|
Demala Pattuva
Demala Hatpattu (Tamil Seven Regions) or Demala Pattu or Demala Pattuva was a medieval and pre colonial division of Sri Lanka. It was a regional political division formed by royal land grants. There were number of such Pattus across the country. Demela Hatpattu was named as such because at its time of creation, it was exclusively governed by Tamil hereditary chiefs. The land was granted to Chiefs of Kerala Tamil Mukkuvar chiefs initially, later on given to Karava chiefs migrated from Coromandel Coast for services rendered or as a result of conquest by Mukkuvas. (See Mukkuvar and Vannimai) The Pattu consisted of the following subdivisions #Panditha Pattuva #Kirimettiya Pattuva #Karamba Pattuva #Periavelli Pattuva # Muneswaram Pattuva #Anevilundan Pattuva #Kumaravanni Pattuva #Rajavanni Pattuva Of which Muneswaram Pattuva alone had over 63 inhabited villages. It was believed that Chiefs of Munneswarm Pattuva began the Munneswaram temple as a village guardian temple to Munisv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, and southeast of the Arabian Sea; it is separated from the Indian subcontinent by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait. Sri Lanka shares a maritime border with India and Maldives. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is its legislative capital, and Colombo is its largest city and financial centre. Sri Lanka has a population of around 22 million (2020) and is a multinational state, home to diverse cultures, languages, and ethnicities. The Sinhalese are the majority of the nation's population. The Tamils, who are a large minority group, have also played an influential role in the island's history. Other long established groups include the Moors, the Burghers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamil People
The Tamil people, also known as Tamilar ( ta, தமிழர், Tamiḻar, translit-std=ISO, in the singular or ta, தமிழர்கள், Tamiḻarkaḷ, translit-std=ISO, label=none, in the plural), or simply Tamils (), are a Dravidian peoples, Dravidian ethno-linguistic group who trace their ancestry mainly to India’s South India, southern state of Tamil Nadu, union territory of Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry and to Sri Lanka. Tamils who speak the Tamil Language and are born in :Social groups of Tamil Nadu, Tamil clans are considered Tamilians. Tamils constitute 5.9% of the population in India (concentrated mainly in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry), 15% in Sri Lanka (excluding Sri Lankan Moors), 7% in Tamil Malaysians, Malaysia, 6% in Tamil Mauritians, Mauritius, and 5% in Indian Singaporeans, Singapore. From the 4th century BCE, urbanisation and mercantile activity along the western and eastern coasts of what is today Kerala and Tamil Nadu led to the develo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerala
Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South Canara, and Thiruvithamkoor. Spread over , Kerala is the 21st largest Indian state by area. It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. With 33 million inhabitants as per the 2011 census, Kerala is the 13th-largest Indian state by population. It is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram. Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state. The Chera dynasty was the first prominent kingdom based in Kerala. The Ay kingdom in the deep south and the Ezhimala kingdom in the north formed the other kingdoms in the early years of the Common Era (CE). The region had been a prominent spic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukkara Hatana
The Mukkara Hatana ("''The'' ''Mukkuvar War"'') is a 17th-century palm-leaf manuscript from Sri Lanka. Written in Sinhalese, the work celebrates the victory of the Karaiyars, also known as Karavas, over the Mukkuvars, who battled for the dominance of the western coast of Sri Lanka. The manuscript is now preserved in the Hugh Nevill collection at the British Museum. Plot The victory of the Karaiyars over the Mukkuvars happened in the Saka era 1159, corresponding to the 15th century. About 7700 Karaiyar chieftains from Kanchipuram, Kaveripattinam and Kilakarai of Tamil Nadu arrived in Sri Lanka at the invitation of Parakramabahu VI of Kotte. The army was led by the chieftains Kurukula Nattu Thevar, Adiarasa Adappan, Varunasuriya Adappan, Kurukulasuriya Mudaliya, Bharathakulasuriya Mudaliyar, Arasakulasuriya Mudaliyar and their main royal chief, Manikka Thalaivan. The chieftains first overthrew the fort of Puttalam after a three-month siege of the Mukkuvar led by Nala Mudaliya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukkuvar
Mukkuvar is a maritime ethnic group found in the Indian states of Kerala , Tamil Nadu and the Eastern and North Western coastal regions of Sri Lanka. They are mostly found on the Malabar Coast, South Travancore Coast and Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, who have traditionally been involved in fishing and other maritime activities. Etymology The caste name proposes several etymology theories. One view holds that the name ''Mukkuvar'' is derived from the Dravidian term ''muluku'' or ''mukku'' meaning "to dive", suggesting their traditional occupation in diving for pearls and seashell. Other titles used by the community are ''Kukankulam, Murkukan'' and ''Mukkiyar''. The Mukkuvars are divided into exogamous clans known as ''llam'' meaning "house". The Mukkuvars of Northern Malabar are known as ''Nalillakkar'' (meaning "of the four illams") consisted of the clans known as ''Ponillam'' (from ''pon'' meaning "gold"), ''Chembillam'' (from ''chembu'' meaning "copper"), ''Karillam'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vannimai
