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Dürrenroth
Dürrenroth is a municipality in the district of Trachselwald in the Swiss canton of Bern. History Dürrenroth is first mentioned in 1275 as ''Rota''. In 1326 it was mentioned as ''Durren Rot''. The area was probably first settled in the Late Middle Ages by a few, scattered farmers. In 1312 the ''Herrschaft'' of Balm, which include modern Dürrenroth, was donated to the Teutonic Knights' Sumiswald Commandry. In 1431 the village was given to the Bernese city of Burgdorf. About a century later, in 1528, Bern adopted the new faith of the Protestant Reformation. Despite opposition from the villagers, Dürrenroth was forcibly converted in the same year. In 1698 Bern finally bought the last property and rights over the village from the Teutonic Knights and it fully became a part of the Canton of Bern. Following the collapse of the Helvetic Republic and 1803 Act of Mediation it joined the newly created Trachselwald District. The village church of St. Lawrence was built i ...
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Emmental (administrative District)
Emmental District in the Canton of Bern was created on 1 January 2010. It is part of the Emmental-Oberaargau administrative region. It contains 40 municipalities with an area of and a population (as of ) of . Mergers and name changes *On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Oberösch and Niederösch merged into Ersigen. *On 1 January 2021 the former municipality of Mötschwil Mötschwil is a former municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021 the former municipality of Mötschwil merged into Hindelbank. History Mötschwil was first mentioned in 1328 a ... merged into Hindelbank. References {{Authority control Districts of the canton of Bern ...
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Huttwil
Huttwil is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the Swiss canton of Bern. History Early history Huttwil is first mentioned in the 9th Century as ''Huttiwilare''. The Huttwil area was probably first settled in the 7th or 8th century, though it first appears in historic records in the 9th century. Initially it was part of the Upper Aargau lands of the Adalgoze family, though by the 11th and 12th centuries the Counts of Rheinfelden and Fenis-Neuchâtel owned land and rights in Huttwil. In the 12th century Fenis-Neuchâtel donated their Huttwil lands to Erlach Abbey. The village church is first mentioned in 1093 or 1108 when Agnes von Rheinfelden and her husband Berchtold II von Zähringen donated the patronage rights to the Abbey of Saint Peter in the Black Forest. The remainder of the Rheinfelden rights passed to the Zähringens through Agnes' marriage. When the Zähringen family died out in 1218 the Counts of Kyburg acquired the growing town and su ...
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Affoltern Im Emmental
Affoltern im Emmental is a municipality in the district of Trachselwald in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Affoltern is first mentioned in 1261/63 as ''Affolterra''. The oldest trace of a settlement in the area comes from the Middle Ages. The village church of St. Michael was first mentioned in 1275. It remained a local chapel until 1484 when Teutonic Knights Commandry of Sumiswald provided funding for a permanent parish priest. In 1528 Bern adopted the new faith of the Protestant Reformation and Affoltern converted. However, the Commandry retained patronage rights over the church until 1698. By the 18th century many local farmers were raising cattle for meat and milk in the rolling Emmental hills. In 1764 the cheese exporting company ''Pionierbauern Sommer'' was founded in the municipality. It remained in business for over a century before closing in 1869. A cheese co-op opened in 1844 to support the local dairy farmers. In the early 20th century the municipa ...
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Klenčí Pod Čerchovem
Klenčí pod Čerchovem (until 1946 Kleneč pod Čerchovem, german: Klentsch) is a market town in Domažlice District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,300 inhabitants. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected by law as a Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, village monument zone. Administrative parts Villages of Capartice, Černá Řeka and Jindřichova Hora are administrative parts of Klenčí pod Čerchovem. Geography Klenčí pod Čerchovem is located about west of Domažlice and southwest of Plzeň. It lies mostly in the Upper Palatine Forest. The highest point is the hill Bučina, at . The mountain of Čerchov, involved in the market town's name, is located south of the market town outside the municipal territory. A notable body of water is the Klenečský pond, located in the northeastern part of Klenčí pod Čerchovem. History Klenčí was founded in 1325 by Chodové. In the second half of the 16th century, the settle ...
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Trachselwald District
Trachselwald District was a district in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. Its governor's seat was in Trachselwald Castle in Trachselwald Trachselwald is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the Swiss canton of Bern. History The name of this municipality means "Drechsler-Wald" ("Woodturner-Forest) and was first mentioned in 1131 as ''Trahselwalt''. The .... It consisted of 10 municipalities within an area of 191 km². External links Official website of the district References {{coord, 47.0167, N, 7.71667, E, source:kolossus-eowiki, display=title Former districts of the canton of Bern ...
