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Daphnis Hypothous
''Daphnis hypothous'', the jade hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae described by Pieter Cramer in 1780. It is known from Sri Lanka, southern and northern India, Nepal, Myanmar, southern China, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It is a rare vagrant to the Western Palaearctic realm. During the last hundred years a number have been discovered within the Middle East and one was even found in Scotland late in the 20th century but this was probably imported as a pupa with cargo. Description The wingspan is 86–120 mm. It is a very fast flyer and is attracted to both sweet-smelling flowers and light. It differs from ''Daphnis nerii'' in having the head and collar uniformly dark purplish brown. Thorax and first two abdominal segments are dark green with a white fringe to the first segment. Other abdominal segments are dark olive green with the streaks and spots as in ''D. nerii''. Wings are similar to ''D. nerii'' but very much darker on both dorsal and ventral s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pieter Cramer
Pieter Cramer (21 May 1721 (baptized) – 28 September 1776), was a wealthy Dutch merchant in linen and Spanish wool, remembered as an entomologist. Cramer was the director of the Zealand Society, a scientific society located in Flushing, and a member of ''Concordia et Libertate'', based in Amsterdam. This literary and patriotic society, where Cramer gave lectures on minerals, commissioned and/or financed the publishing of his book ''De uitlandsche Kapellen'', on foreign (exotic) butterflies, occurring in three parts of the world Asia, Africa and America. Cramer assembled an extensive natural history collection that included seashells, petrifications, fossils and insects of all orders. Many were colourful butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), collected in countries where the Dutch had colonial or trading links, such as Surinam, Ceylon, Sierra Leone and the Dutch East Indies. Cramer decided to get a permanent record of his collection and so engaged the painter Gerrit Wartenaar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of , the official record for a living bird. The term wingspan, more technically extent, is also used for other winged animals such as pterosaurs, bats, insects, etc., and other aircraft such as ornithopters. In humans, the term wingspan also refers to the arm span, which is distance between the length from one end of an individual's arms (measured at the fingertips) to the other when raised parallel to the ground at shoulder height at a 90º angle. Former professional basketball player Manute Bol stood at and owned one of the largest wingspans at . Wingspan of aircraft The wingspan of an aircraft is always measured in a straight line, from wingtip to wingtip, independently of wing shape or sweep. Implications for aircraft design and anima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daphnis (moth)
''Daphnis'' is a genus of moths in the family Sphingidae Species description, first described by Jacob Hübner in 1819. Distribution Primarily Indo-Australian origin, the species are widely distributed throughout India, Africa, Europe, Borneo, Java, Sri Lanka and Mauritius. Adults are often found in Europe as immigrant individuals, that can be observed in dispersed localities. Description Wings are generally dark green to greenish brown in color. There is a characteristic wing pattern of paler fasciae. Adult with large labial palpus which are upturned, and more rounded at apex. Female has slightly clubbed antenna with a long thin terminal segment. Forewing with pointed apex. Tibial spurs of legs are longer where one pair of tibial spurs found in the mid tibia. Hind tibia has two tibial spur pairs. These tibiae lack spines. There are elongated and weak spines in several abdominal rows. In male genitalia, both uncus and gnathos are strong, and not divided. Species *''Daphnis doher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alstonia
''Alstonia'' is a widespread genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, of the family Apocynaceae. It was named by Robert Brown in 1811, after Charles Alston (1685–1760), professor of botany at Edinburgh from 1716 to 1760. The type species ''Alstonia scholaris'' (L.) R.Br. was originally named ''Echites scholaris'' by Linnaeus in 1767. Description ''Alstonia'' consists of about 40–60 species (according to different authors) native to tropical and subtropical Africa, Central America, Southeast Asia, Polynesia and Australia, with most species in the Malesian region. These trees can grow very large, such as ''Alstonia pneumatophora'', recorded with a height of 60 m and a diameter of more than 2 m. ''Alstonia longifolia'' is the only species growing in Central America (mainly shrubs, but also trees 20 m high). The leathery, sessile, simple leaves are elliptical, ovate, linear or lanceolate and wedge-shaped at the base. The leaf blade is dorsiventral, medium-sized to large and di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavetta
''Pavetta'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises about 360 species of trees, evergreen shrubs and sub-shrubs. It is found in woodlands, grasslands and thickets in sub-tropical and tropical Africa and Asia. The plants are cultivated for their simple but variable leaves, usually opposite but also occur in triple whorls. The leaves are often membranous with dark bacterial nodules. ''Pavetta'' has small, white, tubular flowers, sometimes salviform or funnel-shaped with 4 spreading petal lobes. The flowers are carried on terminal corymbs or cymes.Encyclopaedia of Garden Plants, C. Brickell, 1996, London, Royal Horticultural Society, . Gousiekte Two ''Pavetta'' species, ''Pavetta harborii'' and ''Pavetta schummaniana'', harbor endophytic ''Burkholderia'' bacteria in visible leaf nodules and are known to cause gousiekte, a cardiotoxicosis of ruminants characterised by heart failure four to eight weeks after ingestion of certain rubiaceous plants. Specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ixora
