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Demoi
In Ancient Greece, a deme or (, plural: ''demoi'', δήμοι) was a suburb or a subdivision of Athens and other city-states. Demes as simple subdivisions of land in the countryside existed in the 6th century BC and earlier, but did not acquire particular significance until the reforms of Cleisthenes in 508 BC. In those reforms, enrollment in the citizen-lists of a deme became the requirement for citizenship; prior to that time, citizenship had been based on membership in a phratry, or family group. At this same time, demes were established in the main city of Athens itself, where they had not previously existed; in all, at the end of Cleisthenes' reforms, Athens was divided into 139 demes., Three other demes were created subsequently: Berenikidai (224/223 BC), Apollonieis (201/200 BC), and Antinoeis (AD 126/127). The establishment of demes as the fundamental units of the state weakened the ''gene'', or aristocratic family groups, that had dominated the phratries. A deme functi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acharnae
Acharnae or Acharnai (; ) was a ''deme'' of ancient Athens. It was part of the phyle Oineis. Acharnae, according to Thucydides, was the largest deme in Attica. In the fourth century BCE, 22 of the 500 members of the Athenian council came from Acharnae, more than from any other deme. Name The place-name of Acharnae is most likely pre-Greek in origin, similar to other place-names throughout Attica. During antiquity it was believed that the name originated from the word () or (), meaning seabass, due to the shape of the plain that Acharnae was in looking like a fish. Another view was that the name originated from Acharnas, one of the mythical heroes from Attica and the supposed founder of the city. Location Acharnae was located in the west-northwest part of the Attic plain, 60 stadia north of Athens, south of Mount Parnes. The site of Acharnae is located at and southwest of Menidi (renamed to modern Acharnes). It was from the woods of this mountain that the Acharnian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erechtheis
Erechtheis () was a phyle (tribe) of ancient Athens with fourteen demes, named for the legendary king Erechtheus. The phyle was created in the reforms of Kleisthenes. Although there is little specific reference to the tribe, an inscription dated to either 460 or 459BC in the form of a casualty list allows a little access. Two generals are listed for the single year on which the text insists, Ph ynihos is followed in the list by Hippodamas, possibly indicating that he succeeded the former in the summer due to the death of Ph ynihos. Alternatively they were elected together which was not uncommon later. The presence of a seer on the list is surprising, as their role of accompanying the army to interpret omens through the analysis of the entrails of sacrificed animals does not seem particularly dangerous. That there is no other tribe mentioned on the inscription is unusual as most casualty lists arrange the dead according to tribe on a single stele or group of joined stelai. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asty
Asty (; ) was the physical space of a city or town in Ancient Greece, especially as opposed to the political concept of a ''polis'', which encompassed the entire territory and citizen body of a city-state. In Classical Athens, the ''asty'' was specifically the urban ''deme, demoi'' of Attica, as opposed to the inland (''mesogeia'') and coastal (''Paralia (trittys), paralia'') ''demoi'' that comprised each of the ten Attic tribes. Despite their name, most of the ''demoi'' of the ''asty'' were rural in character. Comprising about 42 of the 139 ''demoi'' of the Athenian state, they provided about 130 ''bouleutai'' in the 500-strong ''boule (ancient Greece), boule''. However, due to their proximity to the city of Athens, they were over-represented in the institutions of the Athenian democracy; in surviving records, the names of the ''bouleutai'' from the ''asty'' are mentioned 1.5 to 2 times as often as those from the rest of Attica. Asty Demoi Asty demoi located within Athens insi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eleusis
Elefsina () or Eleusis ( ; ) is a suburban city and Communities and Municipalities of Greece, municipality in Athens metropolitan area. It belongs to West Attica regional unit of Greece. It is located in the Thriasio Plain, at the northernmost end of the Saronic Gulf. North of Elefsina are Mandra, Greece, Mandra and Magoula, Attica, Magoula, while Aspropyrgos is to the northeast. It is the site of the Eleusinian Mysteries and the birthplace of Aeschylus. Today, Elefsina is a major industrial centre, with the largest oil refinery in Greece as well as the home of the Aeschylia Festival, the longest-lived arts event in the Attica Region. On 11 November 2016, Elefsina was named the European Capital of Culture for 2021, which became effective in 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic postponement. Etymology The word ''Eleusis'' first appears in the ''Orphic Hymn to Eleusinian Demeter'': «Δήμητρος Ελευσινίας, θυμίαμα στύρακα». Also Hesychius of Alexand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandionis
Pandionis () was an ancient ''phyle'' (tribe or clan) of Attica. It was one of the original ten tribes in which Athenian citizens were divided after the late 6th century BC reforms of Cleisthenes. The citizens of Pandionis were known as Pandionidae (). At the time of its creation, Pandionis was composed of eleven demes, although the number of demes changed in the following centuries. The tribe was named after the eponymous hero Pandion, usually thought to have been either Pandion I or Pandion II, two of the legendary Kings of Athens. Demes The names of the demes of Pandionis were Angele, Konthyle, Kydathenaion, Kytheros, Myrrhinous, Oa, Lower Paiania, Upper Paiania, Prasiai, Probalinthos, Steiria. The two sections of Paiania, typically counted among the demes of Pandionis, are recorded separately on at least four of the eight prytany and bouleutic catalogues of that period. Three additional demes that never appear in a list of councillors, i.e. Graes, Phegaia, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erechtheus
