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Dummy Stephenson
Reuben Crandol "Dummy" Stephenson (September 22, 1869 – December 1, 1924) was an American professional baseball first baseman and centerfielder of the late 19th century. He played in eight games as an outfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies of the National League in 1892. Biography Stephenson was born in the Petersburg section of Upper Township, New Jersey. He was given the nickname "Dummy" due to his deafness. Stephenson's professional baseball career spanned 1892 to 1898, plus a final season in 1900. His major league experience was limited to eight games as a centerfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies in September 1892, during which he batted 10-for-37 (.270) with five runs batted in (RBIs). Stephenson then played in the Pennsylvania State League during 1893 and 1894 for three different teams. He spent 1895 in the New England League, 1896 in the Virginia League, 1897 back in the New England League, and 1898 in the New York State League. His final professional season was s ...
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Outfielder
An outfielder is a person playing in one of the three defensive positions in baseball or softball, farthest from the batter. These defenders are the left fielder, the center fielder, and the right fielder. As an outfielder, their duty is to catch fly balls and ground balls then to return them to the infield for the out or before the runner advances, if there are any runners on the bases. As an outfielder, they normally play behind the six players located in the field. By convention, each of the nine defensive positions in baseball is numbered. The outfield positions are 7 (left field), 8 (center field) and 9 (right field). These numbers are shorthand designations useful in baseball scorekeeping and are not necessarily the same as the squad numbers worn on player uniforms. Outfielders named to the MLB All-Century Team are Hank Aaron, Ty Cobb, Joe DiMaggio, Mickey Mantle, Willie Mays, Stan Musial, Pete Rose, Babe Ruth, Ted Williams and Ken Griffey Jr. Strategy Players can ...
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Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. The NL and AL were formed in 1876 and 1901, respectively. Beginning in 1903, the two leagues signed the National Agreement and cooperated but remained legally separate entities until 2000, when they merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball. MLB is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan. It is also included as one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. Baseball's first all-professional team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, was founded in 1869. Before that, some teams had secretly paid certain players. The first few decades of professional baseball were characterized by rivalries between leagues and by players who often jumped from one te ...
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1869 Births
Events January–March * January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan. * January 5 – Scotland's oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded. * January 20 – Elizabeth Cady Stanton is the first woman to testify before the United States Congress. * January 21 – The P.E.O. Sisterhood, a philanthropic educational organization for women, is founded at Iowa Wesleyan College in Mount Pleasant, Iowa. * January 27 – The Republic of Ezo is proclaimed on the northern Japanese island of Ezo (which will be renamed Hokkaidō on September 20) by remaining adherents to the Tokugawa shogunate. * February 5 – Prospectors in Moliagul, Victoria, Australia, discover the largest alluvial gold nugget ever found, known as the "Welcome Stranger". * February 20 – Ranavalona II, the Merina Queen of Madagascar, is baptized. * February 25 – The Iron and Steel Institute is formed in Lon ...
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Wayback Machine
The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web founded by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit based in San Francisco, California. Created in 1996 and launched to the public in 2001, it allows the user to go "back in time" and see how websites looked in the past. Its founders, Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, developed the Wayback Machine to provide "universal access to all knowledge" by preserving archived copies of defunct web pages. Launched on May 10, 1996, the Wayback Machine had more than 38.2 million records at the end of 2009. , the Wayback Machine had saved more than 760 billion web pages. More than 350 million web pages are added daily. History The Wayback Machine began archiving cached web pages in 1996. One of the earliest known pages was saved on May 10, 1996, at 2:08p.m. Internet Archive founders Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat launched the Wayback Machine in San Francisco, California, in October 2001, primarily to address the problem of web co ...
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The Silent Worker
''The Silent Worker'' was a newspaper published in the United States serving the deaf community. Originally published in 1888 as the ''Deaf Mute Times'', the paper was renamed that year to ''The Silent Worker''. The paper was published monthly from fall through spring by the New Jersey School for the Deaf The ''Worker'' published articles, primarily written by deaf authors, highlighting the abilities and achievements of the deaf community in industry. During the early 20th century, when most school administrations were transitioning away from the use of American Sign Language in favor of the oral method of instruction, the worker generally advocated a dissenting view. Publication ceased in June 1929 following the dismissal of its editor, George Porter. A new edition of the ''Silent Worker'' was published by the National Association for the Deaf beginning in 1948. See also *'' Silent News'' *Elizabeth English Benson Elizabeth English Benson (1904–1972) was an American ed ...
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South Dennis, New Jersey
South Dennis is an unincorporated community located within Dennis Township in Cape May County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the Ocean City Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its postal ZIP Code is 08245. The post office was established in 1873, with Robert Hutchinson as the first postmaster. Demographics As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 93 people and 41 households residing in the ZIP Code Tabulation Area 08245. The population density was 930 people per square mile. Geography South Dennis is located at (39.099980, -74.848733). It lies 10 ft (3 m) above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, ZIP Code 08245 has a total area of 0.3 km (0.1 mi), all of which is land. Dennis Creek serves as the northern border of the community. Climate South Dennis lies on the cusp of a humid subtropical climate zone and experiences four discernible seasons. It receives an average of of precipitation each year, with the wettest sea ...
