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Demetre Of Guria
Demetre Gurieli ( ka, დემეტრე გურიელი, died ), of the House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1658 to 1668 and King of Imereti from 1663 to 1664. His rule in Guria as well as in Imereti were result of coups and part of a chaotic civil war raging in these western Georgian polities. Demetre's royal career in Imereti terminated with his deposition and blinding. Demetre was a member of the Gurieli, a family of princes-regnant of Guria. His parentage is not directly attested in the surviving chronicles and documents; Demetre appears to have been a son of Simon I Gurieli, a patricide, who was deposed and blinded in 1626. Demetre emerged from obscurity in 1658, when he was installed in Guria by King Alexander III of Imereti in place of his relative Kaikhosro I Gurieli, whom the king had deposed and forced into exile in Istanbul. Formerly an Orthodox monk, Demetre recompensed his act of unfrocking by donating the church of the Redeemer in Aketi as a metoch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Gurieli
The House of Gurieli () was a Georgian princely (''mtavari'') family and a ruling dynasty (dukes) of the southwestern Georgian province of Guria, which was autonomous and later, for a few centuries, independent. A few ducal rulers of the dynasty also rose in the 17th-18th centuries to be kings of the whole western Caucasus in place of the hereditary Bagrationi kings of Imereti. History Bearing a hereditary title for governors (Eristavi) of Guria since the mid-13th century, Gurieli (literally, "of Guria") was adopted as a dynastic name by the Vardanisdze family (ვარდანისძე), hereditary rulers of Svaneti (a highland province in western Georgia). The other notable branch of the Vardanisdze was the Dadiani (დადიანი) of Samegrelo. Both of these branches occasionally used double names: Gurieli-Dadiani or Dadiani-Gurieli. The medieval Gurieli were vassals of the Georgian crown but, at the same time, seem to have paid some kind of homage ( el, προ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vameq III Dadiani
Vameq III Dadiani (also Vamiq; ka, ვამეყ ამიყIII დადიანი; died 1661) was Prince of Mingrelia, of the House of Dadiani, from 1658 until being deposed in 1661. He was also briefly King of Imereti in 1661. He assumed both Mingrelian and Imeretian thrones and lost them during a messy civil war in western Georgian polities and was killed by assassins while hiding in a refuge of the mountains of Svaneti. Prince of Mingrelia Vameq was born into the Lipartiani family, a younger line of the Dadiani dynasty of Mingrelia, which held the fief of Salipartiano in hereditary possession. Vameq was a son of Giorgi II Lipartiani by his first wife Ana, probably his cousin and a daughter of Giorgi III Dadiani. Vameq succeeded to lordship of Salipartiano in 1618. In 1657, after the death of his relative, Levan II Dadiani, Vameq prevented his rival Liparit III Dadiani from becoming Mingrelia's next ruler. To his cause, Vameq was able to enlist support of King Ale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Unknown
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1668 Deaths
Events January–March * January 23 – The Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed between England, Sweden and the United Provinces of the Netherlands. * February 13 – In Lisbon, a peace treaty is established between Afonso VI of Portugal and Carlos II of Spain, by mediation of Charles II of England, in which the legitimacy of the Portuguese monarch is recognized. Portugal yields Ceuta to Spain. * c. February – The English Parliament and bishops seek to suppress Thomas Hobbes' treatise ''Leviathan''. * March 8 – In the Cretan War, the navy of the Republic of Venice defeats an Ottoman Empire naval force of 12 ships and 2,000 galleys that had attempted to seize a small Venetian galley near the port of Agia Pelagia. * March 23 – The Bawdy House Riots of 1668 take place in London when a group of English Dissenters begins attacking brothels, initially as a protest against the harsh enforcement of laws against private worshipers and the lack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kings Of Imereti
The Kingdom of Imereti ( ka, იმერეთის სამეფო, tr) was a Georgian monarchy established in 1455 by a member of the house of Bagrationi when the Kingdom of Georgia was Triarchy and collapse of the Kingdom of Georgia, dissolved into rival kingdoms. Before that time, Imereti was considered a separate kingdom within the Kingdom of Georgia, of which a cadet branch of the Bagrationi royal family held the crown. The realm was conquered by George V the Brilliant and once again united with the east Kingdom of Georgia.D.M.Lang - Georgia in the Reign of Giorgi the Brilliant (1314-1346), Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 17, pp. 74-91 From 1455 onward, however, Imereti became a constant battleground between Georgian and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman forces for several centuries, resulting in the kingdom's progressive decline due to this ongoing instability. Under pressure from Pavel Tsitsianov, in 1804 Solomon II of Imereti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of Guria
The Principality of Guria ( ka, გურიის სამთავრო, tr) was a historical state in Georgia. Centered on modern-day Guria, a southwestern region in Georgia, it was located between the Black Sea and Lesser Caucasus, and was ruled by a succession of twenty-two princes of the House of Gurieli from the 1460s to 1829. The principality emerged during the process of fragmentation of a unified Kingdom of Georgia. Its boundaries fluctuated in the course of permanent conflicts with neighboring Georgian rulers and Ottoman Empire, and the principality enjoyed various degrees of autonomy until being annexed by Imperial Russia in 1829. Early history Since the beginning of 13th century, Guria, one of the provinces of the Kingdom of Georgia, located between Rioni and Chorokhi river was administered by hereditary governors (Eristavi). The Gurian ruler to which the Georgian crown attached the title of Gurieli ("of Guria") took advantage of the Mongol invasion of Georgia an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgi III Gurieli
