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Elle (Spanish Pronoun)
''Elle'' (, , or , plural: , , or ) is a neopronoun in Spanish intended as an alternative to the third-person gender-specific pronouns ("he") and ("she"). It is supposed to be used when the gender of a person is not known or when it is not desirable to specify the person as either "he" or "she". It is not endorsed by any Spanish-language academy or institution. It is an equivalent of the singular they pronoun when used for gendering purposes. On 27 October 2020, the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) briefly incorporated the pronoun into its Word Observatory, a new section of their website relaunched on 23 October 2020, with the following definition: On 30 October 2020, four days after its inclusion, the RAE decided to remove the word from its portal due to the confusion generated by its presence, and declared: "When the functioning and mission of this section is widely disseminated, it will be reassessed". History Initially, the characters ''@'' or ''x'' were used on social ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neopronoun
Neopronouns are a category of neologistic English Third person (grammar), third-person personal pronouns beyond "he (pronoun), he", "she (pronoun), she", "singular they, they", "one (pronoun), one", and "it (pronoun), it". Neopronouns are preferred by some non-binary individuals who feel that neopronouns provide options to reflect their gender identity more accurately than conventional pronouns. Neopronouns may be words created to serve as pronouns, such as "wikt:ze#Pronoun, ze/wikt:hir#Pronoun, hir", or derived from existing words and turned into personal pronouns, such as "wikt:fae#Pronoun, fae/wikt:faer#English, faer". Some neopronouns allude to they/them, such as "wikt:ey#Pronoun, ey/wikt:em#Pronoun, em", a form of Spivak pronoun. A survey by The Trevor Project in 2020 found that 4% of LGBT youth surveyed used neopronouns. The Gender Census, an online community survey, reported in 2021 that "wikt:xe#English, xe/wikt:xem#English, xem/wikt:xir#English, xir" were the most popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender-neutral Pronoun
A third-person pronoun is a pronoun that refers to an entity other than the speaker or listener. Some languages with gender-specific pronouns have them as part of a grammatical gender system, a system of agreement where most or all nouns have a value for this grammatical category. A few languages with gender-specific pronouns, such as English, Afrikaans, Defaka, Khmu, Malayalam, Tamil, and Yazgulyam, lack grammatical gender; in such languages, gender usually adheres to "natural gender", which is often based on biological gender. Other languages, including most Austronesian languages, lack gender distinctions in personal pronouns entirely, as well as any system of grammatical gender. In languages with pronominal gender, problems of usage may arise in contexts where a person of unspecified or unknown social gender is being referred to but commonly available pronouns are gender-specific. Different solutions to this issue have been proposed and used in various languages. Overview ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latinx
''Latinx'' is a neologism in American English which is used to refer to people of Latin American cultural or ethnic identity in the United States. The gender-neutral suffix replaces the ending of ''Latino'' and ''Latina'' that are typical of grammatical gender in Spanish. Its plural is ''Latinxs''. Words used for similar purposes include ''Latin@'' and ''Latine''. Related gender-neutral neologisms include ''Chicanx'' and ''Xicanx''. The term was first seen online around 2004. It has since been used in social media by activists, students, and academics who seek to advocate for non-binary and genderqueer individuals. Surveys of Hispanic and Latino Americans have found that the vast majority prefer other terms such as ''Hispanic'' and ''Latina/Latino'' to describe themselves, and that only 2–3% use ''Latinx''. A 2020 Pew Research Center survey found that roughly three-quarters of U.S. Latinos were not aware of the term ''Latinx''; of those aware of it, 33% said it should be u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lavender Linguistics
LGBT linguistics is the study of language as used by members of LGBT communities. Related or synonymous terms include lavender linguistics, advanced by William Leap in the 1990s, which "encompass sa wide range of everyday language practices" in LGBT communities, and queer linguistics, which refers to the linguistic analysis concerning the effect of heteronormativity on expressing sexual identity through language. The former term derives from the longtime association of the color lavender with LGBT communities. "Language", in this context, may refer to any aspect of spoken or written linguistic practices, including speech patterns and pronunciation, use of certain vocabulary, and, in a few cases, an elaborate alternative lexicon such as Polari. History Early studies in the field of LGBT linguistics were dominated by the concept of distinct "lavender lexicons" such as that recorded by Gershon Legman in 1941. In 1995 William Leap, whose work incorporates LGBTQ culture studies, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feminist Language Planning
Feminist language reform or feminist language planning refers to the effort, often of political and grassroots movements, to change how language is used to gender people, activities and ideas on an individual and societal level. This initiative has been adopted in countries such as Sweden, Switzerland and Australia, and has not been linked to higher gender equality. History Linguistic activism and feminist authorship stemming from second wave feminism in the 1960s and 70s began to draw attention to gender bias in language, including "the uncovering of the gendered nature of many linguistic rules and norms". Feminist attended conferences and, as a way of activism, they interrupted to point out they were not being feeling included because of linguistic uses. Scholarship such as Dennis Baron's ''Grammar and Gender'' and Anne Bodine's "Androcentrism in Prescriptive Grammar" uncovered historical male regulation to promote male-centric language such as the use of " he" as a ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ri (pronoun)
