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Der Aa-kerk
The Aa-kerk (also: A-kerk) is a historic former parish church in the centre of Groningen, and a dominant feature in the skyline of the city together with the nearby Martinitoren. History Before the construction of the current church, a chapel dedicated to Mary and Saint Nicholas (patron saint of fishermen) stood on this site. The chapel was situated close to the river Aa, where bargees cast off vessels in the western harbour ( Westerhaven). The chapel became a parish church in the year 1247 and was named "Chapel of Our Lady at the river Aa" (Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe ter Aa-kerk). At this time, Groningen consisted of two centres, each surrounding a religious edifice, the Church of Our Lady at the river Aa being one of them. Fishermen and tradesmen inhabited the area around this chapel. The chapel was transformed into a brick gothic church between 1425 and 1495. Both the interior and exterior have been altered many times over the course of history due to the iconoclasm during the Reform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groningen (city)
Groningen (; gos, Grunn or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen province in the Netherlands. The ''capital of the north'', Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of the northern part of the country; as of December 2021, it had 235,287 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city/municipality of the Netherlands and the second largest outside the Randstad. Groningen was established more than 950 years ago and gained city rights in 1245. Due to its relatively isolated location from the then successive Dutch centres of power (Utrecht, The Hague, Brussels), Groningen was historically reliant on itself and nearby regions. As a Hanseatic city, it was part of the North German trade network, but later it mainly became a regional market centre. At the height of its power in the 15th century, Groningen could be considered an independent city-state and it remained autonomous until the French era. Today Groningen is a university ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
F♯ (musical Note)
F (F-sharp; also known as fa dièse or fi) is the seventh semitone of the solfège. It lies a chromatic semitone above F and a diatonic semitone below G, thus being enharmonic to ''sol bémol'' or G (G-flat). However, in some temperaments, it is not the same as G. G is a major third below B, whereas F is a major third above D (a minor third below A). Another enharmonic note is E (E-double sharp). When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of the F above middle C (or F4) is approximately 369.994 Hz. See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency. Designation by octave Scales Common scales beginning on F * F major: F G A B C D E F * F natural minor: F G A B C D E F * F harmonic minor: F G A B C D E F * F melodic minor ascending: F G A B C D E F * F melodic minor descending: F E D C B A G F Diatonic scales * F Ionian: F G A B C D E F * F Dorian: F G A B C D E F * F Phrygian: F G A B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Groningen (city)
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, monument, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the :Human habitats, human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolsward
Bolsward (, West Frisian: ''Boalsert'') is a city in Súdwest-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. Bolsward has a population of just under 10,200. It is located 10 km W.N.W. of Sneek. History The town is founded on three artificial dwelling mounds, the first of which was built some time before Christ. During the Middle Ages, Bolsward was a trade center and port city connected to the North Sea via the Middle Sea. This connection was lost when the Middle Sea was reclaimed to form arable land. After this, a canal was dug to the Zuiderzee. The town is first mentioned in AD 725. As a trading city, Bolsward was granted city rights by Philip the Good in 1455. Bolsward was made a member of the Hanseatic league in 1422. Before being merged into the municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, the town of Bolsward was an independent municipality. Notable historical figures Notable historical figures born here include: * Juw Juwinga or Jonghema (14th century), 11th potes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raphael Rodensteen
The Rodensteen family (also given as Raphaëlis, Rottstein, and Rottenstein-Pock) were a Dutch family of organ builders active during the 16th century. Documents from the family's work, particularly those made by Hermann Rodensteen (died 9 July 1583), are some of the most informative and detailed extant documents on 16th century organ building. The earliest known instrument built by the family was at the St. Peter's Church, Utrecht in the years 1507–1508 by Israel Rodensteen; the oldest known member of the family. Raphael Rodensteen (died 1552 or 1554) built the organ at St. Martin's Church, Bolsward in c.1540. Rapahel's son, Hermann Rodensteen, built several new organs during his lifetime; including organs for the Roskilde Cathedral (1553–1555); the chapel of Copenhagen Castle (1556); St Jakobi, Chemnitz (1559); the Cathedral of St Peter, Bautzen (c1560); St Katharinen, Zwickau (1560–62); the Schlosskirche, Dresden (1563); the Church of Saint Michael, Vienna Saint Micha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broerkerk
The Broerkerk in Groningen, The Netherlands was a Medieval church connected to the Franciscan cloister in Groningen. The church was situated in the Broerstraat in Groningen. The Broerkerk was the first church in the town used by the Protestants. In 1702 Arp Schnitger built an organ for the Broerekerk in Groningen. For the organ he used pipe-work from the previous instrument built by Hendrick Hermans van Loon in 1679. In 1815 the organ was moved by J.W. Timpe to the Der Aa-kerk because the Broerkerk/Academiekerk had to be restored to the Roman Catholic Church. After the city joined the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, the church became the church of the University of Groningen (1614). In the 19th century the church was given back to the Roman Catholics. The church was in such a bad condition that the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organ In The Aa-kerk In Groningen
