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Eurycheilichthys
''Eurycheilichthys'' is a small genus of armored catfishes native to South America. Taxonomy ''Eurycheilus pantherinus'' was first described in 1992 by Roberto Esser dos Reis and Scott A. Schaefer. However, ''Eurycheilus'' was preoccupied in fossil cephalopods, and therefore was replaced by ''Eurycheilichthys'' in 1993. ''E. limulus'' was described in 1998. ''Eurycheilichthys'' together with ''Pseudotocinclus'', '' Microlepidogaster'', '' Schizolecis'', '' Otothyris'' and '' Pseudotothyris'' form a clade whose sister group is '' Epactionotus''. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * '' Eurycheilichthys limulus'' Reis & Schaefer, 1998 * '' Eurycheilichthys pantherinus'' (Reis & Schaefer, 1992) Distribution Both species in this genus are endemic to Brazil. Description The two species of ''Eurycheilichthys'' are similar. The trunk and caudal peduncle are round in cross section. Males have a fleshy flap along the posterior margin of the thickened ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurycheilichthys Pantherinus
''Eurycheilichthys pantherinus'' is a species of armored catfish from the upper and middle Uruguay River basin in Brazil and Argentina. It inhabits shady, fast-flowing, shallow water, ranging from approximately 200–500 metres in elevation The elevation of a geographic location is its height above or below a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic datum § Vert .... The substratum is predominantly stones, with little or no macrophytes. This species grows to a length of SL. References *Azpelicueta, M. & S. Koerber (2014): First record of the hypoptopomatine genus Eurycheilichthys Reis & Schaefer, 1993 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from Argentina. Checklist 10 (5): 1210-1212 Otothyrinae Catfish of South America Freshwater fish of Argentina Freshwater fish of Brazil Taxa named by Roberto Esser dos Reis Taxa named by Scott Allen Schaefe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurycheilichthys Limulus
''Eurycheilichthys limulus'' is a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil, where it is found in the upper Jacuí River The Jacuí River () is a river in Rio Grande do Sul state of southern Brazil. The Jacuí empties into the Guaíba River, an estuarine arm of the Lagoa dos Patos, a large coastal lagoon connected to the Atlantic Ocean. Sources The Jacuí River, ... basin. The habitat at the type locality of ''E. limulus'' is a small river about 3–5 metres wide with moderate water current, bottom comprising some rocks but mostly sand and a large amount of marginal vegetation. These fishes live among leaves and stalks. This species grows to a length of SL. References Otothyrinae Catfish of South America Freshwater fish of Brazil Endemic fauna of Brazil Taxa named by Roberto Esser dos Reis Taxa named by Scott Allen Schaefer Fish described in 1998 {{Loricariidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epactionotus
''Epactionotus'' is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America. Taxonomy ''Epactionotus'' was first described in 1998 by Roberto E. Reis and Scott A. Schaefer, as including three species. ''Epactionotus'' is part of the tribe Otothyrini within the subfamily Hypoptopomatini. ''Epactionotus'' is sister to a clade including ''Eurycheilichthys'', ''Pseudotocinclus'', ''Microlepidogaster'', '' Schizolecis'', ''Otothyris'', and ''Pseudotothyris''. ''E. yasi'' was described in 2004. Species These are the currently recognized species in this genus: * '' Epactionotus advenus'' Maria Laura S. Delapieve, Tiago P. Carvalho and R. E. dos Reis, 2020Delapieve, M. L. S., Carvalho, T. P., & Reis, R. E. (2020). Species delimitation in a range‐restricted group of cascudinhos (Loricariidae: Epactionotus ) supports morphological and genetic differentiation across coastal rivers of southern Brazil. Journal of Fish Biology, 97(6), 1748–1769. doi:10.1111/jfb.14538 * '' Epactionotu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor. ) In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology. Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals. Etymology The word —coined by German entomologist Willi Hennig—is derived from the Ancient Greek words (''sún''), meaning "with, together"; (''apó''), meaning "away from"; and (''morphḗ''), meaning "shape, form". Clade analysis T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor. ) In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology. Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals. Etymology The word —coined by German entomologist Willi Hennig—is derived from the Ancient Greek words (''sún''), meaning "with, together"; (''apó''), meaning "away from"; and (''morphḗ''), meaning "shape, form". Clade analysis T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbel (anatomy)
In fish anatomy and turtle anatomy, a barbel is a slender, whiskerlike sensory organ near the mouth. Fish that have barbels include the catfish, the carp, the goatfish, the hagfish, the sturgeon, the zebrafish, the black dragonfish and some species of shark such as the sawshark. Barbels house the taste buds of such fish and are used to search for food in murky water. The word "barbel" comes from the Middle Latin ''barbula'', for "little beard." Barbels are sometimes erroneously referred to as '' barbs'', which are found in bird feathers for flight. Barbels may be located in a variety of locations on the head of a fish. "Maxillary barbels" refers to barbels on either side of the mouth. Barbels may also be nasal, extending from the nostrils. Also, barbels are often mandibular or mental, being located on the chin. In fish, barbels can take the form of small, fleshy protrusions or long, cylindrical shaped extensions of the head of a fish. The cylindrical barbel shapes are bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilla (fish Mouth Structure)
