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Democracy And Catalonia
Democracy and Catalonia ( ca, Democràcia i Catalunya, DiC) was a Catalan electoral alliance formed by Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC), Democratic Left of Catalonia (EDC), Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC) and Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping (PSC–R) to contest the 1977 Spanish Senate election. History The origins of the Democracy and Catalonia alliance can be traced back to Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C) secretary-general Joan Reventós's proposal in December 1976 for establishing a broad "Catalan agreement" ( ca, entesa catalana) comprising all Catalanist parties for the Spanish Senate 1977 election that would ensure a strong Catalan presence in the newly-elected parliament and in support of the Catalan Statute and of the restoration of the Generalitat de Catalunya. As the heavily crowded Catalan political space was in the process of reorganization ahead of the general election, speculation emerged in late March 1977 that talks we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convergence And Union
Convergence and Union ( ca, Convergència i Unió, CiU; ) was a Catalan nationalist electoral alliance in Catalonia, Spain. It was a federation of two constituent parties, the larger Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) and its smaller counterpart, the Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC). It was dissolved on 17 June 2015. CiU was a Catalan nationalist coalition. It was usually seen as a moderate nationalist party in Spain, although a significant part of its membership had shifted to open Catalan independentism in recent years and in 2014 demonstrated its intention to hold a referendum on Catalan independence. There is some debate as to whether the coalition was conservative or centrist. Liberal tendencies dominate the larger CDC, while the smaller UDC is a Christian democratic party. As for its position in the nationalist debate, it was deliberately ambiguous so as to appeal to the broadest spectrum possible, from voters who seek full independence from Spain to those who a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Senate
The Senate ( es, Senado) is the upper house of the Cortes Generales, which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. The composition of the Senate is established in Part III of the Spanish Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a province, an autonomous city or an autonomous community. Each mainland province, regardless of its population size, is equally represented by four senators; in the insular provinces, the big islands are represented by three senators and the minor islands are represented by a single senator. Likewise, the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla elect two senators each. This direct election results in the election of 208 senators by the citizens. In addition, the regional legislatures also designate their own representatives, one senator for each autonomous community and another for every million r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate Of Spain
The Senate ( es, Senado) is the upper house of the Cortes Generales, which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. The composition of the Senate is established in Part III of the Spanish Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a province, an autonomous city or an autonomous community. Each mainland province, regardless of its population size, is equally represented by four senators; in the insular provinces, the big islands are represented by three senators and the minor islands are represented by a single senator. Likewise, the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla elect two senators each. This direct election results in the election of 208 senators by the citizens. In addition, the regional legislatures also designate their own representatives, one senator for each autonomous community and another for every million r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unified Socialist Party Of Catalonia
The Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia ( ca, Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya, PSUC) was a communist political party active in Catalonia between 1936 and 1997. It was the Catalan branch of the Communist Party of Spain and the only party not from a sovereign state to be a full member of the Third International. History The PSUC was formed on 23 July 1936 through the unification of four left-wing groups; the small Catalan Federation of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), the Partit Comunista de Catalunya (Communist Party of Catalonia, the Catalan branch of the Communist Party of Spain, PCE), the Unió Socialista de Catalunya (''Socialist Union of Catalonia'') and the Partit Català Proletari (''Proletarian Catalan Party.'' a Catalan separatist far left party). Burnett Bolloten estimates that at unification, the party numbered some 2,500 members. Nine months later, the party ranks had swollen to 50,000 members. The first leaders of the PSUC were Joan Comorera and Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange which allocates products to everyone in the society.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." Communist society also involves the absence of private property, social classes, money, and the state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance, but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a more libertarian approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and a more vanguardist or communist party-driven approach through the development of a constitutional socialist state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agreement Of The Catalans
Agreement of the Catalans ( ca, Entesa dels Catalans) was a Catalan electoral alliance formed by the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C), the Catalan Socialist Federation (FSC), the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC) and the Left of Catalonia platform—supported by the still-illegal Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), Party of Labour of Catalonia (PTC) and Catalan State (EC)—to contest the 1977 Spanish Senate election. Securing 12 out of the 16 Catalan senators at stake, the alliance's performance has been considered a historical success. The alliance broke up on 15 January 1979, shortly before the 1979 general election. History The alliance had its roots in a proposal made in December 1976 by Joan Reventós, secretary-general of the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C), for a broad "Catalan agreement" ( ca, entesa catalana) of Catalanist parties to ensure a strong Catalan presence in the first democratically elected parliament and cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Deputies