Erechtheus (; ) in Greek mythology was a king of Athens, the founder of the ''polis'' and, in his role as god, attached to Poseidon, as "Poseidon Erechtheus". The name Erichthonius is carried by a son of Erechtheus, but Plutarch conflated the two names in the myth of the begetting of Erechtheus. Erechtheus I Athenians thought of themselves as ''Erechtheidai'', the "sons of Erechtheus". In Homer's ''Iliad'' (2. 547–48) Erechtheus is the son of "grain-giving Earth", reared by Athena. The earth-born son was sired by Hephaestus, whose semen Athena wiped from her thigh with a fillet of wool cast to earth, by which Gaia was made pregnant. In the contest for patronage of Athens between Poseidon and Athena, the salt spring on the Acropolis where Poseidon's trident struck was known as the ''sea of Erechtheus''. Erechtheus II, king of Athens Family The second Erechtheus was given a historicizing genealogy as son and heir to King Pandion I of Athens by Zeuxippe, this Pandion be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aigeis
Aigeis () was a tribe (phyle) of Ancient Athens which contained twenty demes: Lower Ankyle, Lower and Upper Ankyle, Araphen, Bate (Attica), Bate, Diomeia, Erchia (deme), Erchia, Erikeia, Gargettos, Halae Araphenides, Hestiaea (Attica), Hestiaia, Ikarion, Ionidai, Kollytos, Kolonos (deme), Kolonos, Kydantidai, Myrrhinoutta, Otryne, Phegaea (Aigeis), Phegaia, Philaidai, Plotheia. It was named for the legendary king Aegeus. The quota of demes for Aigeis showed the greatest variety of all the phyles during the first and second periods (343–253 BC) of bouleutic government. Of the deme Ankylē, an individual is known, Polystratos, who owned land within that deme. An individual named Hagnias II had an estate within the deme Araphen.(ed. additional sources on Hagnias and descendants (Bouselos) Molly Broadbent - Studies in Greek Genealogy [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aegeus
Aegeus (, ; ) was one of the List of kings of Athens, kings of Athens in Greek mythology, who gave his name to the Aegean Sea, was the father of Theseus, and founded Athenian institutions. Family Aegeus was the son of Pandion II, king of Athens and Pylia (mythology), Pylia, daughter of King Pylas of Megara and thus, brother to Pallas (son of Pandion), Pallas, Nisos, Nysus, Lycus (mythology), Lykos and the wife of Sciron. But, in some accounts, he was regarded as the son of Scyrius or Phemius (mythology), Phemius and was not of the stock of the Erechtheus, Erechtheids, since he was only an adopted son of Pandion. Aegeus' first wife was Meta (mythology), Meta, daughter of Hoples and his second wife was Chalciope, daughter of Rhexenor, neither of whom bore him any children.Apollodorus3.15.6/ref> He was also credited to be the father of Medus by the witch Medea. In a rare account, Pallas was also said to be the son of Aegeus. The latter was also said to fathered Megareus of Onches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AGMA Pinakia
Agma is a name for the velar nasal speech sound and the letter ⟨⟩ that stands for it. AGMA may refer to: * Alliance for Gray Market and Counterfeit Abatement, an anti-counterfeiting and gray market organization * American Gear Manufacturers Association, a trade group for companies involved in gears, couplings and related power transmission components and equipment * American Guild of Musical Artists, an entertainment labor union * Association of Greater Manchester Authorities, the local government association for Greater Manchester, England {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pandion (hero)
Pandion ( or ; Ancient Greek: Πανδίων) was the eponymous hero of the Attic tribe Pandionis, which was created as part of the tribal reforms of Cleisthenes at the end of the sixth century BC. He is usually assumed to be one of the two legendary kings of Athens, Pandion I or Pandion II. Pandion I and II The relationship between Pandion, the eponymous hero, and the two legendary Athenian kings Pandion I and Pandion II is unclear, but most sources assume that the hero was one or the other of these two kings. The situation is further complicated by the fact that either Pandion I or Pandion II may have been invented to fill a gap in the mythical history of Athens, and that originally there may have been only one Pandion. Demosthenes' Funeral Oration (338 BC) makes the father of the famous sisters Procne and Philomela—usually considered to be Pandion I—the eponymous hero of the Pandionidae. However, the 2nd century AD geographer Pausanias does not know which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leontis
Leontis () was a ''phyle'' (tribe) of Ancient Attica. The phyle is shown on the base of a statue made after an anthippasia to commemorate the victory of the phyle at the mock battle. Themistocles belonged to this phyle. Two horse-men are listed as part of the Catalogus Hippeum in history who possibly belonged to this phyle, they were Euktimenos and Euthymenes, both living during the 3rd century B.C.E.H. W. Pleket ''Supplementum epigraphicum graecum''published by J.C. Gieben 1991, 699 pages, etrieved 2015-12-22/ref> The demes of Leontis were: Aethalidae, Halimus, Deiradiotae, Hecale, Eupyridae, Cettus, Colonae, Cropia, Leuconoe, Oeum, Kerameikos, Paeonidae, Peleces, Upper Potamos, Lower Potamus, Deiradiotae, Scambonidae, Sounion Cape Sounion (Modern Greek: Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο ''Akrotírio Soúnio'' ; ''Άkron Soúnion'', latinized ''Sunium''; Venetian: ''Capo Colonne'' "Cape of Columns") is the promontory at the southernmost tip of the Attica p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
