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Empress Ma (Northern Han)
Empress Ma or Empress Dowager Ma may refer to: * Empress Ma (Han dynasty) (40–79), empress of Emperor Ming of Han, empress dowager during Emperor Zhang's reign * Empress Dowager Ma (Former Liang) (died 362), mother of Zhang Chonghua * Empress Ma (Southern Han) (died 935), empress of Liu Yan (Emperor Gaozu of Southern Han) * Empress Ma (Northern Han), empress of Liu Jiyuan (Emperor Yingwudi of Northern Han The Northern Han () was a dynastic state of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Liu Min (), formerly known as Liu Chong (), and lasted from 951 to 979. Founding of the Northern Han The short-lived state of Later Ha ...) * Empress Ma (Hongwu) (1332–1382), empress of the Hongwu Emperor * Empress Ma (Jianwen) (1378–1402), empress of the Jianwen Emperor * Empress Dowager Ma (Southern Ming) (1578–1669), mother of Zhu Youlang {{disambiguation, tndis Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Ma (Han Dynasty)
Empress Ma (馬皇后, personal name unknown) (late 30s – August 16, 79), formally Empress Mingde (明德皇后, literally, "the understanding and virtuous empress"), was an empress during the Eastern Han Dynasty from 8 April 60According to Emperor Ming's biography in ''Book of the Later Han'', Lady Ma was made empress on the ''jiazi'' day of the 2nd month of the 3rd year of the ''Yongping'' era of his reign. This corresponds to 8 Apr 60 in the Julian calendar. (永平三年二月)甲子，立贵人马氏为皇后.) ''Houhanshu'', vol.02 until 75, then empress dowager from that year till her death. Her husband was Emperor Ming of Han. Family background and marriage to Crown Prince Zhuang In 40, the eventual Empress Ma was born to Emperor Guangwu's General Ma Yuan, known for his expeditions against Vietnamese rebellions and his exhortations on personal living, and his wife Lady Lin (藺夫人). Ma was a marquess, and Lady Ma was therefore born into comfort and wealth, as a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Dowager Ma (Former Liang)
Princess Dowager Ma (馬太后, personal name unknown; died 362) was the mother of the Chinese state Former Liang's ruler Zhang Chonghua. She was a concubine of Zhang Chonghua's father Zhang Jun. Life Nothing is known about Lady Ma's acts during Zhang Jun's reign, other than her status as his heir apparent's mother. This implies that Zhang Jun's wife Princess Yan had no sons. After Zhang Jun's death in 346, Zhang Chonghua succeeded him and honored her as "Empress Dowager" while honoring Princess Yan as "Grand Empress Dowager." After Zhang Chonghua died in 353, his son Zhang Yaoling carried the Jin Dynasty (266–420)-created title Duke of Xiping and was the titular ruler, but actual power was in Empress Dowager Ma's and Zhang Chonghua's older brother Zhang Zuo's hands. Most historians believed that she had an affair with Zhang Zuo, and later that year, she deposed Zhang Yaoling and replaced him with Zhang Zuo. In 355, however, the overly extravagant and cruel Zhang Zuo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Ma (Southern Han)
Empress Ma (馬皇后, personal name unknown) (died January 22, 935''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 279. Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter) was the only known empress of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Southern Han. She was the wife of Southern Han's founding emperor Liu Yan (Emperor Gaozu), and the daughter of Ma Yin (Prince Wumu), the prince of Southern Han's northern neighbor Chu. Background It is not known when the future Empress Ma was born. Further, while she was known to be a daughter of Ma Yin's, no historical record indicated who her mother was. In 913, Liu Yan, who was then formally a Later Liang vassal (as Ma Yin was as well) as the military governor (''Jiedushi'') of Qinghai Circuit (清海, headquartered in modern Guangzhou, Guangdong), sent emissaries to Ma Yin, asking to marry a daughter of his. Ma Yin agreed.''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 268. In 915, Liu sent emissaries to Chu to welcome her; Ma Yin, in turn, sent his broth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Ma (Northern Han)
