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Dioiketes
''Dioikētēs'' ( gr, διοικητής), often Latinized as ''dioecetes'', is a term applied to a variety of administrative officials. Origin and history during Antiquity The term derives from διοίκησις (''dioikēsis''), literally "housekeeping", which already in Classical Antiquity came to mean "administration", especially connected with finances, both public and sacred (connected to the temples). Officials in charge of administration were thus designated (''ho epi tē dioikēsei''). The title of ''dioikētēs'' is mostly attested in Ptolemaic Egypt, where it was held by the head of the kingdom's financial administration, headquartered in the capital Alexandria. In addition, provincial ''dioikētai'' existed, possibly one for every province ( nome). The office survived Egypt's annexation into the Roman Empire, and is well attested, with Roman occupants, throughout the Roman period. Outside Egypt, the title is less frequently used, being attested in some Syrian citie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Egypt
, conventional_long_name = Roman Egypt , common_name = Egypt , subdivision = Province , nation = the Roman Empire , era = Late antiquity , capital = Alexandria , title_leader = Praefectus Augustalis , image_map = Roman Empire - Aegyptus (125 AD).svg , image_map_caption = Province of Aegyptus in AD 125 , year_start = 30 BC , event_start = Conquest of Ptolemaic Kingdom , event1 = Formation of the Diocese , date_event1 = 390 , year_end = 641 , event_end = Muslim conquest , life_span = 30 BC – 641 AD , stat_year1 = 1st century AD , stat_pop1 = . , today = Egypt , p1 = Ptolemaic Kingdom , flag_p1 = Ptolemaic-Empire 200bc.jpg , s1 = Sasanian Egypt , flag_s1 = Derafsh Kaviani flag of the late Sassanid Empire.svg , s2 = Rashidun Caliphate , flag_s2 = Mohammad adil-Rashidun-empire-at-its-peak-close.PNG , demonym= Egypt ( ; ) was a subdivision of the Roman Empire fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megas Dioiketes
The ''megas dioikētēs'' ( gr, μέγας διοικητής) was a Byzantine court dignity during the Palaiologan period. History The ''megas dioikētēs'' derives from the title '' dioikētēs'' ("administrator"), with the addition of ''megas'', "grand". The ''dioikētēs'' was a provincial fiscal administrative post, which however was replaced in the early 12th century by the '' praktōr''. The dignity is very obscure, and is rarely mentioned in the sources. Its first mention is about an anonymous holder in a letter by Manuel Moschopoulos, written in . Most information comes from the ''Book of Offices'', written by pseudo-Kodinos in the middle of the 14th century. According to pseudo-Kodinos, the office held no specific function, but was a purely honorific dignity. In other sources, its holders appear to exercise fiscal and judicial functions. In pseudo-Kodinos' work, the title ranked 55th in the court hierarchy, between the '' prōtallagatōr'' and the ''orphanotrophos''. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logothetes Tou Genikou
The ( gr, λογοθέτης τοῦ γενικοῦ, often called or simply (, 'the general ogothete), and usually rendered in English as the General Logothete, was in charge of the 'general financial ministry', the of the middle Byzantine Empire.. History and functions The was responsible for general taxation and revenue, and also served as a court for financial cases. As such, it broadly fulfilled the tasks of the earlier , although it was mostly derived from the "general department" of the praetorian prefecture. The first attested , the monk Theodotos, is mentioned in 692, but the post may have been instituted as early as 626. The bureau of the and its logothete remained one of the chief ministries for the entire middle Byzantine period (7th–12th centuries). During the Komnenian period, its importance declined, but recovered under the Angeloi. Following the sack of Constantinople in 1204 and the dissolution of the Byzantine Empire, the office of the was retained as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logothetes Ton Agelon
The ''logothetēs tōn agelōn'' ( el, ), in English the Logothete of the Herds, was the Byzantine official responsible for the state-run estates ('' mētata'') in western Asia Minor that reared horses and mules for the Byzantine army and the imperial Public Post. History and functions The Byzantine office appears in the 9th century and is commonly accepted to be the evolution of the 4th-century Roman '' praepositus gregum et stabulorum'', who was subordinate to the '' comes res privatae''. Uniquely among the logothetes, the ''logothetēs tōn agelōn'' is listed among the high military officials ('' stratarchai'') in the 899 '' Klētotologion'' of Philotheos, 40th in the hierarchy from the emperor, highlighting the office's close connection with the army... The importance of the office increased from the 10th century, reaching its zenith in the late 13th century, when it was held by several of the most important state officials. Subordinate officials The subordinates of the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latinization Of Names
