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Dmitri Mendeleev
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (sometimes transliterated as Mendeleyev or Mendeleef) ( ; russian: links=no, Дмитрий Иванович Менделеев, tr. , ; 8 February O.S. 27 January">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 27 January18342 February [O.S. 20 January] 1907) was a Russian chemist and inventor. He is best known for formulating the Periodic Law and creating a version of the periodic table, periodic table of elements. He used the Periodic Law not only to correct the then-accepted properties of some known elements, such as the valence and atomic weight of uranium, but also to predict the properties of three elements that were yet to be discovered. Early life Mendeleev was born in the village of Verkhnie Aremzyani, near Tobolsk in Siberia, to (1783–1847) and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva ( née Kornilieva) (1793–1850).''Maria Mendeleeva (1951)''. D. I. Mendeleev's Archive: Autobiographical Writings. Col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tobolsk Governorate
Tobolsk Governorate (russian: Тобольская губерния) was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire, Russian Republic and RSFSR located in the Ural Mountains and Siberia. It existed from 1796 to 1920; its seat was in the city of Tobolsk, in 1919–1920 in the city of Tyumen. General information Its total area as of 1913 was . According to data at the end of the 19th century, the area of the Governorate was divided into 10 ''uezds'' (until 1898, ''okrugs''). History 18th century In official documents of the second half of the 18th century, the name ''Tobolsk Governorate'' is often used as a designation for Siberia Governorate in the last stage of its existence (1764–1782). On 19 January ( 30 January) 1782, Tobolsk Governorate was formed by decree of the Empress of Russia Catherine II as part of the Tobolsk Viceroyalty with two oblasts: Tobolsk Oblast (included ten ''uezds'') and Tomsk Oblast (six ''uezds''), which became part o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with the symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a silvery-grey metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Uranium is weakly radioactive because all isotopes of uranium are unstable; the half-lives of its naturally occurring isotopes range between 159,200 years and 4.5 billion years. The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238 (which has 146 neutrons and accounts for over 99% of uranium on Earth) and uranium-235 (which has 143 neutrons). Uranium has the highest atomic weight of the primordially occurring elements. Its density is about 70% higher than that of lead, and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten. It occurs naturally in low concentrations of a few parts per million in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite. In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2739 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khimiya I Zhizn – XXI Vek
''Khimiya i Zhizn – XXI Vek'' (russian: "Химия и жизнь – XXI век", ''Chemistry and Life – 21st Century'') is a Russian popular scientific monthly magazine, known as simply ''Khimiya i Zhizn'' during Soviet times. The first issue of the magazine was published in April, 1965, with the circulation of 12,500. Lately this figure reached 150,000. Since 1997 the magazine is known as ''Khimiya i Zhizn – XXI Vek''. External linksOfficial website (in Russian) 1965 establishments in the Soviet Union Magazines established in 1965 Popular science magazines Russian-language magazines Monthly magazines published in Russia Science and technology magazines published in Russia Magazines published in the Soviet Union {{sci-mag-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalmyks
The Kalmyks ( Kalmyk: Хальмгуд, ''Xaľmgud'', Mongolian: Халимагууд, ''Halimaguud''; russian: Калмыки, translit=Kalmyki, archaically anglicised as ''Calmucks'') are a Mongolic ethnic group living mainly in Russia, whose ancestors migrated from Dzungaria. They created the Kalmyk Khanate from 1635 to 1779 in Russia's North Caucasus territory. Today they form a majority in Kalmykia, located in the Kalmyk Steppe, on the western shore of the Caspian Sea. They are the only traditionally Buddhist people whose homeland is located within Europe. Through emigration, small Kalmyk communities have been established in the United States, France, Germany, and the Czech Republic. Origins and history Early history of the Oirats The Kalmyk are a branch of the Oirat Mongols, whose ancient grazing-lands spanned present-day parts of Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia and China. After the fall of the Mongol Yuan dynasty of China in 1368, the Oirats emerged as a formidable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teleuts
Teleuts ( alt, тэлэңэт, тэлэңут, Telenget, Telengut) are a Turkic indigenous people of Siberia living in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. According to the 2010 census, there were 2,643 Teleuts in Russia. They speak the Southern Altai Teleut language/dialect. In the Soviet years and until 2000, the authorities considered the Teleuts to be part of the Altai people. Currently, according to the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 255 dated March 24, 2000, as well as 2002 and 2010 Russian Census, they are recognized as a separate ethnic group within indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. History The Teleuts were once part of the Tiele people. They came under the rule of the First Turkic Khaganate. The Teleuts emerged from the result of Kipchaks and Mongols mixing together. Near the end of the 16th century, the Teleuts wandered the steppe between the Irtysh and the Ob'. They became nominal subjects to the Oirats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Posad
