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Epinine
Deoxyepinephrine, also known by the common names ''N''-methyldopamine and epinine, is an organic compound and natural product that is structurally related to the important neurotransmitters dopamine and epinephrine. All three of these compounds also belong to the catecholamine family. The pharmacology of epinine largely resembles that of its "parent", dopamine. Epinine has been found in plants, insects and animals. It is also of significance as the active metabolic breakdown product of the prodrug ibopamine, which has been used to treat congestive heart failure. Occurrence Epinine does not seem to occur widely, but it is present as a minor alkaloid in some plants, such as the peyote cactus, ''Lophophora williamsii'', and a species of ''Acacia'', as well as in Scotch Broom, '' Cytisus scoparius''. This compound has also been isolated from the adrenal medulla of pigs and cows, and from the toad, ''Bufo marinus''. It has also been detected in the locust, ''Locusta migratoria''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibopamine
Ibopamine is a sympathomimetic drug, designed as a prodrug of epinine (deoxyepinephrine or ''N''-methyldopamine), used in ophthalmology. It induces mydriasis. It also has been investigated for use in the treatment of congestive heart failure. It acts on D1 and α-adrenergic receptors as an agonist An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an antagonist blocks the action of the ago .... Ibopamine was first prepared by Casagrande and co-workers. Instilled at 2% concentration, ibopamine exhibits several functions at ocular level such as pre- and post-operative mydriatic activity, D1 dopaminergic activity, etc. Pharmacokinetics Due to the esterases existing in the aqueous humour and ocular tissues, ibopamine can be rapidly hydrolysed to epinine which is the active molecule responsible for the mydriatic effect. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |