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Devětsil
The Devětsil () was an association of Czech avant-garde artists, founded in 1920 in Prague. From 1923 on there was also an active group in Brno. The movement discontinued its activities in 1930 (1927 in Brno). Founded as U. S. Devětsil (Umělecký Svaz Devětsil - Devětsil Artistic Federation), its name was changed several times. From 1925, it was called the Svaz moderní kultury Devětsil (the Devětsil Union of Modern Culture). The artistic output of its members was varied, but typically focused on magic realism, proletkult, and, beginning in 1923, Poetism, an artistic program formulated by Vítězslav Nezval and Karel Teige. The group was very active in organizing the Czech art scene of the period. Members published several art magazines - ''ReD'' (Revue Devětsilu), ''Disk'' and ''Pásmo'', as well as occasional anthologies (most importantly ''Devětsil'' and ''Život'') and organized several exhibitions. For the most part, Devětsil artists produced poetry and illustrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poetism
Poetism (in Czech: ''poetismus'') was an artistic program in Czechoslovakia which belongs to the avant-garde; it has never spread abroad. It was invented by members of avant-garde association Devětsil, mainly Vítězslav Nezval and Karel Teige. It is mainly known in the literature form, however, it was also intended as a lifestyle. Its poems were apolitical, optimistic, emotional, proletaristic, describing ordinary, real things and everyday life, dealing mainly with the present time. It doesn't have any punctuation. Poetism is an early 20th-century avant-garde literary movement in Czech between the two world wars. Poetism in early phase introduced to Czech art and synthesized Cubo-Futurism, Dadaism and Constructivism. It is a purely Czech artistic movement that mixes and translates the knowledge of other world-wide artistic movements. It embraced all new art instead of being oriented solely toward literature and poetry. It was in the spirit of avant-garde and social utopian theor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vítězslav Nezval
Vítězslav Nezval (; 26 May 1900 – 6 April 1958) was a Czech poet, writer and translator. He was one of the most prolific avant-garde Czech writers in the first half of the 20th century and a co-founder of the Surrealist movement in Czechoslovakia. Biography His father was a school teacher in the village of Biskoupky in Southern Moravia who often traveled to see art exhibitions and was also a musician who studied under the composer Leoš Janáček.Serafin, S., ''Twentieth-Century Eastern European Writers'', Vol. 1 (Farmington Hills: Gale Group, 1999). At age eleven, Nezval was sent to the gymnasium in Třebíč, where he learned piano and to compose music. He began writing in his teenage years while he was still interested in music. He was said to have played an accordion while studying the stars. In 1918, he was drafted into the Austrian army, but quickly sent home when he became ill. After the first World War, Nezval moved to Prague and began studying philosophy at the Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evžen Linhart
Evžen Linhart (20 March 1898, Kouřim – 29 December 1949, Prague) otherwise known as Eugen Linhart was a Czech architect and designer of furniture, exponent of Czech functionalism and purism Purism, referring to the arts, was a movement that took place between 1918 and 1925 that influenced French painting and architecture. Purism was led by Amédée Ozenfant and Charles Edouard Jeanneret (Le Corbusier). Ozenfant and Le Corbusier f .... he was one from the members of Puristic fourth, he belongs to the representants of the architecture in association of modern Czech avant-garde Devětsil. See also * association of modern Czech avant-garde Devětsil * List of Czech architects External linksOwn villa in Prague(in Czech) {{DEFAULTSORT:Linhart, Evzen 1898 births 1949 deaths People from Kolín District Czech architects Czech designers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karel Teige
Karel Teige (13 December 1900 – 1 October 1951) was a Czech modernist avant-garde artist, writer, critic and one of the most important figures of the 1920s and 1930s movement. He was a member of the '' Devětsil'' (Butterbur) movement in the 1920s and also worked as an editor and graphic designer for Devětsil's monthly magazine ''ReD'' (''Revue Devětsilu''). One of his major works on architecture theory is ''The Minimum Dwelling'' (1932). Life and career Teige was born in Prague. With evidently endless energy, he introduced modern art to Prague. ''Devětsil''-sponsored exhibitions and events brought international avant-garde figures like Le Corbusier, Man Ray, Paul Klee, Vladimir Mayakovsky, and Walter Gropius, among many others, to lecture and perform in Prague. Teige interpreted their work, sometimes literally, for the Czech audience. In his 1935 Prague lecture, André Breton paid tribute to his "perfect intellectual fellowship" with Teige and Nezval: "Constantly interp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Hoffmeister
Adolf Hoffmeister (15 August 1902 – 24 July 1973) was a Czechoslovak illustrator, caricaturist, painter, writer, poet, journalist, politician, diplomat and traveler. Life and career Early life He was born in Prague, to the family of a Prague lawyer. He grew up in a cultivated intellectual environment, his uncle was the composer and educator Karel Hoffmeister. In the years 1912–1921, he studied at the Real Gymnasium school in Křemencova Street in Prague, where most of the future members of the avant-garde group Devětsil met. When Devětsil was founded on October 5, 1920, Adolf Hoffmeister became its youngest member and at the same time an executive. After graduating, he continued his studies at the Faculty of Law of Charles University in Prague, which he completed in 1925 by obtaining a doctorate. In the summer semester of 1924 he studied Egyptology at the University of Cambridge. From 1917 he started writing poems, which he first published in magazines under variou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emil František Burian
Emil František Burian (11 June 1904 – 9 August 1959) was a Czech poet, journalist, singer, actor, musician, composer, dramatic adviser, playwright and director. He was also active in Communist Party of Czechoslovakia politics. Early life and career Burian was born in Plzeň, Czechoslovakia, where he came from a musical family. His father, Emil Burian, was an opera singer. E. F. Burian himself is the father of singer and writer Jan Burian. He studied under the tutelage of J. B. Foerster at Prague Conservatory, whence he graduated in 1927, but had begun participating in cultural life much sooner. Along with Karel Teige and Vítězslav Nezval, E. F. Burian was a key member of Devětsil, an association of Czech avant-garde artists in the 1920s.Gafijczuk, D., & Sayer, D., ''The Inhabited Ruins of Central Europe: Re-imagining Space, History, and Memory'' (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013)p. 149 In 1926–1927 he worked with Osvobozené divadlo, but after disputes with Jind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jindřich Honzl
Jindřich Honzl (14 May 1894 – 20 April 1953) was a Czech theatre theorist, film and theatre director and pedagogue who was a leading representative of Czech modern theater. Biography Honzl was born on May 14, 1894, in Humpolec in the family of a tailor and factory worker. In 1914 he graduated from pedagogical courses in Prague. From 1914 to 1927 he taught chemistry and physics at schools in Prague. After the end of World War I, he became active in politics and cultural issues and wrote the social democratic press. In his hometown, and his interest in theater was stimulated by the amateur performances of the workers' association in the Na Kuchařově inn, where his mother performed. From 1921 he was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. He devoted himself to theater in the Dědrasbor (Workers' Drama Choir), which was a proletarian amateur theatre movement influenced by the Proletkult, and especially in Devětsil, in whose anthology he was able to publish his theo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiří Wolker
Jiří Wolker () (29 March 1900 – 3 January 1924) was a Czech poet, journalist and playwright. He was one of the founding members of KSČ - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - in 1921. Life He was born in Prostějov, into a cultural family. He studied at the Prostějov gymnasium, and after he graduated, he moved to Prague. He studied law there, but simultaneously attended lectures of Zdeněk Nejedlý and F. X. Šalda at the Faculty of Arts. He was in close connection with the association of Czech avant-garde artists Devětsil. Wolker suffered of lung disease and died of tuberculosis at age 23. Work * ''Host do domu'' (1921) - poetry * ''Proletářské umění'' (1922) * ''Těžká hodina'' (1922) - poetry, the book jacket of the first edition was created by the Czech painter Josef Čapek Josef Čapek (; 23 March 1887 – April 1945) was a Czech artist who was best known as a painter, but who was also noted as a writer and a poet. He invented the word "robot", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaromír Krejcar
