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Democratic Pact For Catalonia
The Democratic Pact for Catalonia ( ca, Pacte Democràtic per Catalunya, PDC or PDpC) was a Catalan electoral alliance established in May 1977 ahead of the Spanish Congress of Deputies 15 June election. It ran on a political platform emphasizing the need of approving a statute of autonomy for Catalonia. The coalition comprised members from two separate, previously established alliances: Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) and Democratic Left of Catalonia (EDC) from the Democratic Front for Catalonia ( ca, Front Democràtic per Catalunya, FDC), and the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping (PSC–R) and the National Front of Catalonia (FNC) from the Left Front ( ca, Front d'Esquerres, FdE). It obtained 514,647 votes (16.88% of the vote in Catalonia, 2.81% of the votes in Spain) and 11 deputies, of which 5 were for CDC, 4 for PSC–R and 2 for EDC. Its leader was Jordi Pujol. Shortly after the election, the coalition dissolved, as the PSC–R joined the Catalan Federation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jordi Pujol
Jordi Pujol Soley (, born 9 June 1930) is a Catalan politician who was the leader of the party Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya (CDC) from 1974 to 2003, and President of the Generalitat de Catalunya from 1980 to 2003. Early life Pujol was born in Barcelona, studied at the German School of Barcelona and received a medical degree from the University of Barcelona. During his college years, he joined different activist groups that were seeking to rebuild the ideal Catalonia that the Spanish Civil War and Franco's dictatorship had undermined. Among these organizations were ''Grup Torras i Bages'' (where he met other activists such as Jaume Carner or Joan Reventós), ''Comissió Abat Oliva'', ''Grup Pere Figuera'' or ''Cofradia de la Mare de Déu de Montserrat de Virtèlia''. In 1960, in the course of an homage to Catalan poet Joan Maragall, held in Palau de la Música Catalana, part of the audience sang the ''Cant de la Senyera'' (''The Song of the Flag'' in English) despite b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Front Of Catalonia
The National Front of Catalonia (Catalan: ''Front Nacional de Catalunya'', FNC) was a Catalan separatist party which was active between 1940 and 1990. The FNC was created in 1940 by former members of the Estat Català and the Catalan Nationalist Party, with the latter dissolving and splitting its membership between the Estat Català and the FNC. The main goals of the FNC were to present an opposing front to the Spanish State of caudillo Franco and to advocate for Catalan independence. In 1946, the FNC became an officially independent party by breaking its relationship with the Estat Català. Origin The FNC was born in April 1940 in Paris as a patriotic front in the hands of several exiled nationalist militants of Estat Català and belonging to all the different sectors that corresponded to the ancient parties and organizations that entered Estat Català when he left Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya RCMay 1936. Among the founders there are: Joan Cornudella i Barberà and An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of The Centre And Christian Democracy Of Catalonia
Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia ( ca, Unió del Centre i la Democràcia Cristiana de Catalunya, UCiDCC) was an electoral coalition formed in Catalonia in December 1976 to contest the Spanish Congress of Deputies election of 1977, the first democratic election to be held in Spain since the Second Spanish Republic. It was formed by the Catalan Centre (CC) and the historic Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC), and came to be supported by the Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State, which did not run on its own in Catalonia. The coalition was officially registered on 3 May 1977. The alliance dissolved shortly after the election upon the start of the newly elected parliament, with UDC deputy Antón Cañellas joining the Catalan–Basque Group and Carlos Güell going into the Mixed Group. History The alliance was formed by the Catalan Centre (CC) and the historic Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC), which on 28 December 1976 had signed an agreement for c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Centre
Catalan Centre ( ca, Centre Català) was a Spanish political party of the Catalan region born during the Spanish transition to democracy in 1976. It was part of the Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia (UCiDCC) in the 1977 Spanish general election, but it later dissolved to merge into the Union of the Centre of Catalonia (UCC) in 1978. History The party was created in Barcelona by the initiative of young entrepreneurs and professionals linked to the Barcelona Economic Circle and the ''Jove Cambra'' (chamber of young entrepreneurs). Its president was Joan Mas, with Joaquim Molins as secretary-general, with the party including other entrepreneurs like Carlos Ferrer Salat, Carles Güell de Sentmenat, Jordi Planasdemunt, Figa and Vicenç Lluís Oller, all of them without links neither with the Francoist regime nor with the clandestine democratic opposition. Its program was defined as Catalanist, federalist, pro-European and advocating a free market economy. Influ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Senate
The Senate ( es, Senado) is the upper house of the Cortes Generales, which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. The composition of the Senate is established in Part III of the Spanish Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a province, an autonomous city or an autonomous community. Each mainland province, regardless of its population size, is equally represented by four senators; in the insular provinces, the big islands are represented by three senators and the minor islands are represented by a single senator. Likewise, the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla elect two senators each. This direct election results in the election of 208 senators by the citizens. In addition, the regional legislatures also designate their own representatives, one senator for each autonomous community and another for every million r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agreement Of The Catalans
