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Em Quad
In typography, a quad (originally ''quadrat'') was a metal spacer used in letterpress typesetting. The term was later adopted as the generic name for two common sizes of spaces in typography, regardless of the form of typesetting used. An em quad (originally ''m quadrat'') is a space that is one '' em'' wide; as wide as the height of the font. An en quad (originally ''n quadrat'') is a space that is one '' en'' wide: half the width of an em quad. Both are encoded as characters in the General Punctuation code block of the Unicode character set as and , which are also defined to be canonically equivalent to and respectively. LaTeX markup uses \quad for an em quad, and has other related whitespace escape sequences. History In 1683, in Joseph Moxon's book on the art of printing, the terms ''m'' and ''n quadrat'' are attested: And as there is three Heighths or Sizes to be considered in Letters Cut to the same Body, so is there three Sizes to be considered, with respect to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopædia Britannica
The is a general knowledge, general-knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It has been published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. since 1768, although the company has changed ownership seven times. The 2010 version of the 15th edition, which spans 32 volumes and 32,640 pages, was the last printed edition. Since 2016, it has been published exclusively as an online encyclopedia, online encyclopaedia. Printed for 244 years, the ''Britannica'' was the longest-running in-print encyclopaedia in the English language. It was first published between 1768 and 1771 in Edinburgh, Scotland, in three volumes. The encyclopaedia grew in size; the second edition was 10 volumes, and by its fourth edition (1801–1810), it had expanded to 20 volumes. Its rising stature as a scholarly work helped recruit eminent contributors, and the 9th (1875–1889) and Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, 11th editions (1911) are landmark encyclopaedias for scholarship and literary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typography
Typography is the art and technique of Typesetting, arranging type to make written language legibility, legible, readability, readable and beauty, appealing when displayed. The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, Point (typography), point sizes, line lengths, line spacing, letter spacing, and Kerning, spaces between pairs of letters. The term ''typography'' is also applied to the style, arrangement, and appearance of the letters, numbers, and symbols created by the process. Type design is a closely related craft, sometimes considered part of typography; most typographers do not design typefaces, and some type designers do not consider themselves typographers. Typography also may be used as an ornamental and decorative device, unrelated to the communication of information. Typography is also the work of graphic designers, art directors, manga artists, comic book artists, and, now, anyone who arranges words, letters, numbers, and symbols for publication, display, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chambers 1908 Quadrat 3Em
Chambers commonly refers to: * Chambers (surname), including a list of people with the name * ''Chambers'' (TV series), a 2019 American supernatural horror show Chambers may also refer to: Places Canada *Chambers Township, Ontario United States *Chambers, Arizona *Chambers, Nebraska *Chambers, West Virginia *Chambers Branch, a stream in Kansas *Chambers County, Alabama *Chambers County, Texas * Chambers Township, Holt County, Nebraska Businesses and products * Chambers (publisher), formerly Chambers Publishers ** ''Chambers Dictionary'', first published 1872 ** ''Chambers Biographical Dictionary'', first published in 1897 ** ''Chambers's Encyclopaedia'', 1859–1979 * Chambers Communications, an American broadcasting company * Chambers and Partners, producing rankings for the legal industry * Chambers stove, cooking appliances sold under the Chambers brand Other uses * ''Chambers'' (album), by Steady & Co., 2001 * ''Chambers'' (series), a British radio and TV sitcom * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Metal
In printing, type metal refers to the metal alloys used in traditional Movable type, typefounding and hot metal typesetting. Historically, type metal was an alloy of lead, tin and antimony in different proportions depending on the application, be it individual character mechanical casting for hand setting, mechanical line casting or individual character mechanical typesetting and stereo plate casting. The proportions used are in the range: lead 50‒86%, antimony 11‒30% and tin 3‒20%. Antimony and tin are added to lead for durability while reducing the difference between the coefficients of expansion of the matrix and the alloy. Apart from durability, the general requirements for type-metal are that it should produce a true and sharp cast, and retain correct dimensions and form after cooling down. It should also be easy to cast, at reasonable low Melting point, melting temperature, iron should not dissolve in the molten metal, and mould and nozzles should stay clean and easy t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chambers Dictionary
''The Chambers Dictionary'' was first published by William and Robert Chambers as ''Chambers's English Dictionary'' in 1872. It was an expanded version of ''Chambers's Etymological Dictionary'' of 1867, compiled by James Donald. A second edition came out in 1898, and was followed in 1901 by a new compact edition called ''Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary''. The dictionary is widely used by British crossword solvers and setters, and by ''Scrabble'' players (though it is no longer the official ''Scrabble'' dictionary). It contains many more dialectal, archaic, unconventional and eccentric words than its rivals, and is noted for its occasional wryly humorous definitions. Examples of such definitions include those for '' éclair'' ("a cake, long in shape but short in duration") and ''middle-aged'' ("between youth and old age, variously reckoned to suit the reckoner"). These jocular definitions were removed by the publisher in the 1970s, but many of them were reinstated in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Savage (printer)
William Savage (1770–1843) was an English printer, engraver, draughtsman and author of several works about printing. Life Born in 1770 at Howden in the East Riding of Yorkshire, he was the younger son of James Savage, a clockmaker. He was educated at the church school in Howden. In 1790 he went into business as a printer and bookseller there in partnership with his elder brother, James Savage. In 1797 he moved to London, and about two years later was appointed printer to the Royal Institution. There for ten years he was assistant secretary to the board of managers, and also secretary to the library committee, secretary to the committee of chemistry, and superintendent of the printing office. About 1803 Savage went also into business as a printer in London on his own account. In 1807 he was commissioned to print Edward Forster's ''British Gallery of Engravings'', It made his reputation as printer. Savage died at his residence at Dodington Grove, Kensington, on 25 July 1843, le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyclopædia, Or An Universal Dictionary Of Arts And Sciences
''Cyclopædia: or, an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences'' is a British encyclopedia prepared by Ephraim Chambers and first published in 1728. Six more editions appeared between 1728 and 1751, and there was a ''Supplement'' in 1753. The ''Cyclopædia'' was one of the first general encyclopedias produced in English. Noteworthy features The title page of the first edition summarizes the author’s aims: The first edition included numerous cross-references meant to connect articles scattered by the use of alphabetical order, a dedication to the king, George II of Great Britain, George II, and a philosophical preface at the beginning of Volume 1. Among other things, the preface gives an analysis of forty-seven divisions of knowledge, with classed lists of the articles belonging to each, intended to serve as a table of contents and also as a directory indicating the order in which the articles should be read. Printing history A second edition appeared in 1738 in two volum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sort (typesetting)
In physical typesetting, a sort or type is a block with a typographic character etched on it, used—when lined up with others—to print text. In movable-type printing, the sort or type is cast from a matrix mold and assembled by hand with other sorts bearing additional characters into lines of type to make up a ''form'', from which a page is printed. Background From the invention of movable type up to the invention of hot metal typesetting essentially all printed text was created by selecting sorts from a type case and assembling them line by line into a form used to print a page. When the form was no longer needed all of the type had to be sorted back into the correct slots in the type case in a very time-consuming process called "distributing". This sorting process led to the individual pieces being called sorts. It is often claimed to be the root of expressions such as "out of sorts" and "wrong sort", although this connection is disputed. During the hot metal typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