''Ixora'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Ixoreae. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 544 species. Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, its centre of diversity is in Tropical Asia. ''Ixora'' also grows commonly in subtropical climates in the United States, such as Florida where it is commonly known as West Indian jasmine. Other common names include viruchi, kiskaara, kepale, rangan, kheme, ponna, chann tanea, techi, pan, siantan, jarum-jarum/jejarum, jungle flame, jungle geranium, and cruz de Malta, among others. The plants possess leathery leaves, ranging from 3 to 6 inches in length, and produce large clusters of tiny flowers in the summer. Members of Ixora prefer acidic soil, and are suitable choices for bonsai. It is also a popular choice for hedges in parts of South East Asia. In tropical climates they flower year round and are commonly used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breonia
''Breonia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Most species are trees, rarely shrubs. Species *''Breonia boivinii''(Wikispecies) Havil. *''Breonia capuronii''(Wikispecies) Razafim. *''Breonia chinensis''(Wikispecies) ( Lam.) Capuron – Bur-flower tree *''Breonia cuspidata''(Wikispecies) (Baker) Havil. *''Breonia decaryana''(Wikispecies) Homolle *''Breonia fragifera''(Wikispecies) Capuron ex Razafim. *''Breonia havilandiana''(Wikispecies) Homolle *''Breonia louvelii''(Wikispecies) Homolle *''Breonia lowryi''(Wikispecies) Razafim. *''Breonia macrocarpa''(Wikispecies) Homolle *''Breonia madagascariensis'' A.Rich. ex DC. *'' Breonia membranacea''(Wikispecies) Havil. *'' Breonia perrieri''(Wikispecies) Homolle *'' Breonia richardsonii''(Wikispecies) Razafim. *'' Breonia sambiranensis''(Wikispecies) Razafim. *'' Breonia sphaerantha''(Wikispecies) (Baill.) Homolle ex Ridsdale *'' Breonia stipulata''(Wikispecies) Havil. *'' Breonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Instar
An instar (, from the Latin '' īnstar'', "form", "likeness") is a developmental stage of arthropods, such as insects, between each moult (''ecdysis''), until sexual maturity is reached. Arthropods must shed the exoskeleton in order to grow or assume a new form. Differences between instars can often be seen in altered body proportions, colors, patterns, changes in the number of body segments or head width. After shedding their exoskeleton (moulting), the juvenile arthropods continue in their life cycle until they either pupate or moult again. The instar period of growth is fixed; however, in some insects, like the salvinia stem-borer moth, the number of instars depends on early larval nutrition. Some arthropods can continue to moult after sexual maturity, but the stages between these subsequent moults are generally not called instars. For most insect species, an ''instar'' is the developmental stage of the larval forms of holometabolous (complete metamorphism) or nymphal forms o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uncaria
''Uncaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species.''Uncaria'' At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (see ''External links'' below). Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics.David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. They are known colloquially as gambier, cat's claw or uña de gato. The latter two names are shared with several other plants. The type species for the genus is ''Uncaria guianensis''.''Uncaria'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is an organization established to promote an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitate international communication of research between botanists, and oversee matters of uniformity and ... (see ''External links'' below). Indonesian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wendlandia
''Wendlandia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in northeastern tropical Africa, and from tropical and subtropical Asia to Queensland. Species * '' Wendlandia aberrans'' F.C.How * '' Wendlandia acuminata'' Cowan * '' Wendlandia amocana'' Cowan * '' Wendlandia andamanica'' Cowan * '' Wendlandia angustifolia'' Wight ex Hook.f. * '' Wendlandia appendiculata'' Wall. ex Hook.f. * '' Wendlandia arabica'' Deflers * '' Wendlandia arborescens'' Cowan * '' Wendlandia augustini'' Cowan * '' Wendlandia basistaminea'' F.Muell. * '' Wendlandia bicuspidata'' Wight & Arn. * '' Wendlandia bouvardioides'' Hutch. * '' Wendlandia brachyantha'' Merr. * '' Wendlandia brevipaniculata'' W.C.Chen * '' Wendlandia brevituba'' Chun & F.C.How ex W.C.Chen * '' Wendlandia buddleacea'' F.Muell. * '' Wendlandia budleioides'' Wall. ex Wight & Arn. * '' Wendlandia burkillii'' Cowan * '' Wendlandia cambodiana'' Pit. * '' Wendlandia cavaleriei'' H.Lév. * '' Wendlandia connata'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinchona
''Cinchona'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the Tropical Andes, tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are reportedly naturalization (biology), naturalized in Central America, Jamaica, French Polynesia, Sulawesi, Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, and São Tomé and Príncipe off the coast of tropical Africa, and others have been cultivated in India and Java, where they have formed hybrids. ''Cinchona'' has been historically sought after for its medicinal value, as the bark of several species yields quinine and other alkaloids. These were the only effective treatments against malaria during the height of European colonialism, which made them of great economic and political importance. Trees in the genus are also known as fever trees because of their anti-malarial properties. The artificial Quinine total synthesis, synthesis of quinine in 1944 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 13,500 species in about 620 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include ''Coffea'', the source of coffee, '' Cinchona'', the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine, ornamental cultivars (''e.g.'', '' Gardenia'', ''Ixora'', ''Pentas''), and historically some dye plants (''e.g.'', ''Rubia''). Description The Rubiaceae are morphologically easily recognizable as a coherent group by a combination of characters: opposite or whorled leaves that are simple and entire, interpetiolar stipules, tubu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