The Vanni chieftaincies or Vanni principalities was a region between Anuradhapura and Jaffna, but also extending to along the eastern coast to Panama and Yala, during the Transitional and Kandyan periods of Sri Lanka. The heavily forested land was a collection of chieftaincies of principalities that were a collective buffer zone between the Jaffna Kingdom, in the north of Sri Lanka, and the Sinhalese kingdoms in the south. Traditionally the forest regions were ruled by Vedda rulers. Later on, the emergence of these chieftaincies were a direct result of the breakdown of central authority and the collapse of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa in the 13th century, as well as the establishment of the Jaffna Kingdom in the Jaffna Peninsula. Control of this area was taken over by dispossessed Sinhalese nobles and chiefs of the South Indian military of Māgha of Kalinga (1215–1236), whose 1215 invasion of Polonnaruwa led to the kingdom's downfall. Sinhalese chieftaincies would lay on the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munneswaram (village)
Munneswaram or Munnessarama is a village in the Puttalam District of Sri Lanka. It is well known for its Munneswaram temple. See also * Munneswaram temple Munneswaram temple ( ta, முன்னேசுவரம் கோயில், si, මුන්නේශ්වරම් කෝවිල) is an important regional Hindu temple complex in Sri Lanka. It has been in existence at least since 1000 ... * Puttalam District * Chillaw References Populated places in North Western Province, Sri Lanka Populated places in Puttalam District {{SriLanka-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munneswaram Temple
Munneswaram temple ( ta, முன்னேசுவரம் கோயில், si, මුන්නේශ්වරම් කෝවිල) is an important regional Hindu temple complex in Sri Lanka. It has been in existence at least since 1000 CE although myths surrounding the temple associate it with the popular Indian epic Ramayana, and its legendary hero-king Rama. The temple is one of the ancient Pancha Ishwarams dedicated to Shiva in the region. The temple complex is a collection of five temples, including a Buddhist temple. The central temple dedicated to Shiva (Siva) is the most prestigious and biggest, and is popular amongst Hindus. The other temples are dedicated to Ganesha, Aiyanar and Kali. The Kali temple is also popular with Buddhists, who frequent the complex. Post-19th century, most of the devotees of all temples in the complex belong to the majority Sinhalese people, Sinhala Buddhist ethnic group; the temples, excluding the Ayyanayake and the Buddhist temple, are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Village Deities Of Sri Lankan Tamils
Village deities are a common feature of the Hindu pantheon of deities. They are known as Gramadevatas. Each Hindu region and caste of India and South Asia has its share of village deities. Sri Lankan Tamils venerate their own group of village deities throughout Sri Lanka, specifically in the Tamil-dominated north and east of the island nation. List of Hindu deities * '' Annamar'' is a deity of the Nalavar and Pallar caste. *''Ayyanar'', sometimes equated with Sasta is a popular deity in almost all villages. ''Aiyan'' is the Tamil name for Buddha and the Aiyanar deity was first syncretised with Buddha. *'' Elu Kanniyar'' take the form of seven virgins. * Kanakampikai Amman is the guardian goddess of the Vanni region. * Kannaki Amman is the chief deity of the coastal folk. *Kali, also Bhadrakali, is a popular female deity. Bhadrakali and also Vairavar (common deity in most villages) are both also worshipped in the form of the trishula. *''Kattavarayan'' is a heroic saviour god ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munisvaran
Muneeswarar (Tamil: முனீஸ்வரன்) is a Hindu god. He is worshipped as a family deity in several Shaivite families in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. His name is a combination of "Muni", meaning ''saint'', and "Ishvara", an epithet of Shiva. He is therefore an avatar of Shiva. Worship Muneeswarar is worshipped in Fiji, Karnataka, Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh, Gudiyattam of Vellore district, and the northern part of Tamil Nadu in India, and more so in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Suriname, where there are many temples dedicated to him. There are many small temples in the Central Province of Sri Lanka, where many Tamil-speaking people live. During the British colonial period, people brought the deity to Sri Lanka. Since his weapon is the trident, Muneeswarar temples contain a trident placed in the ground. Lemons are often placed on the prongs of the trident. In most villages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maradankulama
Maradankulama or Maradankulam is a village situated within the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. It is one of the oldest settlements within the geographic region that formed the medieval divisions of the country called Demala Pattuva. Most villagers speak Sinhala language but unlike the majority of Sinhala language speakers who are Buddhists, they are Saivite Hindus like the minority Sri Lankan Tamils.Bastin, '' The Domain of Constant Excess: Plural Worship at the Munnesvaram Temples in Sri Lanka Short history of Ceylon'', p.152 The village hosts an important festival dedicated to Ayyanar who is a popular village guardian deity. The village along with another predominantly Hindu village Udappu also sponsors a day in the annual chariot festival of the Munneswaram temple Munneswaram temple ( ta, முன்னேசுவரம் கோயில், si, මුන්නේශ්වරම් කෝවිල) is an important regional Hindu temple complex in Sri Lanka. It has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puttalam District
Puttalam is a district situated near to the west coast of Sri Lanka. It has an area of . Along with the Kurunegala District, it formulates the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. The district capital is Puttalam, which borders the Kala Oya and Modaragam Aru in the north, Anuradhapura District and Kurunegala District in the east, Ma Oya in the south, and the Indian Ocean in the west. Puttalam is well known for its picturesque lagoons, popular for shallow sea fishing and prawn farming activities. The town of Kalpitiya, and the Kalpitiya Peninsula, is located in this district. History *In 1845, North Western Province was created. *In 1958, then Puttalam district was merged with Chilaw district.Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998,Gwillim Law, p.334 Geography Puttalam district is situated in the upper part of the western coastal belt. Administrative Structure There are 548 GN division in the area. These areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
