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Empress Gi
Empress Gi or Empress Ki (Hangul: 기황후, Hanja: 奇皇后; 1315–1370(?)), also known as Empress Qi () or Öljei Khutuk (Mongolian language, Mongolian: Өлзийхутаг; ), was one of the Khatun, primary empresses of Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong) of the Yuan dynasty and the mother of Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara, Biligtü Khan (Emperor Zhaozong), who would become an emperor of Northern Yuan. She was originally from an aristocratic family of the Goryeo, Goryeo dynasty and served as Concubinage, concubine of Toghon Temür. During the last years of the Yuan dynasty, she became one of the most powerful women, controlling the country economically and politically. Biography Empress Gi was born in Haengju (행주, 幸州; modern Goyang), Goryeo to a lower-ranked aristocratic family of bureaucrats.Kyung Moon Hwang ''A History of Korea'', London: Palgrave, 2010 page 56 Her father was Gi Ja-oh (). In 1333, the teenage Lady Gi was among the concubines sent to Yuan by the Goryeo king, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Consorts Of Rulers Of China
The following is a list of consorts of List of rulers of China, rulers of China. China has periodically been divided into kingdoms as well as united under empires, resulting in consorts titled both queen and empress. The title empress could also be given posthumously. Note that this is a list of the main consorts of each monarch and holders of the title empress or queen. Empress Consorts The title of Empress consort (, ''húanghòu'') could also be given posthumously. The posthumous Empresses are listed separately by the year they were given the title. Zhou dynasty Western Han dynasty Xin dynasty Eastern Han dynasty * AD 26–41: Guo Shengtong * 41–57: Empress Yin Lihua * 60–75: Empress Ma (Han dynasty), Empress Ma * 78–88: Empress Dou (Zhang), Empress Dou * 96–102: Empress Yin (He), Empress Yin * 102–106: Empress Deng Sui * 108–125: Empress Yan Ji * 132–144: Empress Liang Na * 147–159: Empress Liang Nüying * 159–165: Empress Deng Mengnü * 165– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayan Of The Merkid
Bayan of the Merkid (died 1340), or Bayan (), was a Mongol general of the Merkid clan and an official in the Yuan dynasty. Life Bayan was born into a family with military background. Many of his family members had served as soldiers during the Mongol conquest of Eurasia. In 1307, Bayan himself received the title " Baturu".History of Yuan,vol.138 During the reign of Külüg Khan (Emperor Wuzong of Yuan), Bayan was appointed to a number of positions in the court. He became a Darughachi in 1309, and then held several provincial posts during the reign of Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan (Emperor Renzong of Yuan), namely the Tong Pingzhangshi (vaguely, the "vice prime minister") of Jiangzhe province, Jiangxi province and Henan province. It is said that he did not tolerate any local bullies who took advantage of the poor. At the turn of the 13th/14th centuries Bayan and the ethnic Turk El Temür were members of the group around Qaishan, a nephew of Temür Khan who was appointed to defend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Gongye
Queen Gongye of the Jangheung Im clan (; 2 October 1109 – 2 December 1183) was a Korean queen consort as the 3rd wife of King Injong of Goryeo. As his favourite and beloved wife, she was the mother of his three successors ( Uijong, Myeongjong, Sinjong) and most of his children. Biography Early life The future Queen Gongye was born into the Jangheung Im clan on 7 September 1109 in Dangdong village, Okdang-ri, Gwansan-eup, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do as the eldest child and daughter of Im Won-hu. Her mother was from the Bupyeong Yi clan. As the oldest, she had a younger sister who would eventually become the mother of the future Queen Jangseon, so Lady Choi was both the Queen's maternal niece and later daughter-in-law. Youth life When she was 15 years old in 1123, she promised to married with Kim In-gyu (김인규)'s son, Kim Ji-hyo (김지효) from the Gyeongju Kim clan. However, when Kim arrived in her house, she suddenly fell ill and was on the verge of death. Knowing thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jangheung Im Clan
