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Extended Area Service
Extended area service (EAS) is a telecommunication service by which telephone calls to certain points beyond the local calling area are not charged or not detail-billed. If the service is subscribed by a customer, other customers have no access to the benefit and are billed standard long-distance charges. The service may also be mandated for regulatory or technical reasons, and has been used in communities split by NPA boundaries when central office code protection was not available. The service may be flat rate, metered, or message-based. The dialing procedures for extended area service are identical to other local calls to avoid customer confusion and the additional cost of implementing switching changes for the service. The service implementation provided ambiguity and confusion in areas were long-distance calls had to be dialed by prefixing with the digit ''1''. In such cases AT&T recommended to rename the service as ''Expanded Metropolitan Area Calling'', to avoid the term '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telecommunication
Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. It has its origin in the desire of humans for communication over a distance greater than that feasible with the human voice, but with a similar scale of expediency; thus, slow systems (such as postal mail) are excluded from the field. The transmission media in telecommunication have evolved through numerous stages of technology, from beacons and other visual signals (such as smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs), to electrical cable and electromagnetic radiation, including light. Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels, which afford the advantages of multiplexing multiple concurrent communication sessions. ''Telecommunication'' is often used in its plural form. Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages, such as coded drumb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Office Code Protection
In the administration of the North American Numbering Plan, central office code protection is a numbering policy for maintaining local seven-digit dialing in communities that extend on both sides of the boundary line between multiple numbering plan areas (NPAs), such as in cross-border towns on state lines. Code protection prevents the use of the same telephone number on both sides by not assigning the same central office code of one NPA in the adjacent NPA.AT&T (1980), ''Notes on the Network'', p.2-4 Central office code protection was once common in communities on provincial or state boundary lines. It has been declining in use as inefficient allocation of numbering resources to the growing number of competitive local exchange carriers has caused depletion of available number prefixes, often requiring ten-digit dialing, ten-digit local calls and overlay plans where multiple area codes serve the same geographic location. Despite its advantages where a community of interest reaches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat Rate
A flat fee, also referred to as a flat rate or a linear rate refers to a pricing structure that charges a single fixed fee for a service, regardless of usage. Less commonly, the term may refer to a rate that does not vary with usage or time of use. Advantages * A business can develop a dependable stance in a market, as consumers have a well-rounded price before the service is undertaken. For instance, a technician may charge $150 for his labor. * Potential costs can be covered. The service may result in inevitable expenses like the parts needed to fix the issue or the items required to complete the order. * No restricted structure is needed, as the pricing system can be adjusted to suit the business using it. Management can thus work out the pricing that best matches the company's objectives, efforts, costs, etc. Disadvantages * The fixed pricing restricts the company's capability to meet the needs of individual consumers, and people search for cheaper alternatives. * Pricing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching , is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canadian Radio-television And Telecommunications Commission
The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC; french: Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes, links=) is a public organization in Canada with mandate as a regulatory agency for broadcasting and telecommunications. It was created in 1976 when it took over responsibility for regulating telecommunication carriers. Prior to 1976, it was known as the Canadian Radio and Television Commission, which was established in 1968 by the Parliament of Canada to replace the Board of Broadcast Governors. Its headquarters is located in the Central Building (Édifice central) of Les Terrasses de la Chaudière in Gatineau, Quebec. History The CRTC was originally known as the Canadian Radio-Television Commission. In 1976, jurisdiction over telecommunications services, most of which were then delivered by monopoly common carriers (for example, telephone companies), was transferred to it from the Canadian Transport Commission although the abbrev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toll-free Telephone Number
A toll-free telephone number or freephone number is a telephone number that is billed for all arriving calls. For the calling party, a call to a toll-free number from a landline is free of charge. A toll-free number is identified by a dialing prefix similar to an area code. The specific service access varies by country. History The features of toll-free services have evolved as telephone networks have evolved from electro-mechanical call switching to computerized stored program controlled networks. Originally, a call billed to the called party had to be placed through a telephone company operator as a collect call, often long-distance. The operator had to secure acceptance of the charges at the remote number, or even transfer that decision to a long-distance operator, before manually completing the call. Some large businesses and government offices received large numbers of collect calls, which proved time-consuming for operators and the callers. Manual toll-free systems Prior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London, Ontario
