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Elektrim
Elektrim SA, is a Polish public company trading since 1992 on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, and is the result of the privatization of the former PHZ Elektrim. In the first period after privatization, Elektrim SA conducted very extensive and diversified activities through more than 140 associated companies (with businesses ranging from turbines to agricultural production), but this activity was reorganized from 1999. Elektrim SA operates essentially as a holding company. Its most valuable assets ( Elektrim Telekomunikacja, Zespół Elektrowni Pątnów-Adamów-Konin) are separate entities (companies), to a significant extent, however, supported financially by the parent (by way of shareholder loan Shareholder loan is a debt-like form of financing provided by shareholders. Usually, it is the most junior debt in the company's debt portfolio. On the other hand, if this loan belongs to shareholders it could be treated as equity. Maturity of shar ...s, guarantees, and safeguards provided fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elektrim Telekomunikacja
Elektrim SA, is a Polish public company trading since 1992 on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, and is the result of the privatization of the former PHZ Elektrim. In the first period after privatization, Elektrim SA conducted very extensive and diversified activities through more than 140 associated companies (with businesses ranging from turbines to agricultural production), but this activity was reorganized from 1999. Elektrim SA operates essentially as a holding company A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own shares of other companies .... Its most valuable assets ( Elektrim Telekomunikacja, Zespół Elektrowni Pątnów-Adamów-Konin) are separate entities (companies), to a significant extent, however, supported financially by the parent (by way of shareholder loans, guarantees, and safeguards provided ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Company
A public company is a company whose ownership is organized via shares of stock which are intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange or in over-the-counter markets. A public (publicly traded) company can be listed on a stock exchange (listed company), which facilitates the trade of shares, or not (unlisted public company). In some jurisdictions, public companies over a certain size must be listed on an exchange. In most cases, public companies are ''private'' enterprises in the ''private'' sector, and "public" emphasizes their reporting and trading on the public markets. Public companies are formed within the legal systems of particular states, and therefore have associations and formal designations which are distinct and separate in the polity in which they reside. In the United States, for example, a public company is usually a type of corporation (though a corporation need not be a public company), in the United Kingdom it is usually a public limited company (plc), i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Stock Exchange
The Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), pl, Giełda Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie, is a stock exchange in Warsaw, Poland. It has a market capitalization of PLN 1.05 trillion (EUR 232 billion; as of December 23, 2020). The WSE is a member of the Federation of European Securities Exchanges. On 17 December 2013, the WSE also joined the United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges (SSE) initiative. History Kingdom of Poland Warsaw became the capital and financial center of Poland in the early 17th century. In the Middle Ages other Polish towns, most of them members of the Hanse, were the leading economic centers of Poland. Merchants from western and southern Europe settled in Poland since the beginning of Polish statehood. They brought the system of organized exchange trading in securities, mostly bills and currencies, to Poland. The oldest Polish bill was issued in 1243 by the Cuyavien bishop Sambor. The main centers of securities tradings were at the lower Vistula, in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holding Company
A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own shares of other companies to form a corporate group. In some jurisdictions around the world, holding companies are called parent companies, which, besides holding stock in other companies, can conduct trade and other business activities themselves. Holding companies reduce risk for the shareholders, and can permit the ownership and control of a number of different companies. ''The New York Times'' also refers to the term as ''parent holding company.'' Holding companies are also created to hold assets such as intellectual property or trade secrets, that are protected from the operating company. That creates a smaller risk when it comes to Lawsuit, litigation. In the United States, 80% of stock, in voting and value, must be owned before tax consolidation benefits s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shareholder Loan
Shareholder loan is a debt-like form of financing provided by shareholders. Usually, it is the most junior debt in the company's debt portfolio. On the other hand, if this loan belongs to shareholders it could be treated as equity. Maturity of shareholder loans is long with low or deferred interest payments. Sometimes, shareholder loan is confused with the inverse, a loan from a company that is extended to its shareholders. Applications * This form of financing is quite common while funding young companies with positive cash flows because such firms are still not able to raise debt from banks but need debt anyway to create a tax shield. * The contribution of shareholder loans to a corporation's capital structure generally relieves the corporation's debt load and is, therefore, used in leveraged buyouts to manage a degree of leverage. * Shareholders can extend the loan in distressed or near-default situations to save the company. See also *Hybrid security *Seniority (finance) *Ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Energy Companies Of Poland
In physics, energy (from Ancient Greek: wikt:ἐνέργεια#Ancient_Greek, ἐνέργεια, ''enérgeia'', “activity”) is the physical quantity, quantitative physical property, property that is #Energy transfer, transferred to a physical body, body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of Work (thermodynamics), work and in the form of heat and light. Energy is a Conservation law, conserved quantity—the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be Energy transformation, converted in form, but not created or destroyed. The unit of measurement for energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the joule (J). Common forms of energy include the kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy stored by an object (for instance due to its position in a Classical field theory, field), the elastic energy stored in a solid object, chemical energy associated with chemical reactions, the radiant energy carried by electromagnetic radiat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holding Companies Of Poland
{{disambiguation ...
Holding may refer to: * Holding an object with the hands, or grasping * Holding (law), the central determination in a judicial opinion * Holding (aeronautics), a manoeuvre in aviation * Holding (surname) * Holding company, a company that owns stock in other companies * Holding (American football), a common penalty in American football * '' The Miroslav Holding Co.'', 2001 Croatian film also released as ''Holding'' * "Holding", an episode of the American animated television series '' Beavis and Butt-Head'' * ''Holding'' (TV series), a 2022 TV series See also * * * Smallholding * Hold (other) * The Holding (other) * "Holdin'," a song by Diamond Rio * Hoarding * Possession (law) In law, possession is the control a person intentionally exercises toward a thing. Like ownership, the possession of anything is commonly regulated by country under property law. In all cases, to possess something, a person must have an inten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telecommunications Companies Of Poland
Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. It has its origin in the desire of humans for communication over a distance greater than that feasible with the human voice, but with a similar scale of expediency; thus, slow systems (such as postal mail) are excluded from the field. The transmission media in telecommunication have evolved through numerous stages of technology, from beacons and other visual signals (such as smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs), to electrical cable and electromagnetic radiation, including light. Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels, which afford the advantages of multiplexing multiple concurrent communication sessions. ''Telecommunication'' is often used in its plural form. Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages, such as coded drumbea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