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Trachselwald (district)
Trachselwald District was a district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ... in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. Its governor's seat was in Trachselwald Castle in Trachselwald. It consisted of 10 municipalities within an area of 191 km². External links Official website of the district References {{coord, 47.0167, N, 7.71667, E, source:kolossus-eowiki, display=title Former districts of the canton of Bern ...
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Wyssachen
Wyssachen is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the Swiss canton of Bern. History Wyssachen is first mentioned in 1349 as ''Wissachon''. Until 1908 it was officially known as ''Wyssachengraben'' or ''Grabengemeinde''. For much of its history, Wyssachen was part of the parish and municipality of Eriswil. In 1516 Eriswil became part of the Bernese district of Trachselwald. In 1755 Wyssachen began to care for the local poor independently of Eriswil. In 1796 they expanded their charitable operations and became increasingly independent of Eriswil. Finally in 1847 Wyssachen became an independent political municipality. The 334 inhabitants of Neuligen and Schwendi left Wyssachen to become part of Eriswil in 1888. A village church was built in 1946 and twenty years later became the parish church of the Wyssachen parish. Geography Wyssachen has an area of . As of the 2006 survey, a total of or 70.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 22. ...
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Walterswil, Bern
Walterswil is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the Swiss canton of Bern. History Walterswil is first mentioned in 1139 as ''Walterswile''. The local Freiherr von Walterswil appear in historic records until the early 14th century. After their extinction, portions of the modern municipality were owned by other local nobles. The village church of Saint Cecilia was first mentioned in 1275. In 1438 Henman von Spiegelberg gave the village, the court and the patronage rights over the village church of Walterswil to the city of Bern in exchange for another property. In the following year, Bern divided Walterswil between several nearby courts. Following the 1798 French invasion, the smaller Walterswil parish became part of the Helvetic Republic district of Unteremmental. After the collapse of the Republic and 1803 Act of Mediation it joined the newly created Trachselwald District. Finally, in 1888-89 it received part of the Hubberg Quarter (Hubber ...
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Sumiswald
Sumiswald is a municipality in the district of the Emmental administrative district in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. It is mostly known for being the manufacturing location of the Swiss railway clock. History Sumiswald is first mentioned in 1225 as ''Smoldeswalt''. The name either comes from the Germanic settler "Suomolt" or the Latin term ''summa vallis'' ("bank over the valley"). The von Sumiswald family is first mentioned in 1135. They probably took their name from a now vanished castle in the area. The last member of the family, Lütold, donated the village, land and churches in Sumiswald and Escholzmatt to the commandery of the Teutonic Knights of the "Ballei" Swabia-Alsace-Burgundy. In 1525, the town bought its way out of serfdom, but stayed a part of the Teutonic Knights even after the Protestant Reformation was introduced in 1528; Sumiswald was sold to the city of Bern for 36,000 Reichs thaler in 1698. The village Church of St. Mary was first mentioned in 1225 ...
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Rohrbachgraben, Switzerland
Rohrbachgraben is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Rohrbachgraben was a municipality created out of widely scattered settlements and farms around the Rohrbach stream. Until the modern era it was politically part of the village of Rohrbach. During the Middle Ages the entire region was part of a district of the land owned by the Abbey of St. Gall. Agriculture still dominates the local economy. In 2009 there were still over 40 active farms in the municipality. The municipality has its own primary school district. It is part of the Kleindietwil secondary school district. Geography Rohrbachgraben has an area of . Of this area, or 69.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 27.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 2.9% is settled (buildings or roads), or 0.2% is either rivers or lakes.
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Secondary Sector Of The Economy
In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in construction. This sector generally takes the output of the primary sector (i.e. raw materials) and creates finished goods suitable for sale to domestic businesses or consumers and for export (via distribution through the tertiary sector). Many of these industries consume large quantities of energy, require factories and use machinery; they are often classified as light or heavy based on such quantities. This also produces waste materials and waste heat that may cause environmental problems or pollution (see negative externalities). Examples include textile production, car manufacturing, and handicraft. Manufacturing is an important activity in promoting economic growth and development. Nations that export manufactured products tend to generate highe ...
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Helvetic Republic
The Helvetic Republic (, , ) was a sister republic of France that existed between 1798 and 1803, during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was created following the French invasion and the consequent dissolution of the Old Swiss Confederacy, marking the end of the ''ancien régime'' in Switzerland. Throughout its existence, the republic incorporated most of the territory of modern Switzerland, excluding the cantons of Geneva and Neuchâtel and the old Prince-Bishopric of Basel. The Swiss Confederacy, which until then had consisted of self-governing cantons united by a loose military alliance (and ruling over subject territories such as Vaud), was invaded by the French Revolutionary Army and turned into an ally known as the "Helvetic Republic". The interference with localism and traditional liberties was deeply resented, although some modernizing reforms took place. Resistance was strongest in the more traditional Catholic cantons, with armed uprisings breaking out in spring 1 ...
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