London (pronounced ) is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada, along the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor. The city had a population of 422,324 according to the 2021 Canadian census. London is at the confluence of the Thames River, approximately from both Toronto and Detroit; and about from Buffalo, New York. The city of London is politically separate from Middlesex County, though it remains the county seat. London and the Thames were named in 1793 by John Graves Simcoe, who proposed the site for the capital city of Upper Canada. The first European settlement was between 1801 and 1804 by Peter Hagerman. The village was founded in 1826 and incorporated in 1855. Since then, London has grown to be the largest southwestern Ontario municipality and Canada's 11th largest metropolitan area, having annexed many of the smaller communities that surround it. London is a regional centre of healthcare and education, being home to the University of Western Ontario (which brands it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweet Grass, Montana
Sweet Grass (also Sweetgrass) is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Toole County, Montana, United States, on the Canada–US border. It is the northern terminus of Interstate 15, an important route connecting western Canada, the western United States, and Mexico. The population was 65 according to the 2020 census. In 2004, a joint border facility opened at the Sweetgrass port of entry and Coutts, Alberta, housing both Canadian and American federal authorities. At in elevation, it is one of the higher border crossings. Fire service is provided through the volunteer fire department in Coutts. Demographics Climate Sweet Grass has a semi-arid climate (Köppen ''BSk'') that closely borders a humid continental climate (Köppen ''Dwb''). Notable people * Earl W. Bascom (1906-1995), "Father of Modern Rodeo" and Hall of Fame Cowboy, artist, sculptor, actor, inventor, cowboyed in the 1920s on a ranch on Kicking Horse Creek once owned by his cousin C.M. Rus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coutts, Alberta
Coutts ( ) is a village in southern Alberta, Canada that is a port of entry into the U.S. state of Montana. It is one of the busiest ports of entry on the Canada–United States border in western Canada. It connects Highway 4 to Interstate 15, an important trade route (CANAMEX Corridor) between Alberta, American states along I-15, and Mexico. The community has the name of William Burdett-Coutts, a railroad official. In 2004, a joint border facility opened in Coutts– Sweet Grass, Montana, housing both Canadian and American federal authorities. History In February 2022, four men were arrested on allegations that they conspired to kill Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers. The arrests occurred during the Canada convoy protest in Coutts. According to police, the plot was part of a wider plan to alter "Canada's political, justice and medical systems." In December 2022, Coutts was described by CTV News as a "village divided" as residents identified as supporting or o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stewart, British Columbia
Stewart is a district municipality at the head of the Portland Canal in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, near the Alaskan panhandle. In 2011, its population was about 494. History The Nisga'a, who live around the Nass River, called the head of Portland Canal , meaning "safe house" or "strong house", probably because it served them as a retreat from the harassment of the Haida and Tlingit from the outer coast. They travelled in the area seasonally to pick berries and hunt birds. It and the rest of the Portland Canal had previously been the domain of the Tsetsaut people, also called the Skam-a-Kounst Indians, or in Nisga'a, an Athapaskan people who became decimated by war and disease and were driven out of the Stewart area by either Haida or Nisga'a in 1856–57. The Portland Canal was first explored and named in July 1793 by Captain George Vancouver in honour of William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland (1738–1808), Home Secretary from 1794 to 1801. Vancouver me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyder, Alaska
Hyder is a census-designated place in Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area, Alaska, United States. The population was 87 at the 2010 census, down from 97 in 2000. Hyder is accessible by road only from Stewart, British Columbia, is popular with motorists wishing to visit Alaska without driving the length of the Alaska Highway, and is otherwise landlocked. It is the southernmost community in the state that can be reached via car (others can be reached only by boat or plane). Hyder is Alaska's easternmost town. Geography Hyder is located at (55.941442, -130.054504), at the end of the land border between Alaska and British Columbia and at the head of the Portland Canal, a long fjord which forms a portion of the border at the southeastern edge of the Alaska Panhandle. It sits about from Stewart, British Columbia by road, and from Ketchikan by air. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land. Climate Hyder has a fairly typical Southeastern Alask ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
