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E2fsprogs
e2fsprogs (sometimes called the e2fs programs) is a set of utilities for maintaining the ext2, ext3 and ext4 file systems. Since those file systems are often the default for Linux distributions, it is commonly considered to be essential software. List of utilities Included with e2fsprogs, ordered by ASCIIbetical order, are: ; badblocks : search a device for bad blocks ;blkid : locate/print block device attributes ;chattr : change file attributes on a Linux file system ;debugfs : used to manually view or modify internal structures of the file system ;dumpe2fs : prints superblock and block group information. ;e2freefrag : report free space fragmentation information ;e2fsck : an fsck program that checks for and corrects inconsistencies ;e2image : save critical ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem metadata to a file ;e2label : change the label on an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem ;e2scrub : check a filesystem "online" (i.e. without having to unmount it) in the case where the filesystem is on an L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mkfs
In computer operating systems, mkfs is a command used to format a block storage device with a specific file system. The command is part of Unix and Unix-like operating systems. In Unix, a block storage device must be formatted with a file system before it can be mounted and accessed through the operating system's filesystem hierarchy. History The command was originally implemented in the first version of Unix as a method to initialize either a DECtape (using the "t" argument) or an RK03 disk pack (using the "r" argument). The initialization process would write formatting data to the device so that it contained an empty file system. It created the super-block, i-list, and free list on the storage device and established the root directory with entries for "." and ".." (self and parent, respectively). The RK03 disk packs had 4872 available blocks after initialization, while the tapes had 578 blocks (at 512 bytes/block). The mkfs executable was kept in the /etc directory instead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Badblocks
badblocks is a Linux utility to check for bad sectors on a disk drive. It can create a text file with a list of these sectors that can be used with other programs, like mkfs, so that they are not used in the future and thus do not cause data corruption. It is part of the e2fsprogs project, and a port is available for BSD operating systems. When run as a standalone program, badblocks gives a list of blocks with problems, if any. This makes it a good option for checking whether the disk drive is healthy, independent of SMART data and file system checks. e2fsck's "-c" option A more common use case is the invocation of badblocks as part of e2fsck when passing the option "-c" to scan for bad blocks and prevent data from being stored on these blocks. This is done by adding the list of found bad blocks to the bad block inode An inode (index node) is a data structure in a Unix-style file system that describes a file-system object such as a file or a directory. Each inode stores ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Ts'o
Theodore Yue Tak Ts'o (; born 1968) is an American software engineer mainly known for his contributions to the Linux kernel, in particular his contributions to file systems. He is the secondary developer and maintainer of e2fsprogs, the userspace utilities for the ext2, ext3, and ext4 filesystems, and is a maintainer for the ext4 file system. Biography Ts'o graduated from MIT with a degree in computer science in 1990, after which he worked in MIT's Information Systems (IS) department until 1999. During this time he was project leader of the Kerberos team. In 1994, Ts'o created the /dev/random Linux device node and the corresponding kernel driver, which was Linux's (and Unix's) first kernel interface that provided high-quality cryptographic random numbers to user programs. /dev/random works without access to a hardware random number generator, allowing user programs to depend upon its existence. Separate daemons such as rngd take random numbers from such hardware an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Software Programmed In C
Free may refer to: Concept * Freedom, the ability to act or change without constraint or restriction * Emancipate, attaining civil and political rights or equality * Free (''gratis''), free of charge * Gratis versus libre, the difference between the two common meanings of the adjective "free". Computing * Free (programming), a function that releases dynamically allocated memory for reuse * Free software, software usable and distributable with few restrictions and no payment *, an emoji in the Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement block. Mathematics * Free object ** Free abelian group ** Free algebra ** Free group ** Free module ** Free semigroup * Free variable People * Free (surname) * Free (rapper) (born 1968), or Free Marie, American rapper and media personality * Free, a pseudonym for the activist and writer Abbie Hoffman * Free (active 2003–), American musician in the band FreeSol Arts and media Film and television * ''Free'' (film), a 2001 American dram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parted
GNU Parted (from ''GNU Project, GNU partition editor'') is a Free software, free partition editor, used for creating and deleting Partition (computing), partitions. This is useful for creating space for new operating systems, reorganising hard disk usage, copying data between hard disks, and disk image, disk imaging. It was written by Andrew Clausen and Lennert Buytenhek. It consists of a Library (computing), library, libparted, and a Command-line interface, command-line Front-end and back-end, front-end, parted, that also serves as a reference implementation. , GNU Parted runs only under Linux and GNU/GNU Hurd, Hurd. Other front-ends Text-based nparted is the Newt (programming library), newt-based frontend to GNU Parted. Projects have started for an ncurses frontend, that also could be used in Windows (with GNUWin32 Ncurses). fatresize offers a command-line interface for FAT16/FAT32 non-destructive resize and uses the GNU Parted library. tparted is the Turbo Vision, TV/FV- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount (Unix)
