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Elam Lynds
Captain Elam Lynds (1784–1855) was a prison warden. He helped create the Auburn system, which consisted of congregate labor during the day and isolation at night, starting in 1821 and was Warden of Sing Sing from 1825 to 1830. Early life Elam Lynds was born in Litchfield, Connecticut in 1784. His parents moved to Troy, New York, when he was an infant. He learned the hatter's trade and worked at it for some years. War of 1812 service In the War of 1812 he held a captain's commission in a New York regiment. Auburn State Prison The Auburn State Prison's South Wing was opened in the Spring of 1817, and fifty-three prisoners were transferred there from nearby counties. Lynds was made the first principal keeper, and four years afterwards he became Warden of Auburn State Prison. Lynds devised the main features of the Auburn System of imprisonment. When Lynds took charge of Auburn in 1821, he felt that discipline was lax, with guards only interested in preventing escape. Lynds, be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warden Of Auburn Correctional Facility
Auburn Correctional Facility is a state prison on New York State Route 38, State Street in Auburn, New York, United States. It was built on land that was once a Cayuga people, Cayuga village. It is classified as a Types of US federal prisons, maximum security facility. History Constructed in 1816 as Auburn Prison, it was the second state prison in New York (after New York City's Greenwich Village#Newgate Prison, Newgate, 1797–1828), the site of the first execution by electric chair in 1890, and the namesake of the "Auburn system," a correctional system in which prisoners were housed in solitary confinement in large rectangular buildings, and performed penal labor under silence that was enforced at all times. The prison was renamed the Auburn Correctional Facility in 1970. The prison is among the oldest functional prisons in the United States. In its early years, the prison charged a fee to tourists in order to raise funds for the prison. Eventually, to discourage most vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Pleasant, New York
Mount Pleasant is a Administrative divisions of New York#Town, town in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census, the town population was 44,436. The hamlet (New York), hamlets of Valhalla, New York, Valhalla, Hawthorne, New York, Hawthorne, Pocantico Hills, New York, Pocantico Hills, and Thornwood, New York, Thornwood, and the villages of Pleasantville, New York, Pleasantville, Sleepy Hollow, New York, Sleepy Hollow, and a small portion of Briarcliff Manor lie within the town. History The John D. Rockefeller Estate ''Kykuit'' in Pocantico Hills was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as a National Historic Landmark. Geography Mount Pleasant is located about 27 miles north of Manhattan. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and , or 15.26%, is water. Demographics At the 2000 United States Census, 2000 census ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1784 Births
Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Britain to end the American Revolution, with the signature of President of Congress Thomas Mifflin.''Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909'', ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p167 * January 15 – Henry Cavendish's paper to the Royal Society of London, ''Experiments on Air'', reveals the composition of water. * February 24 – The Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam begins. * February 28 – John Wesley ordains ministers for the Methodist Church in the United States. * March 1 – The Confederation Congress accepts Virginia's cession of all rights to the Northwest Territory and to Kentucky. * March 22 – The Emerald Buddha is install ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wardens Of The Auburn Correctional Facility
A warden is a custodian, defender, or guardian. Warden is often used in the sense of a watchman or guardian, as in a prison warden. It can also refer to a chief or head official, as in the Warden of the Mint. ''Warden'' is etymologically identical to ''guardian'', both terms deriving from the Old French ''garder'' which in turn is of Germanic origin, ''wartēn'' meaning to watch or protect. Types of wardens include: * Prison warden, the chief administrative official of a prison * Warden (college), head of some university colleges and academic institutions in the United Kingdom and Australia * Warden of the Mint, historical highest-ranking officer of the Royal Mint of the United Kingdom * Warden, rank of seniority within a City of London livery company * Churchwarden, a lay officer in an Anglican or Episcopal church * Fire warden, a person designated to aid firefighters at a building or community level * Game warden, an officer empowered to enforce the hunting and trapping laws ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wardens Of Sing Sing
The Wardens of Sing Sing are appointed by the Commissioner of the Department of Corrections and Community Supervision. *Elam Lynds (1825–1830) * Robert Wiltse (1830–1840) * David L. Seymour (1840–1843) * William H. Peck (warden) (1843–1845) * Hiram P. Rowell (1845–1848) * Chauncey Smith (1848–1849) * Edward L. Potter (January, 1849) * Alfred R. Booth (July, 1849) * Munson J. Lockwood (1850–1855) * C. A. Batterman (1855–1856) * William Beardsley (warden) (1856–1862) * Gaylord B. Hubbell (1862–1864) * Thomas E. Sutton (1864–1865) * Stephen H. Johnson (1865–1868) * David P. Forrest (1868–1869) * Henry Clay Nelson (1869–1870) * E. M. Russell (1870–1872) * Henry C. Nelson (1872–1873) * Gaylord B. Hubbell (1873–1874) * James Williamson (warden) (September 1874) * Alfred Walker (warden) (October 1874) * George R. Youngs (1876–1877) * Charles Davis (warden) (February 1877) *Benjamin S. W. Clark (March 1877) * Charles Davis (warden) (1877–1880) * August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarring And Feathering
