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Diabrotica Speciosa
''Diabrotica speciosa'', also known as the cucurbit beetle and in Spanish as ''vaquita de San Antonio'' (this common name is also given to many ladybugs) is an insect pest native to South America. Its larvae feed on the roots of crops. The cucurbit beetle (''Diabrotica speciosa'') is also known to transmit several viruses such as comoviruses and different mosaic viruses. ''Diabrotica speciosa'' (''D. speciosa'') is native to South America and is now distributed in Central America and other global areas. Common names include the Cucurbit Beetle and San Antonio beetle. Their native land is South America in countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Their current distribution is in Central America including countries such as Costa Rica, Mexico, and Panama. There are no known location or year of first introduction of ''D. speciosa'' to new habitats. Distribution ''D. speciosa'' can move locally by adult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Friedrich Germar
Ernst Friedrich Germar (3 November 1786 – 8 July 1853) was a German professor and director of the Mineralogical Museum at Halle. As well as being a mineralogist he was interested in entomology and particularly in the Coleoptera and Hemiptera. He monographed the heteropteran family Scutelleridae. In 1845, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Published works Amongst Germar's publications are: *Species Cicadarium enumeratae et sub genera distributae. ''Thon's Entomologisches Archiv''. (2)2: 37–57, pl. 1 (1830). *Observations sur plusieurs espèces du genre Cicada, ''Latr. Rev. Entomol. Silbermann'' 2: 49–82, pls. 19-26 (1834). *Ueber die Elateriden mit häutigen Anhängen der Tarsenglieder. Z. Entomol. (Germar) 1: 193-236 (1839) (1839). *Bemerkungen über Elateriden. ''Z. Entomol. (Breslau)'' 5: 133-192 (1844). *Beiträge zur insektenfauna von Adelaide. ''Linn. Entomol.'' 3: 153-247 (1848). *Fauna Insectorum Europae. There were 24 fas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larva
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. The larva's appearance is generally very different from the adult form (''e.g.'' caterpillars and butterflies) including different unique structures and organs that do not occur in the adult form. Their diet may also be considerably different. Larvae are frequently adapted to different environments than adults. For example, some larvae such as tadpoles live almost exclusively in aquatic environments, but can live outside water as adult frogs. By living in a distinct environment, larvae may be given shelter from predators and reduce competition for resources with the adult population. Animals in the larval stage will consume food to fuel their transition into the adult form. In some organisms like polychaetes and barnacles, adults are immobil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterial Wilt
Bacterial wilt is a complex of diseases that occur in plants such as Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae (tomato, common bean, etc.) and are caused by the pathogens ''Erwinia tracheiphila'', a gram-negative bacterium, or '' Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens'', a gram-positive bacterium. Cucumber and muskmelon plants are most susceptible, but squash, pumpkins, and gourds may also become infected. Bacterial wilts of tomato, ''Capsicum'' (pepper), '' Solanum ovigerum'' (eggplant), and Irish potato can be caused by (Burkholderiaceae) ''Ralstonia solanacearum''. Other bacteria in the family Burkholderiaceae can cause bacterial wilt of carnation. Bacteria in the genus ''Xanthomonas'' can cause banana bacterial wilt or bacterial wilt in the genus '' Agrostis''. Disease transmission ''Erwinia tracheiphila'' is spread between plants by two species of insect vectors, striped cucumber beetles (''Acalymma vittatum'') and spotted cucumber beetles (''Diabrotica undecimpunctata''). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eggplant
Eggplant ( US, Canada), aubergine ( UK, Ireland) or brinjal (Indian subcontinent, Singapore, Malaysia, South Africa) is a plant species in the nightshade family Solanaceae. ''Solanum melongena'' is grown worldwide for its edible fruit. Most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. Typically used as a vegetable in cooking, it is a berry by botanical definition. As a member of the genus ''Solanum'', it is related to the tomato, chili pepper, and potato, although those are of the New World while the eggplant is of the Old World. Like the tomato, its skin and seeds can be eaten, but, like the potato, it is usually eaten cooked. Eggplant is nutritionally low in macronutrient and micronutrient content, but the capability of the fruit to absorb oils and flavors into its flesh through cooking expands its use in the culinary arts. It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species ''thorn'' or ''bitter apple'', '' S. incanum'',Tsao ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cowpea
The cowpea (''Vigna unguiculata'') is an annual herbaceous legume from the genus ''Vigna''. Its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall have made it an important crop in the semiarid regions across Africa and Asia. It requires very few inputs, as the plant's root nodules are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, making it a valuable crop for resource-poor farmers and well-suited to intercropping with other crops. The whole plant is used as forage for animals, with its use as cattle feed likely responsible for its name. Four subspecies of cowpeas are recognised, of which three are cultivated. A high level of morphological diversity is found within the species with large variations in the size, shape, and structure of the plant. Cowpeas can be erect, semierect ( trailing), or climbing. The crop is mainly grown for its seeds, which are high in protein, although the leaves and immature seed pods can also be consumed. Cowpeas were domesticated in Africa and are one of the oldest c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Granadilla Foetida