Jangheung Im clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Jangheung County, South Jeolla Province. According to the research in 2015, the number of Jangheung Im (or Yim) clan was 37,584. Goryeo Dynasty Their founder is Im Ho (Hangul: 임호, Hanja: 任顥) who settled in Jangheung. His son Im Ui (Hangul: 임의, Hanja: 任懿) became the highest-ranking government officer (Hangul: 중서문하평장사, Hanja: 中書門下平章事) under King Yejong of Goryeo and was the grandfather of Queen Gongye. He also became Duke of Jangheung region that back then included the current Jangheung County and large parts of some adjacent counties, such as Boseong, Suncheon, Haenam, Goheung, and Gangjin. During the Goryeo dynasty, Jangheung Im clan produced three prime ministers (Hangul: 삼중대광 정1품 품계, Hangja: 三重大匡 文官) and many minister-level officers. Jangheung Im was one of the ten clans who were allowed to marry the King's family members. For example ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Its border includes most of the length of China's border with the country of Mongolia. Inner Mongolia also accounts for a small section of China's border with Russia (Zabaykalsky Krai). Its capital is Hohhot; other major cities include Baotou, Chifeng, Tongliao, and Ordos. The autonomous region was established in 1947, incorporating the areas of the former Republic of China provinces of Suiyuan, Chahar, Rehe, Liaobei, and Xing'an, along with the northern parts of Gansu and Ningxia. Its area makes it the third largest Chinese administrative subdivision, constituting approximately and 12% of China's total land area. Due to its long span from east to west, Inner Mongolia is geographically divided into eastern and western divisions. The eastern division is often included in Northeastern China (Dongbei) with major cities including Tongliao, Chifeng, Hai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yingchang
Yingchang () was one of the important cities in the Yuan dynasty. It was situated on Lake Taal Nor in modern Heshigten Banner, Inner Mongolia, China. The city of Yingchang was built by the Khongirad Mongols in 1271, the same year that Kublai (Emperor Shizu) established the Yuan dynasty. The city was the administrative seat of the Prince of Lu (魯王). This square-walled city incorporated symmetrical elements, wide axial streets from the gates led to an administrative compound in the center north area, emulating the Tang style. Shortly after Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong), the last Yuan emperor, lost Dadu and Shangdu to the Ming dynasty in 1368 and 1369 respectively, the Yuan remnants (referred to as the Northern Yuan in historiography) established their capital at Yingchang. After the death of Toghon Temür in this city in 1370, the Ming armies managed to capture the Yingchang, one of the major cities still in the hands of the Northern Yuan, in the same year.Luc Kwanten, ''Impe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Köke Temür
Köke Temür (; Mongolian: ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ, Köketemür, Хөхтөмөр; died 1375), sinicized name Wang Baobao (), was a prominent general of the Yuan dynasty of China. History He was born in Henan province. His paternal line originated in Central Asia, probably of recent Bayad Mongol descent, but identified as ethnic Han by the time of his birth. His mother was either of Naiman or Uyghur origin, and was the sister of Chaghan Temür. Köke Temür was adopted by his maternal uncle Chaghan Temür, a Turkic pro-Mongol warlord who fought against the Red Turban Rebellion. When his uncle died in war in Shandong in 1362, he succeeded Chaghan Temür's post and corps, and soon demonstrated military talent in battles with the Red Turban Rebels in Shandong. He intensified a feud with Bolad Temür a Datong-based warlord, and entered Taiyuan to confront him. He took the side of Crown Prince Ayushiridara (future Emperor Zhaozong) against the faction of Toghon Temür (Empero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yalu River
The Yalu River, known by Koreans as the Amrok River or Amnok River, is a river on the border between North Korea and China. Together with the Tumen River to its east, and a small portion of Paektu Mountain, the Yalu forms the border between North Korea and China. Its valley became the scene of several military conflicts in the past centuries. Name Two theories are given regarding the origin of the river's name. One theory is that the name derived from ''Yalu ula'' () in the Manchu language. The Manchu word ''yalu'' () means "the boundary between two countries". In Mandarin Chinese, phonetically approximates the original Manchu word, but literally means "duck green", which was said to have been once the color of the river. The other theory is that the river was named after the combination of its two upper branches, which were called "" ( or'' Ap'') and "" ( or ''R''(or ''n'')''ok'')", respectively. Revised Romanization of Korean spelled it (; "Amnok River") and Revised Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Deokheung
