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Dog Skin Disorders
Skin disorders are among the most common health problems in dogs, and have many causes. The condition of a dog's skin and coat is also an important indicator of its general health. Skin disorders of dogs vary from acute, self-limiting problems to chronic or long-lasting problems requiring life-time treatment. Skin disorders may be primary or secondary (due to scratching, itch) in nature, making diagnosis complicated. Immune-mediated skin disorders Skin disease may result from deficiency or overactivity of immune responses. In cases where there are insufficient immune responses, the disease is usually described by the secondary disease that results. Examples include increased susceptibility to demodectic mange and recurrent skin infections, such as Malassezia infection or bacterial infections. Increased but harmful immune responses can be divided into hypersensitivity disorders such as atopic dermatitis and autoimmune disorders (autoimmunity), such as pemphigus and discoid lupus eryt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demodectic Mange
Demodicosis , also called Demodex folliculitis in humans and demodectic mange () or red mange in animals, is caused by a sensitivity to and overpopulation of ''Demodex, Demodex spp.'' as the host's immune system is unable to keep the mites under control. ''Demodex'' is a genus of mite in the Family (biology), family Demodecidae. The mites are specific to their hosts, and each mammal species is host to one or two unique species of ''Demodex'' mites. Therefore, demodicosis cannot be transferred across species and has no Zoonosis, zoonotic potential. Signs and symptoms Humans Demodicosis in humans is usually caused by ''Demodex folliculorum'' and may have a rosacea-like appearance. Common symptoms include Hair loss#Infection, hair loss, itching, and inflammation. An association with pityriasis folliculorum has also been described. Demodicosis is most often seen in folliculitis (inflammation of the hair follicles of the skin). Depending on the location, it may result in small pus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ELISA
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (, ) is a commonly used analytical biochemistry assay, first described by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann in 1971. The assay uses a solid-phase type of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a ligand (commonly a protein) in a liquid sample using antibodies directed against the protein to be measured. ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine, plant pathology, and biotechnology, as well as a quality control check in various industries. In the most simple form of an ELISA, antigens from the sample to be tested are attached to a surface. Then, a matching antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme and then any unbound antibodies are removed. In the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. If there was binding, the subsequent reaction produces a detectable signal, most commonly a color change. Performing an ELISA involves at least ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evidence of a close relationship. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others again are Predation, predators or Parasitism, parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive ''Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy The mites are not a defined taxon, but is used for two disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demodicosis
Demodicosis , also called Demodex folliculitis in humans and demodectic mange () or red mange in animals, is caused by a sensitivity to and overpopulation of ''Demodex, Demodex spp.'' as the host's immune system is unable to keep the mites under control. ''Demodex'' is a genus of mite in the Family (biology), family Demodecidae. The mites are specific to their hosts, and each mammal species is host to one or two unique species of ''Demodex'' mites. Therefore, demodicosis cannot be transferred across species and has no Zoonosis, zoonotic potential. Signs and symptoms Humans Demodicosis in humans is usually caused by ''Demodex folliculorum'' and may have a rosacea-like appearance. Common symptoms include Hair loss#Infection, hair loss, itching, and inflammation. An association with pityriasis folliculorum has also been described. Demodicosis is most often seen in folliculitis (inflammation of the hair follicles of the skin). Depending on the location, it may result in small pus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demodex
''Demodex'' is a genus of tiny mites that live in or near hair follicles of mammals. Around 65 species of ''Demodex'' are known. Two species live on humans: ''Demodex folliculorum'' and ''Demodex brevis'', both frequently referred to as eyelash mites, alternatively face mites or skin mites. Different species of animals host different species of ''Demodex''. ''Demodex canis'' lives on the domestic dog. The presence of ''Demodex'' species on mammals is common and usually does not cause any symptoms, although occasionally some skin diseases can be caused by the mites. ''Demodex'' is derived from Greek δημός ''dēmos'' "fat" and δήξ ''dēx'', "woodworm". Notable species ''D. folliculorum'' and ''D. brevis'' ''D. folliculorum'' and ''D. brevis'' are typically found on humans. ''D. folliculorum'' was first described in 1842 by Simon; ''D. brevis'' was identified as separate in 1963 by Akbulatova. ''D. folliculorum'' is found in hair follicles, while ''D. brevis'' lives in seb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarcoptic Mange
