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Eastern Front (RSFSR)
The Eastern Front () was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, formed on June 13, 1918 and disbanded on January 15, 1920. Operations The armies of the Eastern Front fought in the Middle Volga region, Prikamye and Urals against the Czechoslovak Legion, the People's Army of Komuch, the Siberian Army and the armies of the Russian Eastern Front of Admiral Kolchak. In 1919, it occupied the foothills of the Urals, and then the whole of Siberia. After mastering Siberia, the Eastern Front was disbanded, except in the homelands of former White Cossack troops (Akmola, Aktobe, Orenburg, Troitsky, Ural), the Eastern Front was preserved until the beginning of 1921. Composition * 1st Army * 2nd Army * 3rd Army (July 1918 - Januari 1920) * 4th Army * 5th Army (August 1918 - Januari 1920) * Turkestan Army (March - June 1919) * Reserve Army Commanders Commander : * Mikhail Muravyov (June 13 - July 10, 1918, rebelled), * Jukums Vācietis (July 11 – 28, 1918), * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front (military Formation)
A front (russian: фронт, ''front'') is a type of military formation that originated in the Russian Empire, and has been used by the Polish Army, the Red Army, the Soviet Army, and Turkey. It is roughly equivalent to an army group in the military of most other countries. It varies in size but in general contains three to five Field army, armies. It should not be confused with the more general usage of ''Front (military), military front,'' describing a geographic area in wartime. Russian Empire After the outbreak of the First World War, the Russian Empire, Russian Stavka, General Headquarters set up two Fronts: Northwestern Front (Russian Empire), Northwestern Front, uniting forces deployed against German Empire, and Southwestern Front (Russian Empire), Southwestern Front, uniting forces deployed against Austria-Hungary. In August 1915, Northwestern Front was split into Northern Front (Russian Empire), Northern Front and Western Front (Russian Empire), Western Front. At th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Samoylo
Alexander Alexandrovich Samoylo (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Само́йло; October 23 (November 4) 1869 – November 8, 1963) was a commander in the Imperial Russian Army and Red Army during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Before the 1917 Russian Revolution, he was a major general on the general staff and Chief of Staff of the 10th Army. After the Russian Revolution, he was made commander of the 6th Red Army on the Northern Front between 22 November 1918 and 15 April 1920. In that capacity, he fought against the Allied intervention in Northern Russia. He also commanded the Red Army Eastern front during 4 weeks in May 1919. In 1940, he became lieutenant general of aviation and in 1943 a professor. He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1944 onwards. He was a recipient of the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Patriotic War The Order of the Patriotic War (russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Yurenev
Konstantin Konstantinovich Yurenev (russian: Константи́н Константи́нович Юре́нев), also known as Konstantin Konstantinovich Krotovsky (russian: Константин Константинович Кротовский) (1888 – 1 August 1938), was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician and diplomat. Life and career Early revolutionary career Yurenev was born at Dvinsk station on the Riga-Orlov railway in the family of a railway watchman. He joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) in 1905 and later its Bolshevik faction in 1906. In 1908, he was arrested and sentenced to three years' exile in Arkhangelsk. When his term of exile was completed, he settled in St Petersburg, but split with the Bolsheviks their leader Vladimir Lenin pronounced that all Mensheviks were to be expelled from the RSDLP. In 1913, he co-founded the 'Inter-Borough Organisation' or Mezhraiontsy, who were neither Bolsheviks nor Mensheviks, but were inspi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Lashevich
Mikhail Mikhailovich Lashevich (russian: Михаил Михайлович Лашевич; 1884 in Odessa, Russian Empire – 30 August 1928 in Harbin, China), also known under the name ''Gaskovich'', was a Soviet military and party leader. Lashevich was born as Moisey Gaskovich into a Jewish merchant family in Odessa. He joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1901 and after the split of 1903 adhered with the Bolshevik faction."Lashevich Mikhail Mikhailovich" He was conscripted into the Imperial Russian Army during the First World War and was twice wounded. After the , he went to St. Petersburg, where he opposed the decision of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Ivanovich Gusev
Sergei Ivanovich Gusev (AKA "Gussev") (Russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Гу́сев) (real name - Yakov Davidovich Drabkin: Russian — Я́ков Дави́дович Дра́бкин) (1 January 1874 – 10 June 1933) was a Russian revolutionary, a founding member of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP), and Soviet politician. Early career Yakov Davidovich Drabkin was born on January 1, 1874, in Sapozhok, Ryazan Governorate, in the Russian Empire. He became involved in the revolutionary movement as a schoolboy in Rostov-on-Don, where his family moved in 1887. In 1896, as a student at the St Petersburg Institute of Technology, using the alias S.I.Gusev, he joined the League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class, whose leading figure was Vladimir Lenin. In 1899, the police expelled him from St Petersburg, and ordered him to return to Rostov. Working full-time as a revolutionary organiser, he recreated the Rostov b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivar Smilga
Ivar Tenisovich Smilga (russian: И́вар Тени́сович Сми́лга, lv, Ivars Smilga; 1892–1938) was a Latvian Bolshevik leader, Soviet politician and economist. He was a member of the Left Opposition in the Soviet Union. Early life Ivar was born in Aloja in the Governorate of Livonia (modern Latvia), to parents he described as "land-owning farmers" and "highly intellectual.". His father played an active part in the 1905 Revolution, and was elected Chairman of the Revolutionary Administrative Committee for his district. In 1906, Tenis Smilga was caught and killed by a punitive expedition sent to crush the revolt in Livonia. Revolutionary career Smilga joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) as a 14 year schoolboy, in January 1907, and was arrested for the first time during a May Day demonstration that year. In 1910, he was again arrested for taking part in a student demonstration in Moscow to mark the death of Leo Tolstoy, calling for the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arkady Rosengolts