Empress Ma or Empress Dowager Ma may refer to: * Empress Ma (Han dynasty) (40–79), empress of Emperor Ming of Han, empress dowager during Emperor Zhang's reign * Empress Dowager Ma (Former Liang) (died 362), mother of Zhang Chonghua * Empress Ma (Southern Han) (died 935), empress of Liu Yan (Emperor Gaozu of Southern Han) * Empress Ma (Northern Han), empress of Liu Jiyuan (Emperor Yingwudi of Northern Han The Northern Han () was a dynastic state of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Liu Min (), formerly known as Liu Chong (), and lasted from 951 to 979. Founding of the Northern Han The short-lived state of Later Ha ...) * Empress Ma (Hongwu) (1332–1382), empress of the Hongwu Emperor * Empress Ma (Jianwen) (1378–1402), empress of the Jianwen Emperor * Empress Dowager Ma (Southern Ming) (1578–1669), mother of Zhu Youlang {{disambiguation, tndis Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Han
The Northern Han () was a dynastic state of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Liu Min (), formerly known as Liu Chong (), and lasted from 951 to 979. Founding of the Northern Han The short-lived state of Later Han fell in 950 because of Guo Wei, a powerful military governor's ''de facto'' coup. Liu Min founded the Northern Han Kingdom, sometimes referred to as the Eastern Han, in 951 claiming that he was the legitimate heir to the imperial throne of Later Han. Liu Min immediately restored the traditional relationship with the Khitans, who had founded the Liao dynasty. Sources conflict as to the origin of the Later Han and Northern Han emperors; some indicate sinicized Shatuo ancestry while some traditional historical sources claims that the emperors claimed patrilineal Han Chinese ancestry. Territorial extent The Northern Han was a small kingdom located in Shanxi with its capital located at Taiyuan. Shanxi had been a traditional base of p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Ma (Hongwu)
Empress Xiaocigao ( zh, t=孝慈高皇后, 18 July 1332 – 23 September 1382), commonly known as Empress Ma ( zh, t=馬皇后), was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, married to the Hongwu Emperor and acting as his political adviser, exerting a large amount of influence during his reign. Early life Ma was from a poor background, born in Suzhou (宿州). Her personal name was known as Ma Xiuying ( zh, t=馬秀英) in legends and operas, but this was never mentioned in any official records, including the ''History of Ming''. It is noted that she did not have bound feet, which most women above the working class had in contemporary China. All that is known of her parentage is that her mother, who died when she was young, was surnamed Zheng, and that her father had fled with her to Dingyuan (in modern-day Anhui Province) after he had killed someone. Her father came into contact with and befriended the founder of the Red Turban army, Guo Zixing, who was both affluent and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Ma (Jianwen)
Empress Xiaominrang (孝愍讓皇后; 1378–1402), of the Ma clan, was the empress consort to the Jianwen Emperor and the second empress consort of China's Ming dynasty. Biography Born in 1378, Ma was the daughter of an official from the town of Yingtian in modern Nanjing named Ma Quan (馬全). She married Zhu Yunwen, grandson of the Hongwu Emperor, and was proclaimed consort of the Imperial Grandson-heir () in 1395. Zhu Yunmen ascended the throne in 1398 and Ma was instated as the empress consort in the second month of his reign. She had two sons, Zhu Wenkui, Crown Prince Hejian and Zhu Wengui, Prince Huai of Run, both posthumously honored. In 1402, Zhu Di sacked Nanjing and set fire to the palace, where Empress Ma died.Zhang (1739), Historical Biography 1 Titles *During the reign of the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398): **Lady Ma (馬氏; from 1378) **Consort of the Imperial Grandson (皇太孙妃; from 1395) *During the reign of the Jianwen Emperor (r. 1398–1402): **E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Dowager Ma (Southern Ming)
Empress Dowager Ma (1578–1669), personal name unknown, formally known as Empress Dowager Zhaosheng (), was an empress dowager of the Chinese Southern Ming dynasty.Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: v. 1: The Qing Period, 1644-1911' She was the birth mother of the Yongli Emperor. She converted to Roman Catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ... and adopted the name Maria. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Ma, Empress Dowager Ming dynasty empresses dowager Southern Ming empresses 1578 births 1669 deaths Converts to Roman Catholicism 17th-century Chinese women 17th-century Chinese people Sichuanese Roman Catholics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
