded northwest of this village, between 1150 and 1200 AD, and adopted its name. In Middle Ages, medieval times the city was a member of the Hanseatic League and hence a wealthy town. Today, Göttingen is famous for its old university (''Georgia Augusta'', or University of Göttingen, "Georg-August-Universität"), which was founded in 1734 (first classes in 1737) and became the most visited university of Europe. In 1837, seven professors protested against the absolute sovereignty of the House of Hanover, kings of Kingdom of Hanover, Hanover; they lost their positions, but be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theoretical Physicists
The following is a partial list of notable theoretical physicists. Arranged by century of birth, then century of death, then year of birth, then year of death, then alphabetically by surname. For explanation of symbols, see Notes at end of this article. Ancient times * Thales (c. 624 – c. 546 BCE) * Pythagoras^* (c. 570 – c. 495 BCE) * Democritus° (c. 460 – c. 370 BCE) * Aristotle‡ (384–322 BCE) * Archimedesº* (c. 287 – c. 212 BCE) * Hypatia^ªº (c. 350–370; died 415 AD) Middle Ages * Al Farabi (c. 872 – c. 950) * Ibn al-Haytham (c. 965 – c. 1040) * Al Beruni (c. 973 – c. 1048) * Omar Khayyám (c. 1048 – c. 1131) * Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201–1274) * Jean Buridan (1301 – c. 1359/62) * Nicole Oresme (c. 1320 – 1325 –1382) * Sigismondo Polcastro (1384–1473) 15th–16th century * Nicolaus Copernicusº (1473–1543) 16th century and 16th–17th centuries * Gerolamo Cardano (1501–1576) * Tycho Brahe (1546–1601) * Giordano Bruno (1548– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Physicists
Norwegian, Norwayan, or Norsk may refer to: *Something of, from, or related to Norway, a country in northwestern Europe *Norwegians, both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway *Demographics of Norway *The Norwegian language, including the two official written forms: **Bokmål, literally "book language", used by 85–90% of the population of Norway **Nynorsk, literally "New Norwegian", used by 10–15% of the population of Norway *The Norwegian Sea Norwegian or may also refer to: Norwegian *Norwegian Air Shuttle, an airline, trading as Norwegian **Norwegian Long Haul, a defunct subsidiary of Norwegian Air Shuttle, flying long-haul flights *Norwegian Air Lines, a former airline, merged with Scandinavian Airlines in 1951 *Norwegian coupling, used for narrow-gauge railways *Norwegian Cruise Line, a cruise line *Norwegian Elkhound, a canine breed. *Norwegian Forest cat, a domestic feline breed *Norwegian Red, a breed of dairy cattle *Norwegian Township, Schuylkill County, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Engerdal
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1965 Deaths
Events January–February * January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in for a full term as President of the United States. ** Indonesian President Sukarno announces the withdrawal of the Indonesian government from the United Nations. * January 30 – The state funeral of Sir Winston Churchill takes place in London with the largest assembly of dignitaries in the world until the 2005 funeral of Pope John Paul II. * February 4 – Trofim Lysenko is removed from his post as director of the Institute of Genetics at the Academy of Sciences in the Soviet Union. Lysenkoist theories are now treated as pseudoscience. * February 12 ** The African and Malagasy Common Organization ('; OCAM) is formed as successor to the Afro-Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation ('; UAMCE), formerly the African and Malagasy Union ('; UAM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1898 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx and Staten Island. * January 13 – Novelist Émile Zola's open letter to the President of the French Republic on the Dreyfus affair, ''J'Accuse…!'', is published on the front page of the Paris daily newspaper ''L'Aurore'', accusing the government of wrongfully imprisoning Alfred Dreyfus and of antisemitism. * February 12 – The automobile belonging to Henry Lindfield of Brighton rolls out of control down a hill in Purley, London, England, and hits a tree; thus he becomes the world's first fatality from an automobile accident on a public highway. * February 15 – Spanish–American War: The USS ''Maine'' explodes and sinks in Havana Harbor, Cuba, for reasons never fully established, killing 266 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two-electron Atom
In atomic physics, a two-electron atom or helium-like ion is a quantum mechanical system consisting of one nucleus with a charge of ''Z e'' and just two electrons. This is the first case of many-electron systems where the Pauli exclusion principle plays a central role. It is an example of a three-body problem. The first few two-electron atoms are: Schrödinger equation The Schrödinger equation for any two-electron system, such as the neutral Helium atom (He, ''Z'' = 2), the negative Hydrogen ion (H−, ''Z'' = 1), or the positive Lithium ion (Li+, ''Z'' = 3) is:Physics of Atoms and Molecules, B.H. Bransden, C.J.Joachain, Longman, 1983, For a more rigorous mathematical derivation of Schrödinger's equation, see also. E\psi = -\hbar^2\left frac\left(\nabla_1^2 +\nabla_2^2 \right) + \frac \nabla_1 \cdot \nabla_2\right\psi + \frac\left \frac -Z\left( \frac + \frac \right) \right\psi where r1 is the position of one electron (''r''1 = , r1, is its magnitude), r2 is the position ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gunnerus Medal
The Gunnerus Medal ( no, Gunnerusmedaljen) is a medal awarded by the learned society Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. It was inaugurated in 1927, and named after Johan Ernst Gunnerus, founder of the learned society. Members of the learned society are eligible to suggest candidates, and the medal is awarded by the board of directors. Current bearers of the medal are Johannes Moe (since 1988), Stig Strömholm (1997), Olaf I. Rønning (1998), Jørn Sandnes (1999), Gunnar Sundnes (2001), Peder Johan Borgen (2003), Harald A. Øye (2004), Jens Glad Balchen (2006), Olav Smidsrød (2008) and Ivar Giaever Ivar Giaever ( no, Giæver, ; born April 5, 1929) is a Norwegian-American engineer and physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 with Leo Esaki and Brian Josephson "for their discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in solids". G ... (2010). Awardees References Academic awards Norwegian awards Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CERN
The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (; ; ), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world. Established in 1954, it is based in a northwestern suburb of Geneva, on the France–Switzerland border. It comprises 23 member states, and Israel (admitted in 2013) is currently the only non-European country holding full membership. CERN is an official United Nations General Assembly observer. The acronym CERN is also used to refer to the laboratory; in 2019, it had 2,660 scientific, technical, and administrative staff members, and hosted about 12,400 users from institutions in more than 70 countries. In 2016, CERN generated 49 petabytes of data. CERN's main function is to provide the particle accelerators and other infrastructure needed for high-energy physics research — consequently, numerous experiments have been constructed at CERN through international collaborations. CERN is the site of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Position (geometry)
In geometry, a position or position vector, also known as location vector or radius vector, is a Euclidean vector that represents the position of a point ''P'' in space in relation to an arbitrary reference origin ''O''. Usually denoted x, r, or s, it corresponds to the straight line segment from ''O'' to ''P''. In other words, it is the displacement or translation that maps the origin to ''P'': :\mathbf=\overrightarrow The term "position vector" is used mostly in the fields of differential geometry, mechanics and occasionally vector calculus. Frequently this is used in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space, but can be easily generalized to Euclidean spaces and affine spaces of any dimension.Keller, F. J, Gettys, W. E. et al. (1993), p 28–29 Relative position The relative position of a point ''Q'' with respect to point ''P'' is the Euclidean vector resulting from the subtraction of the two absolute position vectors (each with respect to the origin): :\Delta \mathbf=\ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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