(25 July 1895, Hundsheim, Austria – 5 October 1950, London) was a Czech functionalistic architect, student of Jan Kotěra and member of Devětsil. He collaborated with Czech structural engineer, Dr. Jaroslav Josef Polivka on the internationally acclaimed Czech Pavilion at the Paris Exposition of 1937. Krejcar was husband of journalist Milena Jesenská and father of Jana Krejcarová. After the Communist-organized 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état he went to exile to the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan .... 1895 births 1950 deaths People from Bruck an der Leitha District Czech architects Czechoslovak emigrants to the United Kingdom Czechoslovak exiles {{CzechRepublic-architect-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Biebl
Konstantin Biebl (26 February 1898, Slavětín – 12 November 1951, Prague) was a Czech poet and writer. His first collection of poems was released in 1923, and his last in 1951, the year of his death by suicide. During that time he also travelled widely as a reporter. Biebl was a member of the Communist Party Czechoslovakia, and was closely associated with other Czech Communist writers and poets including Jiří Wolker and Vítězslav Nezval. Biography Early life Konstantin Biebl was born in Slavětín near Louny, Bohemia, then Austria-Hungary. His father was a dentist in Louny, given to writing poetry and painting. He committed suicide in 1916 while serving as a surgeon in Galicia.ed. Milan Blahynka: Čeští spisovatelé 20. století, Prague 1985 Arnošt Ráž, a brother of Konstantin's mother, was a poet. Konstantin studied at gymnasium first in Louny (1909–1914) and then in Malá Strana, Prague.Vladimír Justl: Život a dílo Konstantina Biebla, in: Konstantin B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiří Voskovec
Jiří Voskovec (), born Jiří Wachsmann and known in the United States as George Voskovec (June 19, 1905 – July 1, 1981) was a Czech actor, writer, dramatist, and director who became an American citizen in 1955. Throughout much of his career he was associated with actor and playwright Jan Werich. In the U.S., he is best known for his role as the polite Juror #11 in the 1957 film ''12 Angry Men''. Life and career Voskovec was born as Jiří Wachsmann in Sázava in Bohemia to Jiřina Valentina Marie ( Pinkasová; 1867-1939) and Václav Vilém Eduard ( Voskovec; later Wachsmann; 1864-1945). He had two siblings, Mrs. Olga Adriena Kluckaufová and Dr. Prokop Voskovec. His granduncle was Bedřich Wachsmann and his cousin was Alois Wachsman, both painters and architects. Another uncle was Austrian painter Julius Wachsmann (1866–1936). He immigrated to the US in 1939 and again in 1948 with the onset of the National Socialist and Stalinist regimes, respectively, in Czechoslovak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaroslav Seifert
Jaroslav Seifert (; 23 September 1901 – 10 January 1986) was a Czech writer, poet and journalist. Seifert was awarded the 1984 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his poetry which endowed with freshness, sensuality and rich inventiveness provides a liberating image of the indomitable spirit and versatility of man". Biography Born in Žižkov, a suburb of Prague in what was then part of Austria-Hungary, Seifert's first collection of poems was published in 1921. He was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ), the editor of a number of communist newspapers and magazines – ''Rovnost'', ''Sršatec'', and ''Reflektor'' – and the employee of a communist publishing house. During the 1920s he was considered a leading representative of the Czechoslovak artistic avant-garde. He was one of the founders of the journal Devětsil. In March 1929, he and six other writers left the KSČ after signing a manifesto protesting against Bolshevized Stalinist-influenced tendencies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