A posad (russian: посад, uk, посад) was a historical type of settlement in East Slavic lands since the Ancient Rus, often surrounded by ramparts and a moat, adjoining a town or a kremlin, but outside of it, or adjoining a monastery in the 10th to 15th centuries. The posad was inhabited by craftsmen and merchants and was its own distinct community, separate from the city it adjoined. Some posads developed into towns, such as Pavlovsky Posad and Sergiev Posad. During the 1920s administrative territorial reform in the Soviet Union, posads were converted into urban-type settlements. History The posad was the center of trade in Ancient Rus. Merchants and craftsmen resided there and sold goods such as pottery, armor, glass and copperware, icons, and clothing; as well as food, wax, and salt. Most large cities were adjoined by a posad, frequently situated below the main citadel and by a river. Posads were sometimes fortified with earthen walls. As posads developed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberian
Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part of Russia since the latter half of the 16th century, after the Russians conquered lands east of the Ural Mountains. Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over , but home to merely one-fifth of Russia's population. Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk and Omsk are the largest cities in the region. Because Siberia is a geographic and historic region and not a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia extends eastwards from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and includes most of the drainage basin of the Arctic Ocean. The river Yenisey divides Siberia into two parts, Western and Eastern. Siberia stretches southwards from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theological Seminary
A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called ''seminarians'') in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, in academics, or mostly in Christian ministry. The English word is taken from the Latin ''seminarium'', translated as ''seed-bed'', an image taken from the Council of Trent document ''Cum adolescentium aetas'' which called for the first modern seminaries. In the United States, the term is currently used for graduate-level theological institutions, but historically it was used for high schools. History The establishment of seminaries in modern times resulted from Roman Catholic reforms of the Counter-Reformation after the Council of Trent. These Tridentine seminaries placed great emphasis on spiritual formation and personal discipline as well as the study, first of philosophy as a base, and, then, as the final crown, theology. The oldest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tver
Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population: Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian Empire, with a population of 60,000 on 14 January 1913. It is situated at the confluence of the Volga and Tvertsa Rivers. The city was known as Kalinin ( rus, Кали́нин, Kalínin) from 1931 to 1990. The city is where three rivers meet, splitting the town into northern and southern parts by the Volga River, and divided again into quarters by the Tvertsa River, which splits the left (northern) bank into east and west halves, and the Tmaka River which does the same along the southern bank. History Medieval origins Tver's foundation year is officially accepted to be 1135,Charter of Tver, Article 1 although there is no universal agreement on this date and some estimates place it as late as the second half of the 13th centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Orthodox Church
, native_name_lang = ru , image = Moscow July 2011-7a.jpg , imagewidth = , alt = , caption = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, Russia , abbreviation = ROC , type = , main_classification = Eastern Orthodox , orientation = Russian Orthodoxy , scripture = Elizabeth Bible (Church Slavonic language, Church Slavonic)Russian Synodal Bible, Synodal Bible (Russian language, Russian) , theology = Eastern Orthodox theology , polity = Episcopal polity, Episcopal , governance = Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church , structure = Koinonia, Communion , leader_title = , leader_name = , leader_title1 = Primate , leader_name1 = Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', Patriarch Patriarch Kirill of Moscow, Kirill of Moscow , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = , leader_title3 = Bishops , leader_ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saratov
Saratov (, ; rus, Сара́тов, a=Ru-Saratov.ogg, p=sɐˈratəf) is the largest city and administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River upstream (north) of Volgograd. Saratov had a population of 901,361, making it the 17th-largest city in Russia by population. Saratov is from Volgograd, from Samara, and southeast of Moscow. The city stands near the site of Uvek, a city of the Golden Horde. Tsar Feodor I of Russia likely developed Saratov as a fortress to secure Russia's southeastern border. Saratov developed as a shipping port along the Volga and was historically important to the Volga Germans, who settled in large numbers in the city before they were expelled after World War II. Saratov is home to a number of cultural and educational institutions, including the Saratov Drama Theater, Saratov Conservatory, Radishchev Art Museum, Saratov State Technical University, and Saratov State University. Etymology The na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tambov
Tambov (, ; rus, Тамбов, p=tɐmˈbof) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 ( 2010 Census); 293,658 ( 2002 Census); Etymology The name "Tambov" originates from the Mokshan word( mdf, томбале, tombale, the other side, the remote one) Geography Urban layout In terms of its layout, Tambov was no different from other fortified cities - the Kremlin, the prison and a small settlement. The chosen place was in full compliance with the requirements of the fortification. From the north and east, the new fortress was washed by rivers, and from the west and south it was protected by artificial ditches filled with water by the Studenets River. The Kremlin was surrounded by a six-meter wooden wall with 12 towers, from the south-west it was adjoined by a prison, also surrounded by a wall, and beyond the river there was a settlement. A ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
