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Dédiabolisation
''Dédiabolisation'' () is a term used in French politics to describe the normalization of the far-right National Rally (RN), formerly known as National Front (FN), since the late 1980s. History The term was coined by journalist Olivier Biffaud in a 1989 article in Le Monde, where he wrote that "the National Front has been 'demonized' iaboliséfor several years. It is now undertaking its 'dédiabolisation.' This, in essence, is the message that the leaders of the far-right movement have been trying to get across to their cadres since the start of the summer university they are holding in La Baule." Upon assuming the FN leadership in 2011, Marine Le Pen made ''dédiabolisation'' a key plank of her leadership, particularly by expelling openly pro-Vichy members from the party (including her father) and by changing the party's name in 2018. The term was first entered into the Larousse dictionary in 2015. ''Dédiabolisation'' has continued into the 2020s, as the RN began to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deradicalization
Deradicalization refers to a process of encouraging a person with extreme political, social or religious views to adopt more moderate positions on the issues. Measures and projects Google's think tank Jigsaw has been developing a new program − called the Redirect Method − in which Google's search advertising algorithms and YouTube's video platform are used to target aspiring ISIS recruits and ultimately dissuade them from joining the group. Machine learning and scientific inquiry can be used to find the most effective contents (such as videos) for deradicalization, to learn why people leave terrorist movements and to identify aspiring violent radicals. Humera Khan, executive director of the Islamic deradicalization group Muflehu, states that deradicalization also needs human interaction and a supportive community backing up the person's decision to turn away from extremism. Renee Garfinkel also notes that personal relationships play a major role in the transformation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Rally
The National Rally (, , RN), known as the National Front from 1972 to 2018 (, , FN), is a French far-right politics, far-right political party, described as right-wing populist and French nationalism, nationalist. It is the single largest National Rally group (National Assembly), parliamentary opposition party in the National Assembly (France), National Assembly since 2022. It Opposition to immigration, opposes immigration, advocating significant cuts to legal immigration, protection of French identity, and stricter control of illegal immigration. The party advocates a "more balanced" and "independent" French foreign policy, opposing French military intervention in Africa while supporting France leaving NATO's integrated command. It also supports reform of the European Union (EU), economic interventionism, protectionism, and zero tolerance for breaches of Law and order (politics), law and order. The party was founded in 1972 by the Ordre Nouveau (1960s), Ordre Nouveau to be t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-fascism
Post-fascism is a label that identifies political parties and movements that transition from a fascist political ideology to a more moderate and mainline form of conservatism, abandoning the totalitarian traits of fascism and taking part in constitutional politics. At the same time, they still retain many non-totalitarian features of fascism, such as nationalism, anti-communism, anti-liberalism, and aversion to liberal democracy. The term "democratic fascism" has also been used. Creation Its creator Gáspár Miklós Tamás stated in 2018: In Italy The Italian Social Movement (, MSI) was a neo-fascist political party established in Italy in 1946 by former members of the National Fascist Party and the Republican Fascist Party. Despite being an explicitly fascist party, the MSI included a post-fascist faction headed by Arturo Michelini and Alfredo Covelli, who favoured political cooperation with moderate conservative parties, such as the Christian Democracy, the Monarchist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moderation Theory
Moderation theory is a set of interrelated hypotheses that explain the process through which political groups eschew radical platforms in favour of more moderate policies and prefer electoral, compromising and non-confrontational strategies over non-electoral, exclusive, and confrontational strategies. Moderation can take place at both ideological and behavioural levels that mutually reinforce each other. Moderation theory offers insights into the transformation of party politics in a great range of cultural and historical cases including socialist, Christian democratic and Far-right parties in Western Europe and more recently Islamic political groups. In particular, the evolution of Islamic political parties in Turkey since the early 1970s that culminated in the rise of the Justice and Development Party in the 2002 parliamentary elections exemplifies the dynamics highlighted by moderation theory. The theory is composed of three causal mechanisms. First, once radical political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Le Pen (2017-03-24) 01 Cropped
Marion Anne Perrine "Marine" Le Pen (; born 5 August 1968) is a French lawyer and politician. She served as the president of the far-right National Rally party (RN) from 2011 to 2021, and ran for the French presidency in the 2012, 2017 and 2022 elections. She has been the member of the National Assembly for the 11th constituency of Pas-de-Calais since 2017. She has been parliamentary party leader of the National Rally in the Assembly since June 2022. Le Pen is the youngest daughter of former party leader Jean-Marie Le Pen and the aunt of former FN MP Marion Maréchal. Le Pen joined the FN in 1986. She was elected as a regional councillor of Nord-Pas-de-Calais (1998–2004; 2010–2015), Île-de-France (2004–2010) and Hauts-de-France (2015–2021), a Member of European Parliament (2004–2017), as well as a municipal councillor of Hénin-Beaumont (2008–2011). She won the leadership of the FN in 2011, with 67.6% of the vote, defeating Bruno Gollnisch and succeeding her f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (France)
The National Assembly (, ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral French Parliament under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (France), Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known as () or deputies. There are 577 , each elected by a single-member Constituencies of the National Assembly of France, constituency (at least one per Departments of France, department) through a two-round system; thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The List of presidents of the National Assembly of France, president of the National Assembly, currently Yaël Braun-Pivet, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the president of France may dissolve the assembly, thereby calling for early elections, unless it has been dissolved in the preceding twelve m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 Neologisms
1989 was a turning point in political history with the "Revolutions of 1989" which ended communism in Eastern Bloc of Europe, starting in Poland and Hungary, with experiments in power-sharing coming to a head with the opening of the Berlin Wall in November, the Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia and the overthrow of the communist dictatorship in Romania in December; the movement ended in December 1991 with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Revolutions against communist governments in Eastern Europe mainly succeeded, but the year also saw the suppression by the Chinese government of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests in Beijing. It was the year of the first Brazilian direct presidential election in 29 years, since the end of the military government in 1985 that ruled the country for more than twenty years, and marked the redemocratization process's final point. F. W. de Klerk was elected as State President of South Africa, and his regime gradually dismantled the aparthei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