The Congress of Deputies ( es, link=no, Congreso de los Diputados, italic=unset) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. It has 350 members elected by constituency, constituencies (matching fifty Provinces of Spain, Spanish provinces and two Autonomous cities of Spain, autonomous cities) by closed list proportional representation using the D'Hondt method. Deputies serve four-year terms. The presiding officer is the President of the Congress of Deputies, who is elected by the members thereof. It is the analogue to a speaker. In the Congress, MPs from the List of political parties in Spain, political parties, or groups of parties, form Parliamentary group (Spain), parliamentary groups. Groups must be formed by at least 15 deputies, but a group can also be formed with only five deputies if the parties got at least 5% of the nationwide vote, or 15% of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of The Centre And Christian Democracy Of Catalonia
Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia ( ca, Unió del Centre i la Democràcia Cristiana de Catalunya, UCiDCC) was an electoral coalition formed in Catalonia in December 1976 to contest the Spanish Congress of Deputies election of 1977, the first democratic election to be held in Spain since the Second Spanish Republic. It was formed by the Catalan Centre (CC) and the historic Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC), and came to be supported by the Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State, which did not run on its own in Catalonia. The coalition was officially registered on 3 May 1977. The alliance dissolved shortly after the election upon the start of the newly elected parliament, with UDC deputy Antón Cañellas joining the Catalan–Basque Group and Carlos Güell going into the Mixed Group. History The alliance was formed by the Catalan Centre (CC) and the historic Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC), which on 28 December 1976 had signed an agreement for c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Pact For Catalonia
The Democratic Pact for Catalonia ( ca, Pacte Democràtic per Catalunya, PDC or PDpC) was a Catalan electoral alliance established in May 1977 ahead of the Spanish Congress of Deputies 15 June election. It ran on a political platform emphasizing the need of approving a statute of autonomy for Catalonia. The coalition comprised members from two separate, previously established alliances: Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) and Democratic Left of Catalonia (EDC) from the Democratic Front for Catalonia ( ca, Front Democràtic per Catalunya, FDC), and the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping (PSC–R) and the National Front of Catalonia (FNC) from the Left Front ( ca, Front d'Esquerres, FdE). It obtained 514,647 votes (16.88% of the vote in Catalonia, 2.81% of the votes in Spain) and 11 deputies, of which 5 were for CDC, 4 for PSC–R and 2 for EDC. Its leader was Jordi Pujol. Shortly after the election, the coalition dissolved, as the PSC–R joined the Catalan Federation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Front Of Catalonia
The National Front of Catalonia (Catalan: ''Front Nacional de Catalunya'', FNC) was a Catalan separatist party which was active between 1940 and 1990. The FNC was created in 1940 by former members of the Estat Català and the Catalan Nationalist Party, with the latter dissolving and splitting its membership between the Estat Català and the FNC. The main goals of the FNC were to present an opposing front to the Spanish State of caudillo Franco and to advocate for Catalan independence. In 1946, the FNC became an officially independent party by breaking its relationship with the Estat Català. Origin The FNC was born in April 1940 in Paris as a patriotic front in the hands of several exiled nationalist militants of Estat Català and belonging to all the different sectors that corresponded to the ancient parties and organizations that entered Estat Català when he left Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya RCMay 1936. Among the founders there are: Joan Cornudella i Barberà and An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democratic Party Of Catalonia
The Social Democratic Party of Catalonia ( ca, Partit Social Demòcrata de Catalunya, also ''Partit Socialdemòcrata de Catalunya'', PSDC) was a political party in Catalonia, led by Jaume Casanovas and defining itself as left liberal, that split from Democratic Left of Catalonia (EDC) in April 1976 over leadership rather than ideological disagreements. The party would join the Spanish Social Democratic Federation of Francisco Fernández Ordóñez and José Ramón Lasuén. History The PSDC was founded by members of the Democratic Left of Catalonia (EDC) leaving the party in April 1976 under Jaume Casanovas, which had been one of EDC's founders and leaders before disagreements over the political leadership of the party resulted in the PSDC's split. The new party was publicly presented on 29 July 1976, and officially registered on 7 March 1977. In May 1977, the party had planned to coalesce into the Union of the Democratic Centre in Catalonia alliance together with the People's Party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Centre
Catalan Centre ( ca, Centre Català) was a Spanish political party of the Catalan region born during the Spanish transition to democracy in 1976. It was part of the Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia (UCiDCC) in the 1977 Spanish general election, but it later dissolved to merge into the Union of the Centre of Catalonia (UCC) in 1978. History The party was created in Barcelona by the initiative of young entrepreneurs and professionals linked to the Barcelona Economic Circle and the ''Jove Cambra'' (chamber of young entrepreneurs). Its president was Joan Mas, with Joaquim Molins as secretary-general, with the party including other entrepreneurs like Carlos Ferrer Salat, Carles Güell de Sentmenat, Jordi Planasdemunt, Figa and Vicenç Lluís Oller, all of them without links neither with the Francoist regime nor with the clandestine democratic opposition. Its program was defined as Catalanist, federalist, pro-European and advocating a free market economy. Influ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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