The papilla, in certain kinds of fish, particularly rays, sharks, and catfish, are small lumps of dermal tissue found in the mouth, where they are "distributed uniformly on the tongue, palate, and pharynx".B. G. Kapoor, H. E. Evans, E. A. Pevzner "The gustatory system in fish" in ''Advances in Marine Biology, Volume 13'' (1976), F. S. Russell, Maurice Yonge (eds). They "project slightly above the surrounding multi-layered epithelium", and the taste buds of the fish are "situated along the crest or at the apex of the papillae". Unlike humans, fish have little or nothing in the way of a tongue The tongue is a muscular organ (anatomy), organ in the mouth of a typical tetrapod. It manipulates food for mastication and swallowing as part of the digestive system, digestive process, and is the primary organ of taste. The tongue's upper surfa ..., and those that have such an organ do not use it for tasting, but merely for cushioning the mouth and manipulating things within it. The papill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pectoral Fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as seen in sharks. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles. Their principal function is to help the fish swim. Fins located in different places on the fish serve different purposes such as moving forward, turning, keeping an upright position or stopping. Most fish use fins when swimming, flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding, and frogfish use them for crawling. Fins can also be used for other purposes; male sharks and mosquitofish use a modified fin to deliver sperm, thresher sharks use their caudal fin to stun prey, reef stonefish have spines in their dorsal fins that inject venom, anglerfish use the first spine of their dorsal fin like a fishing rod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odontode
Odontodes, or dermal teeth, are hard structures found on the external surfaces of animals or near internal openings. They consist of a soft pulp surrounded by dentine and covered by a mineralized substance such as enamel, a structure similar to that of teeth. They generally do not have the same function as teeth, and are not replaced the same way teeth are in most fish. In some animals (notably catfish), the presence or size of odontodes can be used in determining the sex. Odontodes typically cover the body of chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fishes), while mineralized dermal scales are characteristic of bony fishes. During the evolution to bony fishes, ancestral odontodes have been modified to become dermal scales, including elasmoid scales in teleosteans. Etymology The name comes from the Greek "''odous, gen. The Book of Genesis (from Greek language, Greek ; Hebrew language, Hebrew: בְּרֵאשִׁית ''Bəreʾšīt'', "In hebeginning") is the first book of the Hebrew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adipose Fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as seen in sharks. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles. Their principal function is to help the fish swim. Fins located in different places on the fish serve different purposes such as moving forward, turning, keeping an upright position or stopping. Most fish use fins when swimming, flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding, and frogfish use them for crawling. Fins can also be used for other purposes; male sharks and mosquitofish use a modified fin to deliver sperm, thresher sharks use their caudal fin to stun prey, reef stonefish have spines in their dorsal fins that inject venom, anglerfish use the first spine of their dorsal fin like a fishing rod to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorsal Fin
A dorsal fin is a fin located on the back of most marine and freshwater vertebrates within various taxa of the animal kingdom. Many species of animals possessing dorsal fins are not particularly closely related to each other, though through convergent evolution they have independently evolved external superficial fish-like body plans adapted to their marine environments, including most numerously fish, but also mammals such as cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises), and even extinct ancient marine reptiles such as various known species of ichthyosaurs. Most species have only one dorsal fin, but some have two or three. Wildlife biologists often use the distinctive nicks and wear patterns which develop on the dorsal fins of large cetaceans to identify individuals in the field. The bony or cartilaginous bones that support the base of the dorsal fin in fish are called ''pterygiophores''. Functions The main purpose of the dorsal fin is to stabilize the animal against rollin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelvic Fin
Pelvic fins or ventral fins are paired fins located on the ventral surface of fish. The paired pelvic fins are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods. Structure and function Structure In actinopterygians, the pelvic fin consists of two endochondrally-derived bony girdles attached to bony radials. Dermal fin rays (lepidotrichia) are positioned distally from the radials. There are three pairs of muscles each on the dorsal and ventral side of the pelvic fin girdle that abduct and adduct the fin from the body. Pelvic fin structures can be extremely specialized in actinopterygians. Gobiids and lumpsuckers modify their pelvic fins into a sucker disk that allow them to adhere to the substrate or climb structures, such as waterfalls. In priapiumfish, males have modified their pelvic structures into a spiny copulatory device that grasps the female during mating. File:Pelvic fin skeleton.png, Pelvic fin skeleton for ''Danio rerio'', zebrafish. File:Zuignap waarmee de zwartbekgrond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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