In computing, mount is a command in various operating systems. Before a user can access a file on a Unix-like machine, the file system on the device which contains the file needs to be mounted with the mount command. Frequently mount is used for SD card, USB storage, DVD and other removable storage devices. The command is also available in the EFI shell. Overview The mount command instructs the operating system that a file system is ready to use, and associates it with a particular point in the overall file system hierarchy (its ''mount point'') and sets options relating to its access. Mounting makes file systems, files, directories, devices and special files available for use and available to the user. Its counterpart umount instructs the operating system that the file system should be disassociated from its mount point, making it no longer accessible and may be removed from the computer. It is important to umount a device before removing it since changes to files may have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mkisofs
cdrtools (formerly known as cdrecord) is a collection of independent projects of free software/open source computer programs for CD and DVD authoring. The project was maintained for over two decades by Jörg Schilling, who died on October 10, 2021. Because of some licensing issues, there is also a Debian fork of an older version of cdrtools called cdrkit. Features The most important parts of the package are cdrecord, a console-based burning program; cdda2wav, a CD audio ripper that uses libparanoia; and mkisofs, a CD/DVD/BD/UDF/HFS filesystem image creator. As these tools do not include any GUI, many graphical front-ends have been created. The collection includes many features for CD, DVD and Blu-ray disc writing such as: * creation of audio, data, and mixed (audio and data) CDs * burning CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD+R, DVD+RW, dual layer DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs * support for Track-At-Once and Disc-At-Once recording modes * cue sheet file format support, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fdisk
fdisk is a command-line utility for disk partitioning. It has been part of DOS, DR FlexOS, IBM OS/2, and early versions of Microsoft Windows, as well as certain ports of FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFly BSD and macOS for compatibility reasons. Windows 2000 and its successors have replaced fdisk with a more advanced tool called diskpart. Implementations DOS IBM introduced the first version of fdisk (officially dubbed "Fixed Disk Setup Program") in March 1983, with the release of the IBM PC/XT computer (the first PC to store data on a hard disk) and the IBM PC DOS 2.0 operating system. fdisk version 1.0 can create one FAT12 partition, delete it, change the active partition, or display partition data. fdisk writes the master boot record, which supports up to four partitions. The other three were intended for other operating systems such as CP/M-86 and Xenix, which were expected to have their own partitioning utilities. Microsoft first added fdisk to MS-DOS in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dd (Unix)
dd is shell command for reading, writing and converting file data. Originally developed for Unix, it has been implemented on many other environments including Unix-like operating systems, Windows, Plan 9 and Inferno. The command can be used for many purposes. For relatively simple copying operations, it tends to be slower than domain-specific alternatives, but it excels at overwriting or truncating a file at any point or seeking in a file. The command supports reading and writing files, and if a driver is available to support file-like access, the command can access devices too. Such access is typically supported on Unix-based systems that provide file-like access to devices (such as storage) and special device files (such as /dev/zero and /dev/random). Therefore, the command can be used for tasks such as backing up the boot sector of a drive, and obtaining random data. The command can also support converting data while copying; including byte order swapping and conve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darwin (operating System)
Darwin is the core Unix-like operating system of macOS, iOS, watchOS, tvOS, iPadOS, audioOS, visionOS, and bridgeOS. It previously existed as an independent open-source software, open-source operating system, first released by Apple Inc. in 2000. It is composed of code derived from NeXTSTEP, FreeBSD and other BSD operating systems, Mach (kernel), Mach, and other free software projects' code, as well as code developed by Apple. Darwin's unofficial mascot is Hexley the Platypus. Darwin is mostly POSIX-compatible, but has never, by itself, been certified as compatible with any version of POSIX. Starting with Mac OS X Leopard, Leopard, macOS has been certified as compatible with the Single UNIX Specification version 3 (SUSv3). History The heritage of Darwin began with Unix derivatives supplemented by aspects of NeXT's NeXTSTEP operating system (later, since version 4.0, known as OPENSTEP), first released in 1989. After Apple bought NeXT in 1996, it announced it would base its nex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FreeBSD
FreeBSD is a free-software Unix-like operating system descended from the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). The first version was released in 1993 developed from 386BSD, one of the first fully functional and free Unix clones on affordable home-class hardware, and has since continuously been the most commonly used BSD-derived operating system. FreeBSD maintains a complete system, delivering a kernel, device drivers, userland utilities, and documentation, as opposed to Linux only delivering a kernel and drivers, and relying on third-parties such as GNU for system software. The FreeBSD source code is generally released under a permissive BSD license, as opposed to the copyleft GPL used by Linux. The project includes a security team overseeing all software shipped in the base distribution. Third-party applications may be installed using the pkg package management system or from source via FreeBSD Ports. The project is supported and promoted by the FreeBSD Foundation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
