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Elektronika MS 1504
Elektronika MS 1504 (russian: Электроника МС 1504) was the first, and reportedly only, laptop computer to be manufactured in the Soviet Union. Produced by the "Integral" Scientific Production Association in 1991, it was a clone of the Toshiba T1100 Plus The Toshiba T1100 is a laptop manufactured by Toshiba in 1985, and has subsequently been described by Toshiba as "''the world's first mass-market laptop computer''". Its technical specifications were comparable to the original IBM PC desktop, usi .... References Ministry of the Electronics Industry (Soviet Union) computers {{Comp-hardware-stub ...
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NPO Integral
NPO may refer to: Medicine * ''Nil per os'', Latin for "nothing by mouth", a medical instruction to withhold oral intake of food and fluids * neurogenic pulmonary oedema Science * North Pacific Oscillation, a teleconnection pattern in atmospheric conditions over the North Pacific * NP optimization problem, an optimization problem that is NP-hard Organisations * Nonprofit organization * National Portfolio Organisation, a UK-based culture and arts organisation receiving substantial funding from Arts Council England * National Ports Organisation, former part of the UK Department for Transport * National Preservation Office, part of the British Library * Scientific Production Association (''Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoye Obyedineniye''), a form of scientific research-to-production facility in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. * Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (organization) ("Netherlands Public Broadcasting"), governing body of the Netherlands (Dutch) Public Broadcasting System * ...
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Laptop Computer
A laptop, laptop computer, or notebook computer is a small, portable personal computer (PC) with a screen and alphanumeric keyboard. Laptops typically have a clam shell form factor with the screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid and the keyboard on the inside of the lower lid, although 2-in-1 PCs with a detachable keyboard are often marketed as laptops or as having a "laptop mode". Laptops are folded shut for transportation, and thus are suitable for mobile use. They are so named because they can be practically placed on a person's lap when being used. Today, laptops are used in a variety of settings, such as at work, in education, for playing games, web browsing, for personal multimedia, and for general home computer use. As of 2022, in American English, the terms ''laptop computer'' and ''notebook computer'' are used interchangeably; in other dialects of English, one or the other may be preferred. Although the terms ''notebook computers'' or ''notebooks'' o ...
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Laptop Computer
A laptop, laptop computer, or notebook computer is a small, portable personal computer (PC) with a screen and alphanumeric keyboard. Laptops typically have a clam shell form factor with the screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid and the keyboard on the inside of the lower lid, although 2-in-1 PCs with a detachable keyboard are often marketed as laptops or as having a "laptop mode". Laptops are folded shut for transportation, and thus are suitable for mobile use. They are so named because they can be practically placed on a person's lap when being used. Today, laptops are used in a variety of settings, such as at work, in education, for playing games, web browsing, for personal multimedia, and for general home computer use. As of 2022, in American English, the terms ''laptop computer'' and ''notebook computer'' are used interchangeably; in other dialects of English, one or the other may be preferred. Although the terms ''notebook computers'' or ''notebooks'' o ...
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ...
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Toshiba T1100 Plus
The Toshiba T1100 is a laptop manufactured by Toshiba in 1985, and has subsequently been described by Toshiba as "''the world's first mass-market laptop computer''". Its technical specifications were comparable to the original IBM PC desktop, using floppy disks (it had no hard drive), a 4.77 MHz Intel 80C88 CPU (a lower-power variation of the Intel 8088), 256 KB of conventional RAM extendable to 512 KB, and a monochrome LCD capable of displaying 80x25 text and 640x200 CGA graphics. Its original price was 1899 USD. The T1100 PLUS is a later model of this laptop, released to the market in 1986. Some significant differences to the T1100 are: 16-bit data bus 80C86 CPU, 7.16 MHz or 4.77 MHz operation, 256 KB of conventional RAM (16-bit) extendable to 640 KB, and two internal 720 KB 3.5" diskette drives. The T1100 was named an IEEE Milestone in 2009. Clones Toshiba T1100 PLUS was cloned in the USSR as '' Electronika MS 1504'' in 1991. See also * Toshiba T1000 * ...
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