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Escort Group B7
Escort Group B7 was a British formation of the Royal Navy which saw action during the Second World War; principally in the Battle of the Atlantic. Formation Escort Group B7 was one of seven such British naval groups which served with the Mid-Ocean Escort Force (MOEF). It provided convoy protection in the most dangerous midsection of the North Atlantic route. The MOEF was originally to be five American, five British and four Canadian groups. B7 was formed in the spring of 1942, following the inability of the USN to form groups A-4 and A-5 due to other commitments. To replace them, two new escort groups, B6 and B7, were formed. Service history Led by , under the leadership of Commander William Banks, B7 comprised six s; from the disbanded American group A-5, and , , , and . These were joined later by the destroyers HMS ''Chesterfield'' and ''Ripley''. B7's first convoys, in the spring of 1942, were uneventful, and as the pace of the Battle of the Atlantic hotted up in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of World War II Convoys
This is a List of Allied convoys during World War II by region. European Coastal Atlantic convoys North Atlantic convoys North American coastal and Caribbean convoys Mediterranean and North African coastal convoys South Atlantic convoys Indian Ocean convoys Pacific convoys Normandy invasion convoys References * {{World War II, state=collapsed 01 Allied convoy by region . . . . . . . Battle of the Atlantic Allied convoys during World War II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Normandy Invasion
Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation was launched on 6 June 1944 (D-Day) with the Normandy landings. A 1,200-plane airborne assault preceded an amphibious assault involving more than 5,000 vessels. Nearly 160,000 troops crossed the English Channel on 6 June, and more than two million Allied troops were in France by the end of August. The decision to undertake a cross-channel invasion in 1944 was taken at the Trident Conference in Washington in May 1943. General Dwight D. Eisenhower was appointed commander of Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force, and General Bernard Montgomery was named commander of the 21st Army Group, which comprised all the land forces involved in the invasion. The coast of Normandy of northwestern France was chosen as the site of the invasion, with the Americans assigned to land at sectors cod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Neptune
Operation or Operations may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Operation'' (game), a battery-operated board game that challenges dexterity * Operation (music), a term used in musical set theory * ''Operations'' (magazine), Multi-Man Publishing's house organ for articles and discussion about its wargaming products * ''The Operation'' (film), a 1973 British television film * ''The Operation'' (1990), a crime, drama, TV movie starring Joe Penny, Lisa Hartman, and Jason Beghe * ''The Operation'' (1992–1998), a reality television series from TLC * The Operation M.D., formerly The Operation, a Canadian garage rock band * "Operation", a song by Relient K from '' The Creepy EP'', 2001 Business * Business operations, the harvesting of value from assets owned by a business * Manufacturing operations, operation of a facility * Operations management, an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production Military and law enforcement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convoy ON 207
ON 207 was a North Atlantic convoy of the ONS/ON series which ran during the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II. It was the subject of a major U-boat attack in October 1943, the fourth battle in the German autumn offensive. Background Still believing their new weapons and tactics gave them an advantage, despite the losses suffered by wolfpack ''Schlieffen'' and unaware of the poor results achieved during its attack on convoys ONS 20 and ON 206, Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote (BdU) re-organized the boats then in the North Atlantic into patrol line ''Siegfried'' to continue the offensive. The next convoy subjected to an attack was ON 207. Protagonists ON 207 departed Liverpool on 18 October 1943, bound for New York. Composed of 52 ships it was escorted by Canadian escort group C-1, which comprised 3 destroyers; (Cdr JA Burnett as Senior Officer Escort), HMCS ''St Laurent'' and , frigate and 3 corvettes; , and . The escort was augmented by the escort carrier , with 3 s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convoys ONS 20/ON 206
ONS 20 and ON 206 were North Atlantic convoys of the ONS/ON series which ran during the battle of the Atlantic in World War II. They were the subject of a major U-boat attack in October 1943, the third battle in the ''Kriegsmarine''s autumn offensive. Background Despite the losses suffered by ''Rossbach'' and poor results achieved during its attack on SC 143, and still believing their new weapons and tactics gave them an advantage, BdU (''Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote'' Commander of the Submarines) re-organized the boats then in the North Atlantic into patrol line ''Schlieffen'' with the intention of intercepting the expected west-bound convoys. These were ONS 20 and ON 206. Ships involved ONS 20 departed Liverpool on 9 October 1943. Composed of 52 ships it was bound for Halifax, and was escorted by B-4 escort group, which comprised 6 destroyer escorts led by HMS ''Bentinck'' (Cdr HR Paramor as Senior Officer Escort). ON 206 departed Liverpool on 11 October 1943; Compo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Support Group