Arkady Pavlovich Rosengolts (Russian: Арка́дий Па́влович Розенго́льц; 4 November 1889 – 15 March 1938; sometimes spelled Rosengoltz or Rosenholz) was a Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet military leader, politician and diplomat. He was the People's Commissar of Foreign Trade and a defendant at the Moscow Trial of the Twenty-One in 1938. Early life Rosengolts was born in Vitebsk on November 4, 1889. He was the son of a Jewish merchant. Late in life, he said that he was raised by a woman who was an active revolutionary, and that at the age of ten, he had to hide illegal literature during a police raid. He joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party (RSDLP) in 1905, the year of the first, abortive Russian Revolution, and was arrested for the first at the age of 16. In 1906, he was a Bolshevik delegate to the Fourth RSDLP Congress, in Stockholm. He worked as an insurance agent and carried out work for the Bolshevik party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Smirnov (politician)
Ivan Nikitich Smirnov (russian: Ива́н Ники́тич Смирно́в) (1881 – 25 August 1936) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician and Communist Party functionary. A prominent member of the Left Opposition, he led a secret trotskyist opposition group in the Soviet Union during the Stalin period. He was arrested in 1933 and shot during the Great Purge. Political life He was born in Gorodishche, Penza Governorate in a family of Russian ethnicity. In 1899, Smirnov joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and became a Bolshevik. He led Party activity in Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Vyshniy Volochok, Rostov, Kharkov, and Tomsk. Smirnov was subject to repeated arrests. In 1916, he was called up for army service in a reserve regiment in Tomsk. In 1917, he became a member of the executive committee of the Tomsk Soviet. In August of the same year, Smirnov was one of the organizers and managers of the Bolshevist publishing house ''"Volna"'' (Wave) in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyotr Kobozev
Pyotr Alekseevich Kobozev (Russian: Пётр Алексеевич Кобозев) (13 August 1878, Pesochnya, (now Shilovsky District), Ryazan Oblast — 4 January 1941, Moscow) was a prominent Russian revolutionary, Soviet statesman and professor. He had played a significant role in establishing and maintaining Soviet regime in the Ural region, Turkestan and the Far East. Biography Pyotr Kobozev was born in 1878 in the village of Pesochnya, Spassky Uyezd (now Shilovsky District), Ryazan Governorate, in the family of Aleksey Fedotovich Kobozev, a Moscow railroad employee. Influenced by his mother, the daughter of a church acolyte, he went to a theological school and later to the Moscow seminary.Евгений ФедореПётр Алексеевич Кобозев: дело всей жизни 26 октября 2017 г. Информационное агентство Красная весна. In 1895 he left (other sources say he was expelled for participating in a student up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilhelm Garf
Vilhelm Evgenievich Garf (January 3, 1885 – August 22, 1938) was a Russian and Soviet military leader of German-Latvian descent, Colonel of the General Staff of the Russian Empire. He fought in the First World War, was a member of the Civil War as part of the Red Army, an Officer of the General Staff of the RIA, later - the General Headquarters of the Red Army of the highest service category, division commander and head of the Telecommunications Academy. V.N. Podbelsky. Later he was a victim of political repression in the USSR. He belonged to a German-Baltic noble family and was an evangelical Lutheran. His name appeared on the death list of 20 August 1938 which was signed by Joseph Stalin and Vyacheslav Molotov, alongside komkor Vladimir Gittis. He was convicted that day by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union of espionage and sentenced to death. He was executed two days later at Kommunarka. Biography Born in Grodno (now the Republic of Belarus), the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kolenkovsky
Alexander Konstantinovich Kolenkovsky (September 4, 1880 – May 23, 1942) was a Russian and Soviet military leader, Soviet military historian, lieutenant general (1940), professor (1938), doctor of military sciences (1941). Biography Alexander Konstantinovich Kolenkovsky was born in 1880 in Nikolaev of the Kherson province, in the family of an officer. Received home education. On September 30, 1897, he entered the Odessa Infantry Junker School, was released in 1900, a second lieutenant in the 52nd Infantry Regiment, then served in the 218th Borisoglebsky Infantry Regiment. Member of the Russo-Japanese War, commanded a company, was an adjutant of the regiment. In 1912 he graduated from the Nikolaev Military Academy in the 1st category, since 1913 he served the censored company command in the 14th rifle regiment. World War I During the First World War, Kolenkovsky was senior adjutant of the headquarters of the 64th Infantry Division (Russian Empire). In February 1915 he parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Sollogub
Nikolai Vladimirovich Sollogub (russian: Николай Владимирович Соллогуб; – 7 August 1937) was a Soviet military specialist who served in World War I, the Russian Civil War, and the Polish-Soviet War, reaching the rank of Komdiv in the Red Army. During the Great Purges he was imprisoned and executed. Biography Sollogub was born into a noble family in the Minsk Governorate of the Russian Empire. He entered military service on 31 August 1900, later graduating from the Pavlovsk Military School in 1902 and the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff, Russia's senior staff college, in 1910. During World War I, he served in several staff posts with the 1st Army. In January 1917 he joined the staff of the quartermaster general of the Special Army before transferring to a similar post with the 11th Army from August to September. During the Civil War he voluntarily joined the ranks of the Red Army. From September to December he was a staff officer for the W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