Latinisation (or Latinization) of names, also known as onomastic Latinisation, is the practice of rendering a ''non''-Latin name in a Latin style. It is commonly found with historical proper names, including personal names and toponyms, and in the standard binomial nomenclature of the life sciences. It goes further than romanisation, which is the transliteration of a word to the Latin alphabet from another script (e.g. Cyrillic). For authors writing in Latin, this change allows the name to function grammatically in a sentence through declension. In a scientific context, the main purpose of Latinisation may be to produce a name which is internationally consistent. Latinisation may be carried out by: * transforming the name into Latin sounds (e.g. for ), or * adding Latinate suffixes to the end of a name (e.g. for '' Meibom),'' or * translating a name with a specific meaning into Latin (e.g. for Italian ; both mean 'hunter'), or * choosing a new name based on some attribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metaton
Mitato ( el, μιτάτο, archaic form: , from la, metor, "to measure off/to pitch camp") is a term meaning "shelter" or "lodging" in Greek. Appearing in the 6th century, during the Byzantine period it referred to an inn or trading house for foreign merchants, akin to a caravanserai. By extension, it could also refer to the legal obligation of a private citizen to billet state officials or soldiers. Alternatively, in the 10th century, Constantine Porphyrogenitus uses the term to refer to state-run ranches in Anatolia. In modern Greece, and especially on the mountains of Crete, a ''mitato'' (in the plural ''mitata'') is a hut built from locally gathered stones to provide shelter to shepherds, and is used also for cheese-making. Mount Ida (also called Mount Psiloritis) in central Crete is particularly rich in flat stones suitable for dry stone construction.Sabine Ivanovas, ''Where Zeus Became a Man (with Cretan Shepherds)'', Efsthiadis Group Editions, 2000, 183 p. (Life in the cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Words And Phrases
Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all known varieties of Greek. **Mycenaean Greek, most ancient attested form of the language (16th to 11th centuries BC). **Ancient Greek, forms of the language used c. 1000–330 BC. **Koine Greek, common form of Greek spoken and written during Classical antiquity. **Medieval Greek or Byzantine Language, language used between the Middle Ages and the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople. **Modern Greek, varieties spoken in the modern era (from 1453 AD). *Greek alphabet, script used to write the Greek language. *Greek Orthodox Church, several Churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church. *Ancient Greece, the ancient civilization before the end of Antiquity. *Old Greek, the language as spoken from Late Antiquity to around 1500 AD. Other uses * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of The Ptolemaic Kingdom
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed governme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Fiscal Offices
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians prefer to differentiate the Byzantine Empire from Ancient Rome a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procurator (Roman)
Procurator (plural: ''Procuratores'') was a title of certain officials (not magistrates) in ancient Rome who were in charge of the financial affairs of a province, or imperial governor of a minor province. Fiscal officers A fiscal procurator (''procurator Augusti'') was the chief financial officer of a province during the Principate (30 BC – AD 284). A fiscal procurator worked alongside the ''legatus Augusti pro praetore'' (imperial governor) of his province but was not subordinate to him, reporting directly to the emperor. The governor headed the civil and judicial administration of the province and was the commander-in-chief of all military units deployed there. The procurator, with his own staff and agents, was in charge of the province's financial affairs, including the following primary responsibilities: *the collection of taxes, especially the land tax (''tributum soli''), poll tax (''tributum capitis''), and the ''portorium'', an imperial duty on the carriage of goods o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oikonomos
''Oikonomos'' ( el, οἰκονόμος, from - 'house' and - 'rule, law'), Latinization of names, latinized œconomus, oeconomus, or economos, was an Ancient Greek word meaning "household manager." In Byzantine empire, Byzantine times, the term was used as a title of a manager or treasurer of an organization. It is a title of honor awarded to priests in the Eastern Orthodox Church. It is also a title in the Roman Catholic Church. In Canon 494 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, an œconomus is the diocesan finance officer. In Ancient Greece Role in the ''oikos'' The ''oikos'' (household) was the base unit for the organization of social, political, and economic life in the Ancient Greek world. The person in charge of all its affairs was the ''oikonomos''. The ''oikos'' was composed of a nuclear family as well as extended family members such as grandparents or unmarried female relatives. The husband of the core nuclear family was generally the ''oikonomos''. The ancient Greek w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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