(, possessive: ) is a singular third-person gender-neutral pronoun in Esperanto intended as an alternative to the gender-specific ("he") and ("she"). It is used by some speakers when the gender of a person is not known or when it is not desirable to specify them as either a "he" or "she", similar to how singular ''they'' is used in English. In Esperanto, the usage of this pronoun is called (, literally "-ism"); it is one of several proposals for gender-neutral pronouns in Esperanto. On 12 May 2020, Marcos Cramer, a member of the Akademio de Esperanto, published an empirical study on the usage of gender-neutral pronouns in Esperanto. The study concludes by saying that the pronoun is now much more widely known and used than ten years ago, and that this development is stronger among young people. It found that the pronoun is very widely used when referring to non-binary people, but that the usage of the pronoun to refer to a non-specific person is practiced at a considerable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iel (pronoun)
is a neo-pronoun in the French language intended as an alternative to the gender-specific pronouns (" she") and (" he"). It has been adopted by the Le Robert dictionary but is not officially accepted by the Académie Française. Background Grammatical gender in French consists of two genders: the masculine and the feminine. To make words or phrases gender-inclusive, French-speakers use two methods: # Orthographic solutions strive to include both the masculine and feminine endings in the word. Examples include hyphens (), median-periods (), parentheses (), or capital letters (). Most writers avoid this practice in official titles such as Governor General and favor the next process. #Hendiadys solutions contain a feminine word and a masculine word: , . History of usage The pronoun is a neologism dating back to at least the early 2010s, including alternative spellings such as "iell," "ielle," and "ille." In April 2018, a group of doctoral students lobbied for the stand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pronoun Game
"Playing the pronoun game" is the act of concealing sexual orientation in conversation by not using a gender-specific pronoun for a partner or a lover, which would reveal the sexual orientation of the person speaking. Someone may employ the pronoun game when conversing with people to whom they have not " come out". In a situation in which revealing one's sexual orientation would have adverse consequences (such as the loss of a job), playing the pronoun game is seen to be a necessary act of concealment. The pronoun game involves avoiding reference to one's sexual orientation and allowing the listener's assumptions on the matter to prevail. It also involves not drawing the listener's attention to the fact that the sex of a pronoun's antecedent is not being specified. As such, playing the pronoun game involves *re-phrasing sentences such that they avoid the need for third-person singular sex-specific pronouns (e.g. "We decided to eat out," rather than "She and I decided to eat out.") ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neopronoun
Neopronouns are a category of neologistic English Third person (grammar), third-person personal pronouns beyond "he (pronoun), he", "she (pronoun), she", "singular they, they", "one (pronoun), one", and "it (pronoun), it". Neopronouns are preferred by some non-binary individuals who feel that neopronouns provide options to reflect their gender identity more accurately than conventional pronouns. Neopronouns may be words created to serve as pronouns, such as "wikt:ze#Pronoun, ze/wikt:hir#Pronoun, hir", or derived from existing words and turned into personal pronouns, such as "wikt:fae#Pronoun, fae/wikt:faer#English, faer". Some neopronouns allude to they/them, such as "wikt:ey#Pronoun, ey/wikt:em#Pronoun, em", a form of Spivak pronoun. A survey by The Trevor Project in 2020 found that 4% of LGBT youth surveyed used neopronouns. The Gender Census, an online community survey, reported in 2021 that "wikt:xe#English, xe/wikt:xem#English, xem/wikt:xir#English, xir" were the most popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender-neutral Language
Gender-neutral language or gender-inclusive language is language that avoids bias towards a particular sex or gender. In English, this includes use of nouns that are not gender-specific to refer to roles or professions, formation of phrases in a coequal manner, and discontinuing the blanket use of male or female terms. For example, the words ''policeman'' and ''stewardess'' are gender-specific job titles; the corresponding gender-neutral terms are ''police officer'' and ''flight attendant''. Other gender-specific terms, such as ''actor'' and ''actress'', may be replaced by the originally male term; for example, ''actor'' used regardless of gender. Some terms, such as ''chairman'', that contain the component ''-man'' but have traditionally been used to refer to persons regardless of sex are now seen by some as gender-specific. An example of forming phrases in a coequal manner would be using ''husband and wife'' instead of ''man and wife''. Examples of discontinuing the blanket use of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NBCNews
NBCNews.com, formerly known as msnbc.com, is a news website owned and operated by NBCUniversal as the online arm of NBC News. Along with original and wire reporting, it features content from NBC shows such as ''Today'', ''NBC Nightly News'', ''Meet The Press'', and ''Dateline NBC'', the MSNBC cable channel, and partners such as ''The New York Times''. The site was founded in 1996 as a 50-50 venture between NBCUniversal and Microsoft at the same time as the two companies formed a separate joint venture for the cable news network MSNBC. Although they shared the same name, msnbc.com and MSNBC maintained separate corporate structures and news operations, with msnbc.com headquartered on the West Coast on the Microsoft campus in Redmond, Washington, and MSNBC in the NBC headquarters in New York. Microsoft divested its stake in the MSNBC channel in 2005, and divested its stake in msnbc.com in July 2012. Gregory Gittrich, the former editor-in-chief of NBC Local Integrated Media and, bef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sound
In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid. In human physiology and psychology, sound is the ''reception'' of such waves and their ''perception'' by the brain. Only acoustic waves that have frequencies lying between about 20 Hz and 20 kHz, the audio frequency range, elicit an auditory percept in humans. In air at atmospheric pressure, these represent sound waves with wavelengths of to . Sound waves above 20 kHz are known as ultrasound and are not audible to humans. Sound waves below 20 Hz are known as infrasound. Different animal species have varying hearing ranges. Acoustics Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of mechanical waves in gasses, liquids, and solids including vibration, sound, ultrasound, and infrasound. A scientist who works in the field of acoustics is an ''acoustician'', while someone working in the field of acoustica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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