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Declaration On Crimes Of Communism
The Declaration on Crimes of Communism is a declaration signed on 25 February 2010 by several prominent European politicians, former political prisoners, human rights advocates and historians, which calls for the condemnation of communism. Creation It concluded the international conference Crimes of the Communist Regimes, that took place at the Czech Senate and the Office of the Government of the Czech Republic from 24 to 26 February 2010. The declaration reiterated many of the suggestions set forth by the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism. Hosts The conference was hosted by Jiří Liška, Vice President of the Czech Senate, and the Office of the Government of the Czech Republic, and organized by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes under the patronage of Jan Fischer, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic, Heidi Hautala, Chairwoman of the Human Rights Subcommittee of the European Parliament, Göran Lindblad, Vice President of the Parliamentary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange which allocates products to everyone in the society.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." Communist society also involves the absence of private property, social classes, money, and the state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance, but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a more libertarian approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and a more vanguardist or communist party-driven approach through the development of a constitutional socialist st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Endowment For Democracy
The National Endowment for Democracy (NED) is an organization in the United States that was founded in 1983 for promoting democracy in other countries by promoting political and economic institutions such as political groups, trade unions, free markets and business groups. NED is funded primarily by an annual allocation from the U.S. Congress. The NED was created by The Democracy Program as a bipartisan, private, non-profit corporation, and in turn acts as a grant-making foundation. In addition to its grants program, the NED also supports and houses the ''Journal of Democracy'', the World Movement for Democracy, the International Forum for Democratic Studies, the Reagan–Fascell Fellowship Program, the Network of Democracy Research Institutes, and the Center for International Media Assistance. History Founding In a 1982 speech at the Palace of Westminster, President Ronald Reagan proposed an initiative, before the British Parliament, "to foster the infrastructure of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Europe Resolution 1481
In the resolution 1481/2006 of the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly (PACE) issued on 25 January 2006 during its winter session, the Council of Europe "strongly condemns crimes of totalitarian communist regimes". It condemned "the massive human rights violations committed by totalitarian communist regimes and expressed sympathy, understanding and recognition for the victims of these crimes". It also said these violations "included individual and collective assassinations and executions, death in concentration camps, starvation, deportations, torture, slave labour and other forms of mass physical terror". The full draft recommendation by rapporteur Göran Lindblad was issued with great majority by the Political Affairs committee. However, it did not receive the necessary two-thirds majority of the votes cast in the Parliamentary Assembly. The group of communist parties, plus United Russia, strongly opposed the resolution. The resolution was supported by the most conservative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Day Of Remembrance For Victims Of Stalinism And Nazism
The Black Ribbon Day, officially known in the European Union as the European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism and also referred to as the Europe-wide Day of Remembrance for the victims of all totalitarian and authoritarian regimes, is an international day of remembrance for victims of totalitarianism regimes, specifically Stalinist, communist, Nazi and fascist regimes. Formally recognised by the European Union, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and some other countries, it is observed on 23 August. It symbolises the rejection of "extremism, intolerance and oppression" according to the European Union.23. August, Special occasion, Remembrance Day of the Victims of Communism and Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naděžda Kavalírová
Naděžda Kavalírová (13 November 1923 – 20 January 2017) was a Czech paramedic, human rights activist and former political prisoner who became actively involved in the resistance to Czechoslovakia's Communist government. She later headed the Confederation of Political Prisoners (''Konfederace politických vězňů České republiky'') from 2003 until her death in January 2017. Life Kavalírová was born Naděžda Morávková in Opočno, Czechoslovakia, in 1923. In 1948, following the takeover of Czechoslovakia by the Communist government, Kavalírová was expelled from the faculty of the School of Medicine at the Charles University in Prague due to her membership in the Czech National Social Party. She soon became actively involved in the country's opposition movement against the Communist government. In 1956, Kavalírová was convicted of treason Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubert Gehring
Hubert is a Germanic masculine given name, from ''hug'' "mind" and ''beraht'' "bright". It also occurs as a surname. Saint Hubertus or Hubert (c. 656 – 30 May 727) is the patron saint of hunters, mathematicians, opticians, and metalworkers. People with the given name Hubert This is a small selection of articles on people named Hubert; for a comprehensive list see instead . *Hubert Aaronson (1924–2005), F. Mehl University Professor at Carnegie Mellon University *Hubert Adair (1917–1940), World War II Royal Air Force pilot *Hubert Boulard, a French comics creator who is unusually credited as "Hubert" * Hubert Brasier (1917–1981), a Church of England clergyman, more famously the father of UK Prime Minister Theresa May *Hubert Buchanan (born 1941), a United States Air Force captain and fighter pilot *Hubert Chevis (1902–1931), a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery of the British Army who died of strychnine poisoning in June 1931 * Hubert Davies, British playwright and d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vytautas Landsbergis