Mange is a type of skin disease caused by parasitic mites. Because various species of mites also infect plants, birds and reptiles, the term "mange", or colloquially "the mange", suggesting poor condition of the skin and fur due to the infection, is sometimes reserved for pathological mite-infestation of nonhuman mammals. Thus, mange includes mite-associated skin disease in domestic mammals (cats and dogs), in livestock (such as sheep scab), and in wild mammals (for example, foxes, coyotes, cougars, and bears). Since mites belong to the arachnid subclass Acari (also called Acarina), another term for mite infestation is acariasis. Parasitic mites that cause mange in mammals embed themselves in either skin or hair follicles in the animal, depending upon their genus. ''Sarcoptes'' spp. burrow into skin, while ''Demodex'' spp. live in follicles. In humans, these two types of mite infections, which would be known as "mange" in furry mammals, are instead known respectively as scabies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compulsive
Compulsive behavior is defined as performing an action persistently and repetitively. Compulsive behaviors could be an attempt to make obsessions go away. The act is usually a small, restricted and repetitive behavior, yet not disturbing in a pathological way. Compulsive behaviors are a need to reduce apprehension caused by internal feelings a person wants to abstain from or control. A major cause of compulsive behavior is said to be obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).(1996). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Decade of the Brain. National Institutes of Health. "The main idea of compulsive behavior is that the likely excessive activity is not connected to the purpose to which it appears directed." There are many different types of compulsive behaviors including shopping, hoarding, eating, gambling, trichotillomania and picking skin, itching, checking, counting, washing, sex, and more. Also, there are cultural examples of compulsive behavior. Disorders in which it is seen Addicti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lick Granuloma
A lick granuloma, also known as acral lick dermatitis, is a skin disorder found most commonly in dogs, but also in cats. In dogs, it results typically from the dog's urge to lick the lower portion of one of their legs. The lesion can initially be red, swollen, irritated, and bleeding, similar to a hot spot (wet eczema). The animal's incessant licking of the lesion eventually results in a thickened, firm, oval plaque, which is the granuloma. A major cause of lick granuloma appears to be psychological, related to stress, anxiety, separation anxiety, boredom, or compulsiveness. Lick granulomas are especially seen in active dogs left alone for long periods of time. One theory about the cause of lick granulomas is that excessive licking causes endorphin release, which reduces pain and makes the animal feel comfort temporarily. Other triggers include itchy skin, painful conditions caused by trauma to the skin, arthritis, neuralgia, and peripheral neuropathy. A bacterial or fungal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canine Lick Granuloma
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Canine may refer to: Zoology and anatomy * a dog-like Canid animal in the subfamily Caninae ** ''Canis'', a genus including dogs, wolves, coyotes, and jackals ** Dog, the domestic dog * Canine tooth, in mammalian oral anatomy People with the surname * Henry Canine (), American football coach * Ralph Canine (1895–1969), founding director of the United States National Security Agency Other uses * Canine, a fictional dog in the ''Glenn Martin, DDS'' animated television series * Canine Hills, Antarctic landform in the Bowers Mountains, Victoria Land See also * K9 (other) * Kanine (other) * Canina (other) * Cani (other) * List of canids Canidae is a family of mammals in the order Carnivora, which includes domestic dogs, wolves, coyotes, foxes, jackals, dingoes, and many other extant and extinct dog-like mammals. A member of this family is called a canid; all extant species are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flea Allergy Dermatitis
Flea allergy dermatitis is an eczematous itchy skin disease of dogs and cats. For both of these domestic species, flea allergy dermatitis is the most common cause of skin disease. Affected animals develop allergic reactions to chemicals in flea saliva. Symptoms of this reaction include erythema (redness), papules (bumps), pustules (pus-filled bumps), and crusts (scabs). If severe, hair loss will occur in the affected area. Dogs with flea allergy dermatitis often show hair loss and eczematous skin rash on the lower back, upper tail, neck, and down the back of the legs. Cats with flea allergy dermatitis may develop a variety of skin problems, including feline eosinophilic granuloma, miliary dermatitis, or self-inflicted alopecia from excessive grooming. Cause The flea found most commonly on both dogs and cats with a flea infestation is the cat flea, ''Ctenocephalides felis''. Pets that develop flea allergy dermatitis have an allergic response to flea saliva injected during flea feedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antibiotic
An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. A limited number of antibiotics also possess antiprotozoal activity. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses such as the common cold or influenza; drugs which inhibit viruses are termed antiviral drugs or antivirals rather than antibiotics. Sometimes, the term ''antibiotic''—literally "opposing life", from the Greek roots ἀντι ''anti'', "against" and βίος ''bios'', "life"—is broadly used to refer to any substance used against microbes, but in the usual medical usage, antibiotics (such as penicillin) are those produced naturally (by one microorganism fighting another), whereas non-antibiotic antibacterials (such as sulfonamides and antiseptics) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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