The west gallery organ in the Aa-kerk in Groningen was built by Arp Schnitger in 1699–1702. Originally built for the Academiekerk in Groningen it was moved to the Aa-kerk in 1815. Today it has 40 stops on three manuals and pedal, and is a monument of European significance. Building History Predecessor The Der Aa-kerk in Groningen in the Netherlands was built in its current cruciform shape in the late Gothic period, and was named after the neighboring river Aa. In 1475 an organ was built on the eastern wall of the south transept, rebuilt in 1558 by Andreas de Mare I. 1654 Theodorus Faber was commissioned, with Andreas de Mare II (whose relationship to the organ builder of the same name from the 16th century is not yet clear), to build a large new organ on the west wall, but Faber could not complete it before his death in 1659. Jacobus Galtus Hagerbeer completed this large instrument in 1667; it had 40 stops on three manuals and pedal. In 1671 this organ fell victim to a fire. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arp Schnitger
Arp Schnitger (2 July 164828 July 1719 (buried)) was an influential Northern German organ builder. Considered the most paramount manufacturer of his time, Schnitger built or rebuilt over 150 organs. He was primarily active in Northern Europe, especially the Netherlands and Germany, where a number of his instruments still survive. Biography Schnitger was born near Schmalenfleth in Oldenburg, Germany, and was baptized on 9 July 1648 in Golzwarden. The exact date of Schnitger's birth is unknown; the scholar Gustav Fock hypothesises it was on 2 July 1648, a week before his baptism. Schnitger was born into a family of woodworkers and wood carvers. He was apprenticed at the age of 18. Between 1666 and 1671, Schnitger studied organ building with his cousin Berendt Huss ( 1630-1676) in Glückstadt and worked as a journeyman. In 1682, Schnitger and his workshop moved to Hamburg. In 1708, he was appointed organ builder of the Prussian court. In 1684, Schnitger was married to Gertru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Van Hagerbeer
A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. Depending on the type of van, it can be bigger or smaller than a pickup truck and SUV, and bigger than a common car. There is some varying in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking countries. The smallest vans, microvans, are used for transporting either goods or people in tiny quantities. Mini MPVs, compact MPVs, and MPVs are all small vans usually used for transporting people in small quantities. Larger vans with passenger seats are used for institutional purposes, such as transporting students. Larger vans with only front seats are often used for business purposes, to carry goods and equipment. Specially-equipped vans are used by television stations as mobile studios. Postal services and courier companies use large step vans to deliver packages. Word origin and usage Van meaning a type of vehicle arose as a contraction of the word caravan. The earliest records of a van as a vehicle i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enkhuizen
Enkhuizen () is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland and the region of West-Frisia. History Enkhuizen, like Hoorn and Amsterdam, was one of the harbor-towns of the VOC, from where overseas trade with the East Indies was conducted. It received city rights in 1355. On June 24, 1572 during the Eighty Years' War, in Enkhuizen five Franciscans from Alkmaar were hanged: known as the martyrs of Alkmaar. In the mid-17th century, Enkhuizen was at the peak of its power and was one of the most important harbor cities in the Netherlands. However, due to a variety of reasons, notably the silting up of the harbors, Enkhuizen lost its position to Amsterdam. Tourism Enkhuizen has one of the largest marinas in the Netherlands. Zuiderzeemuseum is located in Enkhuizen. Architecturally, the Drommedaris is the oldest building in Enkhuizen, from 1540. Tourists take boat trips to and from the port to Medemblik. Industry Industrially, Enkhuizen is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
B (musical Note)
B, also known as Si, Ti, or, in some European countries, H, is the seventh note and the twelfth semitone of the fixed-Do solfège. Its enharmonic equivalents are C (C-flat) and A (A-double sharp). When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of Middle B (B4) is approximately 493.883 Hz. See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency. Designation by octave Scales Common scales beginning on B * B major: B C D E F G A B * B natural minor: B C D E F G A B * B Harmonic minor: B C D E F G A B * B Melodic minor ascending: B C D E F G A B * B melodic minor descending: B A G F E D C B Diatonic scales * B Ionian: B C D E F G A B * B Dorian: B C D E F G A B * B Phrygian: B C D E F G A B * B Lydian: B C D E F G A B * B Mixolydian: B C D E F G A B * B Aeolian: B C D E F G A B * B Locrian: B C D E F G A B Jazz melodic minor * B Ascending melodic minor: B C D E F G A B * B Dorian ♭2: B C D E F G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D♯ (musical Note)
D (D-sharp) or re dièse is the fourth semitone of the solfège. It lies a chromatic semitone above D and a diatonic semitone below E, thus being enharmonic to ''mi bémol'' or E. However, in some temperaments, it is not the same as E. E is a perfect fourth above B, whereas D is a major third above B. When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of the D above middle C (or D4) is approximately 311.127 Hz. See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency. Designation by octave Scales Common scales beginning on D * D major: D E F G A B C D * D natural minor: D E F G A B C D * D harmonic minor: D E F G A B C D * D melodic minor ascending: D E F G A B C D * D Melodic Minor Descending: D C B A G F E D Diatonic scales * D Ionian: D E F G A B C D * D Dorian: D E F G A B C D * D Phrygian: D E F G A B C D * D Lydian: D E F G A B C D * D Mixolydian: D E F G A B C D * D Aeolian: D E F G A B C D * D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