Vytautas Landsbergis (born 18 October 1932) is a Lithuanian politician and former Member of the European Parliament. He was the first Speaker of Reconstituent Seimas of Lithuania after its independence declaration from the Soviet Union. He has written 20 books on a variety of topics, including a biography of Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, as well as works on politics and music. He is a founding signatory of the Prague Declaration, and a member of the international advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation. Biography Vytautas Landsbergis was born in Kaunas, Lithuania. His father was the architect Vytautas Landsbergis-Žemkalnis. His mother, ophthalmologist Dr. Ona Jablonskytė-Landsbergienė, in 1944 sheltered a Jewish teenager in the family home, for which she was awarded the title of a Righteous Among the Nations by Israel. In 1952 he placed third in the Lithuanian chess championship, after Ratmir Kholmov and Vladas Mikėnas. In 1955, he graduated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joachim Gauck
Joachim Wilhelm Gauck (; born 24 January 1940) is a German politician and civil rights activist who served as President of Germany from 2012 to 2017. A former Lutheran pastor, he came to prominence as an anti-communist civil rights activist in East Germany. During the Peaceful Revolution in 1989, he was a co-founder of the New Forum opposition movement in East Germany, which contributed to the downfall of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and later with two other movements formed the electoral list Alliance 90. In 1990 he was a member of the only freely elected East German People's Chamber in the Alliance 90/The Greens faction. Following German reunification, he was elected as a member of the Bundestag by the People's Chamber in 1990 but resigned after a single day having been chosen by the Bundestag to be the first Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records. This makes him the Bundestag member with the shortest tenure. He served as Federal Commissioner from 1990 to 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Criminal Tribunal For The Former Yugoslavia
The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was a body of the United Nations that was established to prosecute the war crimes that had been committed during the Yugoslav Wars and to try their perpetrators. The tribunal was an ''ad hoc'' court located in The Hague, Netherlands. It was established by Resolution 827 of the United Nations Security Council, which was passed on 25 May 1993. It had jurisdiction over four clusters of crimes committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991: grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, violations of the laws or customs of war, genocide, and crimes against humanity. The maximum sentence that it could impose was life imprisonment. Various countries signed agreements with the UN to carry out custodial sentences. A total of 161 persons were indicted; the final indictments were issued in December 2004, the last of which were confirmed and unsealed in the spring of 2005. The final fugitive, Goran Hadžić, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivana Janů
Ivana ( sr, Ивана) is a feminine given name of Slavic origin that is also popular in southern Ireland, France, French-speaking Canada, the Mediterranean and Latin America. It is the feminine form of the name Ivan, which are both the Slavic cognates of the names Joanna and John. It may also be spelled as Ivanna. In Croatia, the name Ivana was the most common feminine given name between 1970 and 1999. Variants Iva and Ivanka are diminutives derived from Ivana. The name day is celebrated on April 4. In Croatia, the name day is celebrated on December 27. In Slovakia, the name day is celebrated on December 28. In Macedonia, the name day is celebrated on July 07 - also known as ''Ivanden''. People named Ivana Given name Ivana * Ivana (singer) (born 1969), Bulgarian pop-folk singer * Ivana Abramović (born 1983), Croatian professional tennis player * Ivana Alawi (born 1996) Filipina actress, model, YouTuber and singer * Ivana Bacik (born 1968), Czech-Irish politician * Ivana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memorial (society)
Memorial ( rus, Мемориал, p=mʲɪmərʲɪˈaɫ) is an international human rights organisation, founded in Russia during the fall of the Soviet Union to study and examine the Human rights in the Soviet Union, human rights violations and other crimes committed under Joseph Stalin's reign. Prior to its dissolution in Russia, it consisted of two separate legal entities, Memorial International, whose purpose was the recording of the crimes against humanity committed in the Soviet Union, particularly during the Stalinist era, and the Memorial Human Rights Centre, which focused on the human rights defender, protection of human rights, especially in conflict zones in and around modern Russia. A movement rather than a centralized organization, as of December 2021 Memorial encompassed over 50 organisations in Russia and 11 in other countries, including Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Germany, Italy, Belgium and France. Although the focus of affiliated groups differs from region to region, they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikita V
Nikita may refer to: * Nikita (given name) * Nikita, Crimea, a town in Crimea * Nikita the Tanner, a character in East Slavic folklore Film and television *''Little Nikita'', a 1988 film * ''La Femme Nikita'' (film), also known as ''Nikita'', a 1990 French-language film starring Anne Parillaud and directed by Luc Besson ** ''Point of No Return'' (film), a 1993 American adaptation of the 1990 film ''Nikita'' starring Bridget Fonda and directed by John Badham ** ''La Femme Nikita'' (TV series), a 1997–2001 Canadian television series based on 1990 film by Luc Besson, broadcast as ''Nikita'' in Canada, starring Peta Wilson ** ''Nikita'' (TV series), a 2010–2013 American television series on The CW starring Maggie Q Music * NikitA Nikita may refer to: * Nikita (given name) * Nikita, Crimea, a town in Crimea * Nikita the Tanner, a character in East Slavic folklore Film and television *''Little Nikita'', a 1988 film * ''La Femme Nikita'' (film), also known as ''Nikita'', a 19 ..., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