Tarring and feathering is a form of public torture and punishment used to enforce unofficial justice or revenge. It was used in feudal Europe and its colonies in the early modern period, as well as the early American frontier, mostly as a type of mob vengeance. The victim would be stripped naked, or stripped to the waist. Wood tar (sometimes hot) was then either poured or painted onto the person while they were immobilized. Then the victim either had feathers thrown on them or was rolled around on a pile of feathers so that they stuck to the tar. The image of a tarred-and-feathered outlaw remains a metaphor for severe public criticism. Early history The earliest mention of the punishment appears in orders that Richard I of England issued to his navy on starting for the Holy Land in 1189. "Concerning the lawes and ordinances appointed by King Richard for his navie the forme thereof was this ... item, a thiefe or felon that hath stolen, being lawfully convicted, shal have hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sing Sing Prison
Sing Sing Correctional Facility, formerly Ossining Correctional Facility, is a maximum-security prison operated by the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision in the village of Ossining, New York. It is about north of New York City on the east bank of the Hudson River. It holds about 1,700 inmates and housed the execution chamber for the State of New York until the abolition of capital punishment in New York in 2004. The name "Sing Sing" was derived from the Sintsink Native American tribe from whom the land was purchased in 1685, and was formerly the name of the village. In 1970, the prison's name was changed to the Ossining Correctional Facility, but it reverted to its original name in 1985. There are plans to convert the original 1825 cell block into a period museum.Village looks to create Sing Sing museum, May 22, 2007. Earthtimes.org http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/65218.html The prison property is bisected by the Metro-North Railroad' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hudson River
The Hudson River is a river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York. It originates in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York and flows southward through the Hudson Valley to the New York Harbor between New York City and Jersey City, eventually draining into the Atlantic Ocean at Lower New York Bay. The river serves as a political boundary between the states of New Jersey and New York at its southern end. Farther north, it marks local boundaries between several New York counties. The lower half of the river is a tidal estuary, deeper than the body of water into which it flows, occupying the Hudson Fjord, an inlet which formed during the most recent period of North American glaciation, estimated at 26,000 to 13,300 years ago. Even as far north as the city of Troy, the flow of the river changes direction with the tides. The Hudson River runs through the Munsee, Lenape, Mohican, Mohawk, and Haudenosaunee homelands. Prior to European ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auburn System
The Auburn system (also known as the New York system and Congregate system) is a penal method of the 19th century in which persons worked during the day in groups and were kept in solitary confinement at night, with enforced silence at all times. The silent system evolved during the 1820s at Auburn Prison in Auburn, New York, as an alternative to and modification of the Pennsylvania system of solitary confinement, which it gradually replaced in the United States. Whigs favored this system because it promised to rehabilitate criminals by teaching them personal discipline and respect for work, property, and other people. Among notable elements of the Auburn system were striped uniforms, lockstep, and silence. Prison life During the 19th century, prisoners had no rights nor any opportunity to live semi-comfortably. The Auburn system established several characteristics that were unique to the world of disciplinary conditions. Silence was the biggest factor among rules for the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warden Of Sing Sing
The Wardens of Sing Sing are appointed by the Commissioner of the Department of Corrections and Community Supervision. *Elam Lynds (1825–1830) * Robert Wiltse (1830–1840) * David L. Seymour (1840–1843) * William H. Peck (warden) (1843–1845) * Hiram P. Rowell (1845–1848) * Chauncey Smith (1848–1849) * Edward L. Potter (January, 1849) * Alfred R. Booth (July, 1849) * Munson J. Lockwood (1850–1855) * C. A. Batterman (1855–1856) * William Beardsley (warden) (1856–1862) * Gaylord B. Hubbell (1862–1864) * Thomas E. Sutton (1864–1865) * Stephen H. Johnson (1865–1868) * David P. Forrest (1868–1869) * Henry Clay Nelson (1869–1870) * E. M. Russell (1870–1872) * Henry C. Nelson (1872–1873) * Gaylord B. Hubbell (1873–1874) * James Williamson (warden) (September 1874) * Alfred Walker (warden) (October 1874) * George R. Youngs (1876–1877) * Charles Davis (warden) (February 1877) *Benjamin S. W. Clark (March 1877) * Charles Davis (warden) (1877–1880) * August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auburn State Prison
Auburn Correctional Facility is a state prison on State Street in Auburn, New York, United States. It was built on land that was once a Cayuga village. It is classified as a maximum security facility. History Constructed in 1816 as Auburn Prison, it was the second state prison in New York (after New York City's Newgate, 1797–1828), the site of the first execution by electric chair in 1890, and the namesake of the "Auburn system," a correctional system in which prisoners were housed in solitary confinement in large rectangular buildings, and performed penal labor under silence that was enforced at all times. The prison was renamed the Auburn Correctional Facility in 1970. The prison is among the oldest functional prisons in the United States. In its early years, the prison charged a fee to tourists in order to raise funds for the prison. Eventually, to discourage most visitors, the fee was increased. Auburn system In contrast with the purely reformatory type priso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