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Baseball-Reference
Baseball-Reference is a website providing baseball statistics for every player in Major League Baseball history. The site is often used by major media organizations and baseball broadcasters as a source for statistics. It offers a variety of advanced baseball sabermetrics in addition to traditional baseball "counting stats". Baseball-Reference is part of Sports Reference, LLC; according to an article in Street & Smith's ''Sports Business Journal'', the company's sites have more than one million unique users per month. History Founder Sean Forman began developing the website while working on his Ph.D. dissertation in applied math and computational science at the University of Iowa. While writing his dissertation, he had also been writing articles on and blogging about sabermetrics. Forman's database was originally built from the ''Total Baseball'' series of baseball encyclopedias. The website went online in April 2000, after first being launched in February 2000 as part of the we ...
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Semi-professional Sports
Semi-professional sports are sports in which athletes are not participating on a full-time basis, but still receive some payment. Semi-professionals are not amateur because they receive regular payment from their team, but generally at a considerably lower rate than a full-time professional athlete. As a result, semi-professional players frequently have (or seek) full-time employment elsewhere. A semi-pro player or team could also be one that represents a place of employment that only the employees are allowed to play on. In this case, it is considered semi-pro because their employer pays them, but for their regular job, not for playing on the company's team. The semi-professional status is not universal throughout the world and depends on each country's labour code (labour law) and each sports organization's specific regulations. Origin The San Francisco Olympic Club fielded an American football team in 1890. That year, the Olympic Club was accused by a rival club of enticing a ...
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Atlantic League (1896–1900)
The Atlantic League was a minor league baseball league that operated between 1896 and 1900 in the Northeastern United States. It was the successor of the Pennsylvania State League, which had operated from 1892 to 1895. The name has subsequently been reused twice, for another short-lived league in 1914, and for a contemporary independent minor league. History League champions : In 1896, eight teams competed; at any point in time, there were six teams active. : In 1899 and 1900, there were only six teams active at season's end. Source: Teams Notes: :In 1896, New Haven disbanded on July 12; Lancaster entered the league on July 13; New York was expelled on July 13 and was replaced by Philadelphia. :In 1899, Paterson disbanded on July 4, and Scranton followed on July 9. :In 1900, Philadelphia moved to Harrisburg on June 4; Newark and Jersey City disbanded on June 2; the league disbanded on June 14. Source: Results by season Teams denoted in ''italics'' disbanded during t ...
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New York State League (1885–1917)
:''This article refers to the original incarnations of the New York State League, which operated between 1885 and 1917. For the modern league, see New York State League'' The New York State League was a minor league baseball league that played between 1885 and 1917. The league began play as an Independent level league before playing from 1902 to 1917 as a Class B level league. League franchises were based in New York and Pennsylvania. John H. Farrell served as president of the league from 1897 to 1917. History The first New York State League in 1885, was actually the second of the many names the International League used before settling on its longterm moniker. The second New York State League was a six team league for one season in 1889. Oneida was expelled from the league on July 12, and Seneca Falls disbanded August 19. The third and longest running New York State League was a solid league that lasted from 1899 through 1917. The league was classified as a Class B league ...
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Virginia League (1894–96)
The Virginia League was a minor league baseball affiliation which operated in Virginia and North Carolina from 1906 to 1928. It was classified as a "C" league from 1906 to 1919 and as a "B" league from 1920 to 1928. The most famous alumni to come out of the league were World War II hero, General Frank A. Armstrong (the highest-ranking military officer to have played professional baseball), and Hall of Fame members Rick Ferrell, Sam Rice, Chief Bender, Pie Traynor, and Hack Wilson. Chief Bender, Art Devlin, Gabby Street and Zinn Beck Zinn Bertram Beck (September 30, 1885 – March 19, 1981) was an American professional baseball player and manager. A third baseman, shortstop and first baseman, Beck played in Major League Baseball for the St. Louis Cardinals and New York Yankees ... served as managers in the league. Virginia League Champions † † ''Playoffs were not held at the end of most seasons. In those cases, the Champions listed were the teams who ended the ...
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New England League
The New England League was a mid-level league in American minor league baseball that played intermittently in five of the six New England states (Vermont excepted) between 1886 and 1949. After 1901, it existed in the shadow of two Major League Baseball clubs in Boston and alongside stronger, higher-classification leagues. In 1946, the NEL, the International League and the Canadian–American League – which all included farm teams of the Brooklyn Dodgers – were the first 20th century leagues (other than the Negro leagues) to permit African-Americans to play. The following season, Jackie Robinson and Larry Doby would integrate the major leagues. Early history In 1877 a non–classified league first called the "New England League" played with the Fall River Casscades, Lowell Ladies Men, Lynn Live Oaks, Manchester Reds and Rhode Islands as members. The New England League was next called the Eastern New England League beginning play in 1885 with five teams in Massachusetts ...
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