''Passiflora foetida'' (common names: stinking passionflower, wild maracuja, bush passion fruit, wild water lemon, stoneflower, love-in-a-mist, or running pop) is a species of passion flower that is native to the southwestern United States (southern Texas and Arizona), Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and much of South America. It has been introduced to tropical regions around the world, such as Southeast Asia, South Asia, Hawaii, Africa, and The Maldives. It is a creeping vine like other members of the genus, and yields an edible fruit. The specific epithet, ''foetida'', means "stinking" in Latin and refers to the strong aroma emitted by damaged foliage. This passion flower tolerates arid ground, but favours moist areas. It is known to be an invasive species in some areas. This plant is also a widely grown perennial climber, and has been used in traditional medicine. Description The stems are thin and wiry, and are covered with minute sticky yellow hairs. Older stem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passionfruit
''Passiflora edulis,'' commonly known as passion fruit, is a vine species of passion flower native to southern Brazil through Paraguay and northern Argentina. It is cultivated commercially in tropical and subtropical areas for its sweet, seedy fruit. The fruit is a pepo, a type of berry, round to oval, either yellow or dark purple at maturity, with a soft to firm, juicy interior filled with numerous seeds. The fruit is both eaten and juiced, the juice often added to other fruit juices to enhance aroma. Etymology The passion fruit is so called because it is one of the many species of passion flower, the English translation of the Latin genus name, ''Passiflora''. Around 1700, the name was given by missionaries in Brazil as an educational aid while trying to convert the indigenous inhabitants to Christianity; its name was ''flor das cinco chagas'' or "flower of the five wounds" to illustrate the crucifixion of Christ, with other plant components also named after an emblem in the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimosa
''Mimosa'' is a genus of about 590 species of herbs and shrubs, in the mimosoid clade of the legume family Fabaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek word (''mimos''), an "actor" or "mime", and the feminine suffix -''osa'', "resembling", suggesting its 'sensitive leaves' which seem to 'mimic conscious life'. Two species in the genus are especially notable. One is ''Mimosa pudica'', commonly known as touch-me-not, which folds its leaves when touched or exposed to heat. It is native to southern Central and South America but is widely cultivated elsewhere for its curiosity value, both as a houseplant in temperate areas, and outdoors in the tropics. Outdoor cultivation has led to weedy invasion in some areas, notably Hawaii. The other is ''Mimosa tenuiflora'', which is best known for its use in shamanic ayahuasca brews due to the psychedelic drug dimethyltryptamine found in its root bark. Taxonomy The taxonomy of the genus ''Mimosa'' has gone through several periods of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosaic Virus
A mosaic virus is any virus that causes infected plant foliage to have a mottled appearance. Such viruses come from a variety of unrelated lineages and consequently there is no taxon that unites all mosaic viruses. All the symptoms of each virus or complex appear the same, so the only way to know exactly which viral subtype is infecting a plant is to send it to a local extension service. Alternatively, commercial testing kits exist for settings like greenhouses. Examples Virus species that contain the word 'mosaic' in their English language common name, as of March 2019, are listed below. However, not all viruses that may cause a mottled appearance belong to species that include the word "mosaic" in the name. See also * Mosaic A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly pop . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comovirus
''Comovirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Picornavirales'', in the family ''Secoviridae'', in the subfamily ''Comovirinae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 15 species in this genus. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species: *'' Andean potato mottle virus'' *''Bean pod mottle virus ''Bean pod mottle virus'', or BPMV, is a species of plant pathogenic virus in the family ''Secoviridae''. It is known to infect soybean crops. Description BPMV is the viral pathogen that causes the disease Bean Pod Mottle in soybeans and other ...'' *'' Bean rugose mosaic virus'' *'' Broad bean stain virus'' *'' Broad bean true mosaic virus'' *'' Cowpea mosaic virus'' *'' Cowpea severe mosaic virus'' *'' Glycine mosaic virus'' *'' Pea green mottle virus'' *'' Pea mild mosaic virus'' *'' Quail pea mosaic virus'' *'' Radish mosaic virus'' *'' Red clover mottle virus'' *'' Squash mosaic virus'' *'' Ullucus virus C'' Structure Viruses in ''Comovirus'' are non-enveloped, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucurbits
The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: *''Cucurbita'' – squash, pumpkin, zucchini, some gourds *''Lagenaria'' – calabash, and others that are inedible *''Citrullus'' – watermelon (''C. lanatus'', ''C. colocynthis'') and others *''Cucumis'' – cucumber (''C. sativus''), various melons and vines *''Momordica'' – bitter melon *''Luffa'' – the common name is also luffa, sometimes spelled loofah (when fully ripened, two species of this fibrous fruit are the source of the loofah scrubbing sponge) *''Cyclanthera'' – Caigua The plants in this family are grown around the tropics and in temperate areas, where those with edible fruits were among the earliest cultivated plants in both the Old and New Worlds. The family Cucurbitaceae ranks among the highest of plant families for number and percentage of species used as human food. The name ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyphagous
Feeding is the process by which organisms, typically animals, obtain food. Terminology often uses either the suffixes -vore, -vory, or -vorous from Latin ''vorare'', meaning "to devour", or -phage, -phagy, or -phagous from Greek φαγεῖν (), meaning "to eat". Evolutionary history The evolution of feeding is varied with some feeding strategies evolving several times in independent lineages. In terrestrial vertebrates, the earliest forms were large amphibious piscivores 400 million years ago. While amphibians continued to feed on fish and later insects, reptiles began exploring two new food types, other tetrapods (carnivory), and later, plants (herbivory). Carnivory was a natural transition from insectivory for medium and large tetrapods, requiring minimal adaptation (in contrast, a complex set of adaptations was necessary for feeding on highly fibrous plant materials). Evolutionary adaptations The specialization of organisms towards specific food sources is one of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