In a support group, members provide each other with various types of help, usually nonprofessional and nonmaterial, for a particular shared, usually burdensome, characteristic. Members with the same issues can come together for sharing coping strategies, to feel more empowered and for a sense of community. The help may take the form of providing and evaluating relevant information, relating personal experiences, listening to and accepting others' experiences, providing sympathetic understanding and establishing social networks. A support group may also work to inform the public or engage in advocacy. History Formal support groups may appear to be a modern phenomenon, but they supplement traditional fraternal organizations such as Freemasonry in some respects, and may build on certain supportive functions (formerly) carried out in (extended) families. Other types of groups formed to support causes, including causes outside of themselves, are more often called ''advocacy groups'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black May (1943)
Black May refers to a period (May 1943) in the Battle of the Atlantic campaign during World War II, when the German U-boat arm (''U-Bootwaffe'') suffered high casualties with fewer Allied ships sunk; it is considered a turning point in the Battle of the Atlantic. Background After February battles around convoys SC 118, ON 166, and UC 1, Black May was the culmination of the March-May 1943 crisis in the Battle of the Atlantic. March The U-boat offensive reached its peak in March, with a series of major convoy battles, first around convoys HX 228, SC 121, and UGS 6; then followed the battle for HX 229/SC 122, the largest convoy battle of the war. Allied losses for March totalled 120 ships of , of which 82 () were lost in the Atlantic. The German U-boat arm (''U-Bootwaffe'') (UBW) lost 12 U-boats during this time. A Royal Navy report later concluded that "The Germans never came so near to disrupting communications between the New World and the Old as in the first twenty d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
U-boat Arm
The (, ) was the navy of Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The was one of three official branches, along with the and the , of the , the German armed forces from 1935 to 1945. In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, the grew rapidly during German naval rearmament in the 1930s. The 1919 treaty had limited the size of the German navy and prohibited the building of submarines. ships were deployed to the waters around Spain during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) under the guise of enforcing non-intervention, but in reality supported the Nationalists against the Spanish Republicans. In January 1939, Plan Z, a massive shipbuilding program, was ordered, calling for surface naval parity with the British Royal Navy by 1944. When World War II broke out in September 1939, Plan Z was shelved in favour of a crash building program for submarines (U-boats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convoy SC 130
Convoy SC 130 was a North Atlantic convoy which ran during the battle of the Atlantic in World War II. It was the 130th of the numbered series of Slow Convoys of merchant ships from Sydney, Cape Breton Island to Liverpool. SC 130 was one of several convoy battles that occurred during the crisis month of May 1943. Background SC 130, comprising thirty-seven ships, departed Halifax Harbour on 11 May 1943 in the care of a Western Local Escort Force, led by RCN destroyer . The Convoy Commodore was HC Forsyth in the freighter ''Sheaf Holme''. They were met on 15 May by Mid-Ocean Escort Force Group B-7, led by Commander Peter Gretton in the D-class leader and consisting of the , the , and s , , , and two armed trawlers. As B-7 was one vessel short for the voyage, the corvette was seconded from the local group for the crossing. SC 130 also included two oilers for mid-ocean re-fueling and re-arming, and the convoy rescue ship ''Zamalek''. Ranged against them were 25 U-boat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frigate
A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and maneuverability, intended to be used in scouting, escort and patrol roles. The term was applied loosely to ships varying greatly in design. In the second quarter of the 18th century, the 'true frigate' was developed in France. This type of vessel was characterised by possessing only one armed deck, with an unarmed deck below it used for berthing the crew. Late in the 19th century (British and French prototypes were constructed in 1858), armoured frigates were developed as powerful ironclad warships, the term frigate was used because of their single gun deck. Later developments in ironclad ships rendered the frigate designation obsolete and the term fell out of favour. During the Second World War the name 'frigate' was reintroduced to des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Duncan
__NOTOC__ Seven Royal Navy ships have been named HMS ''Duncan'', after Admiral Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan of Camperdown, hero of the Battle of Camperdown. * Carron (1792 ship), HMS ''Duncan'' (1804) was the mercantile ''Carron'', launched at Bombay Dockyard in 1792. She made three voyages from India to Britain for the British East India Company between 4 November 1795 and 17 June 1801. The Royal Navy purchased her in 1804 for service as a fifth rate and renamed her HMS ''Dover'' in 1807. She was wrecked off Madras in 1811.Hackman (2001), p.227. * was a 74-gun third-rate launched in 1811, reduced to harbour service in 1826, and broken up 1863. * was a 101-gun screw-propelled first-rate launched in 1859, employed on harbour service as HMS ''Pembroke'' in 1890, renamed HMS ''Tenedos'' in 1905, and sold in 1910. * , launched in 1901, was a that saw action against German installations on the Belgian coast in World War I and was sold in 1920. * was a C and D-class destroyer, D-c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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