Agreement of the Catalans ( ca, Entesa dels Catalans) was a Catalan electoral alliance formed by the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C), the Catalan Socialist Federation (FSC), the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC) and the Left of Catalonia platform—supported by the still-illegal Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), Party of Labour of Catalonia (PTC) and Catalan State (EC)—to contest the 1977 Spanish Senate election. Securing 12 out of the 16 Catalan senators at stake, the alliance's performance has been considered a historical success. The alliance broke up on 15 January 1979, shortly before the 1979 general election. History The alliance had its roots in a proposal made in December 1976 by Joan Reventós, secretary-general of the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C), for a broad "Catalan agreement" ( ca, entesa catalana) of Catalanist parties to ensure a strong Catalan presence in the first democratically elected parliament and cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Deputies
The Congress of Deputies ( es, link=no, Congreso de los Diputados, italic=unset) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. It has 350 members elected by constituency, constituencies (matching fifty Provinces of Spain, Spanish provinces and two Autonomous cities of Spain, autonomous cities) by closed list proportional representation using the D'Hondt method. Deputies serve four-year terms. The presiding officer is the President of the Congress of Deputies, who is elected by the members thereof. It is the analogue to a speaker. In the Congress, MPs from the List of political parties in Spain, political parties, or groups of parties, form Parliamentary group (Spain), parliamentary groups. Groups must be formed by at least 15 deputies, but a group can also be formed with only five deputies if the parties got at least 5% of the nationwide vote, or 15% of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialists Of Catalonia
Socialists of Catalonia ( ca, Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC–PSOE) was an electoral alliance formed to contest the 1977 Spanish Congress of Deputies election in Catalonia, comprising both the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C) and the Catalan Socialist Federation (PSOE). It was dissolved in 1978 when its two components merged with the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping (PSC–R) into the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC). For the Senate of Spain, the alliance supported the aligned Agreement of the Catalans coalition, which was participated by both the PSC–C and the PSOE. History The alliance was conceived within the Catalan parties' efforts at reorganizing the centre-left electoral space ahead of the 1977 Spanish general election. The Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress (PSC–C) under Joan Reventós aimed for establishing a "Candidacy of Socialist Unity" ( ca, Candidatura d'Unitat Socialista) with other similarly-aligned parties, including the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estat Català
Estat Català (, literally "Catalan State") is a pro-independence nationalist historical political party of Catalonia (Spain). History Estat Català is a historical pro-independence political party in Catalonia, Spain. It was founded by Francesc Macià in 1922, on its origins as a political nacional organisation and fighting of Catalan Nationalism whose purpose was to insurrect to the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera and bring about the independence of Catalonia from Spain in an international context. During the 1920s, the party was active in the fight against General Primo de Rivera's regime and the monarchy. Their actions included a failed assassination attempt against the King of Spain Alfonso XIII in an operation of its secret paramilitary unit named Santa Germandat Catalana de la Bandera Negra (Holy Catalan Brotherhood of the Black Flag) that was known as the Complot de Garraf (Conspiracy of Garraf). Estat Català also raised a small army named Exèrcit Català (Catala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Convergence Of Catalonia
Socialist Convergence of Catalonia (in Catalan: ''Convèrgencia Socialista de Catalunya'', CSC) was a political party in Catalonia, Spain. CSC was founded in 1974 as from a split of the Socialist Movement of Catalonia (MSC). Its secretary general was Joan Reventós. The party participated in the unitary organizations of the antifascist opposition in Catalonia, expecting to join forces with other social-democratic and socialist parties. In 1976 CSC merged with other groups and parties to form the Socialist Party of Catalonia-Congress. See also *Socialists' Party of Catalonia *Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress * Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping *Catalan Federation of the PSOE *Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia *List of political parties in Catalonia This article lists political parties in Catalonia represented in Parliament, their ideologies, leaders, number of MPs and their positions on Catalan independence. Parties and coalitions in the Catalan Parliament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Left Of Catalonia
The Republican Left of Catalonia ( ca, Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, ERC; ; generically branded as ) is a Catalan independence movement, pro-Catalan independence, social democracy, social-democratic List of political parties in Catalonia, political party in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, with a presence also in Valencian Community, Valencia, the Balearic Islands and the French department of Pyrénées-Orientales (Northern Catalonia).Jaume Renyer Alimbau, ''ERC: temps de transició. Per una esquerra forta, renovadora i plural'' (Barcelona: Cossetània, 2008). It is also the main sponsor of the independence movement from France and Spain in the territories known as Catalan Countries, focusing in recent years on the creation of a Catalan Republic in Catalonia proper. Its current president is Oriol Junqueras and its secretary-general is Marta Rovira. The party is a member of the European Free Alliance. ERC, a party of relevant Catalan politicians including France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Union Of Catalonia
The Democratic Union of Catalonia ( ca, Unió Democràtica de Catalunya; , UDC), frequently shortened as Union ( ca, Unió; ), was a regionalist, Christian-democratic political party in the Catalonia region of Spain existing between 1931 and 2017. Together with Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC), they formed the Convergence and Union (CiU) alliance and federation from 1978 until its dissolution in 2015, under which they would rule the government of Catalonia for almost three decades during the recent Spanish democratic period. It described itself as Catalan nationalist and Christian-democratic and was a member of the European People's Party (EPP). It advocated for centrist and moderate Catalanism without explicitly renouncing independence, aiming for the constitution of a confederal state in Spain made up of sovereign entities (including Catalonia) that could become independent but rejecting unilateralism as a viable political philosophy. After the breakup of CiU, a party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