Giorgi III Gurieli ( ka, გიორგი III გურიელი; died 1684), of the Georgian House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1669 to 1684 and King of Imereti from 1681 to 1683. He was energetically involved in civil wars in western Georgian polities, which he sought to bring under his sway. He was killed in battle while trying to recover the lost throne of Imereti. Accession Giorgi was the eldest son of Kaikhosro I, Prince-regnant of Guria. After the assassination of his father, Giorgi and his brother Malakia fled to the protection of the Ottoman pasha of Akhaltsikhe, whose help he exploiting in securing the princely throne of Guria after the death of Demetre Gurieli in 1668. According to the 18th-century Georgian historian Prince Vakhushti Giorgi was "powerful, brave, superb warrior, godless, bloodthirsty, and a merciless slave-trader". He successfully fought the piratical Abkhaz who raided the coast of Guria on more than one occasion. Conflicts in Imereti a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Vakhushti
Vakhushti ( ka, ვახუშტი, tr) (1696–1757) was a Georgian royal prince (''batonishvili''), geographer, historian and cartographer. His principal historical and geographic works, ''Description of the Kingdom of Georgia'' and the ''Geographical Atlas'', were inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2013. Life A natural son of King Vakhtang VI of Kartli (ruled 1716–24), he was born in Tbilisi, 1696. Educated by the brothers Garsevanishvili and a Roman Catholic mission, he was fluent in Greek, Latin, French, Turkish, Russian and Armenian. His name Vakhushti derives from Old Iranian ''vahišta-'' ("paradise", superlative of ''veh'' "good", i.e., "superb, excellent"). Its equivalent in Middle Persian is ''wahišt'' and in New Persian ''behešt''. In 1719 and 1720, he took part in two successive campaigns against the rebel duke (''eristavi'') Shanshe of the Ksani. From August to November 1722, he was a governor of the kingdom during his father's absenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagrat V Of Imereti
Bagrat V ( ka, ბაგრატ V) (1620–1681), of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was a king of Imereti, whose troubled reign in the years of 1660–61, 1663–68, 1669–78, and 1679–81, was marked by extreme instability and feudal anarchy in the kingdom. Reign The eldest son of Alexander III of Imereti by his first wife, Bagrat V succeeded on his father's death in 1660. His influential stepmother Darejan made him marry her niece, Ketevan. However, a year later, Darejan disrupted the union and offered Bagrat herself as a bride. On the king's refusal, Darejan had him arrested and blinded. The queen dowager then remarried an insignificant aristocrat, Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili, and had him crowned as king. The move drew many nobles into opposition. They enlisted the Ottoman and Mingrelian support and restored Bagrat. Darejan was exiled to Akhaltsikhe, in the Ottoman-held Georgian province. In 1668, Bagrat was once again dethroned by Darejan's party with the military support of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archil Of Imereti
Archil ( ka, არჩილი) (1647 – April 16, 1713), of Bagrationi dynasty, king of Imereti in western Georgia (1661–1663, 1678–1679, 1690–1691, 1695–1696, and 1698) and of Kakheti in eastern Georgia (1664–75). After a series of unsuccessful attempts to establish himself on the throne of Imereti, Archil retired to Russia where he spearheaded the cultural life of a local Georgian community. He was also a lyric poet. Political career Archil was the son of Vakhtang V Shahnawaz of Kartli, who, under the Persian protection, attempted to reunify a fragmented Kingdom of Georgia under his crown. Having brought the neighboring eastern kingdom of Kakheti under his control, Vakhtang marched into western Georgia in 1661, deposed King Bagrat V of Imereti, and crowned his fourteen-year-old son Archil king at Kutaisi, capital of Imereti. The Ottoman government strongly objected to what it considered a Persian-inspired incursion into the Turkish zone of influence. A Turkis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vakhtang V Of Kartli
Vakhtang V ( ka, ვახტანგ V), born Bakhuta Mukhranbatoni ( ka, ბახუტა მუხრანბატონი) (1618 – September 1675), was the King of Kartli (eastern Georgia) from 1658 until his death, who ruled as a vassal wali for the Persian shah. He is also known under the name of Shah Nawaz, which he assumed on being obliged outwardly to conform to Islam. Life The son of Teimuraz I, Prince of Mukhrani, Vakhtang was the first Georgian ruler of the Mukhranian branch of the House of Bagrationi, and succeeded his cousin, David, as the Lord of Mukhrani (''Mukhranbatoni'') in 1629. He was adopted, in 1653, by the childless ruler of Kartli, Rostom Khan, as his heir and successor to the throne. Vakhtang went to Persia, in 1654, to be confirmed by Abbas II, accepted Islam and took the name Shah Nawaz. He lived for some time in Persia at the court of Abbas, with whom he enjoyed great favour. As regent, he actually ran the government in the last years of Ros ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Mingrelia
The Principality of Mingrelia ( ka, სამეგრელოს სამთავრო, tr), also known as Odishi and as Samegrelo, was a historical state in Georgia ruled by the Dadiani dynasty. History The principality emerged out of a non-aggression pact and an ensuing treaty signed by Konstantine II of Kartli, Alexandre of Kakhetia, and Qvarqvare II, ''atabag'' of Samtshke, which divided Georgia into three kingdoms and a number of principalities. Mingrelia was established as an independent Principality in 1557 with Levan I Dadiani serving as a hereditary ''mtavari'' (Prince). It remained independent until it became a subject to Imperial Russia in 1803. This came after it signed a patronage treaty with the Russian Empire, which was concluded in return for Russian protection against the harassment of Mingrelia's more powerful neighbors, Imeretia and Abkhazia. The principality ultimately came to an end when Prince Niko Dadiani was deposed, and the principality abolished, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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