Prince Deokheung (Hangul: 덕흥군, Hanja: 德興君), personal name Wang Hye () was the third son of Chungseon of Goryeo who became a Mongolian-backed pretender to the throne of Goryeo. After the ascension of King Gongmin, his half-nephew, to the throne of Goryeo, Prince Deokheung left Goryeo and settled in the Yuan capital of Dadu. Since then, he was also known by his Mongolian name, Tash Temür (塔思帖木兒) which spelled as Tapsacheopmoka (탑사첩목아) in Sino-Korean. At one point in his life, he was a Buddhist monk but he later returned to a secular life. The Yuan Dynasty, under the influence of Empress Gi and her brother, Gi Cheol, attempted to dethrone Goryeo's king, Gongmin. Immediately after Gongmin executed Gi Cheol, the leader of the pro-Yuan Faction (친원파), his sister then deposed Gongmin and declared Wang Hye as the new King, with her nephew, Gi Sambono as the Crown Prince. In 1364, Wang led a force 10,000 Yuan soldiers under the command of General C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gongmin Of Goryeo
Gongmin of Goryeo (23 May 1330 – 27 October 1374), also known by his Mongolian language, Mongolian name, Bayan Temür., was 31st ruler of Goryeo from 1351 to 1374. He was the second son of Chungsuk of Goryeo, King Chungsuk. Biography Early life Goryeo had been a semi-autonomous vassal state Goryeo under Mongol rule, under the overlordship of the Mongol Yuan dynasty since the Mongol invasions of Korea in the 13th century. Starting with Chungnyeol of Goryeo, King Chungnyeol, prospective rulers of Korea married Mongolian princesses and were customarily sent to the Yuan Court, in effect, as hostages. As per this custom, King Gongmin spent many years in the Yuan court, being sent there in 1341, before ascending the Korean throne. He married a Mongolian princess who became Queen Noguk. The Yuan dynasty began to crumble during the mid-14th century, and was eventually conquered and replaced by the Ming dynasty in 1368. Reign With the disintegration of Yuan, which had forcibly allie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Client State
A client state, in international relations, is a state that is economically, politically, and/or militarily subordinate to another more powerful state (called the "controlling state"). A client state may variously be described as satellite state, associated state, dominion, condominium, self-governing colony, neo-colony, protectorate, vassal state, puppet state, and tributary state. Controlling states in history Persia, Greece, and Rome Ancient states such as Persia and Parthia, Greek city-states, and Ancient Rome sometimes created client states by making the leaders of that state subservient, having to provide tribute and soldiers. Classical Athens, for example, forced weaker states into the Delian League and in some cases imposed democratic government on them. Later, Philip II of Macedon similarly imposed the League of Corinth. One of the most prolific users of client states was Republican Rome which, instead of conquering and then absorbing into an empire, chose to make clie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bak Bulhwa
Park Bul-hwa or Piao Buhua (; ; Mongolian Script: ᠪᠤᠬᠠ; ?－1364) was a Korean eunuch serving Empress Gi of the Yuan dynasty. He was the first ethnic Korean eunuch in Chinese history. Bak assisted Empress Gi's campaign to force Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong of Yuan) to pass the imperial throne to her son, Ayushiridara (Emperor Zhaozong of Northern Yuan). Biography Park Bul-hwa was born into the Haeju Park clan (해주 박씨, 海州 朴氏) during the reigns of King Chungsuk and King Chunghye of Goryeo. During the reign of Emperor Wenzong of Yuan (1328-1332), Bak Bulhwa was sent to the court of the Yuan dynasty to become a junior eunuch at the age of seven. In 1333, one of Bul-hwa's close friend, Lady Ki of the Haengju Ki clan, was among the concubines sent to Yuan by the Goryeo kings, who had to provide a certain number of beautiful teenage girls to serve as concubines of the Yuan emperors once every three years. She eventually became the favored concubine of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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