|
Daniel (rocket)
Daniel (OPD-220-ADX) is the designation for a French experimental rocket A rocket (from , and so named for its shape) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using any surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely ..., a precursor to the Israeli Jericho ballistic missile. Description It consisted of 3 stages: a SPRAN-50 first stage, a Jericho second stage and a Mélanie third stage. Daniel was capable of reaching a maximum altitude of 130 km and had a takeoff weight of 1000 kg, a diameter of 0.40 m and a length of 8.40 m Launches Daniel was launched three times between 1959 and 1961 by ONERA from Centre d'Essais et de Recherches d'Engins Speciaux - Ile de Levant. See also * ONERA * Bérénice References Rockets and missiles Onera sounding rockets {{rocket-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ONERA
The Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales ( English: National office for aerospace studies and research) or ONERA, dubbed ''The French Aerospace Lab'' in English, is the French national aerospace research center. Originally founded as the ''Office National d’Études et de Recherches Aéronautiques'' (National Office for Aeronautical Studies and Research) in 1946, it was relabeled in 1963. It is France's leading research center in aerospace and defense. It covers all disciplines and technologies in the field. Numerous high-profile French and European aerospace programs have passed through the ONERA since its creation including the Ariane family of launch vehicles, the Concorde supersonic airliner, the Dassault Mirage family of fighter aircraft and the Rafale, the Dassault Falcon family of business jets, Aérospatiale and later Airbus projects, missiles, engines, radars and many more. Under the supervision of the Ministry of the Armed Forces, it is a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jericho (missile)
Jericho () is a general designation given to a loosely-related family of deployed ballistic missiles developed by Israel since the 1960s. The name is taken from the first development contract for the Jericho I signed between Israel and Dassault Aviation, Dassault in 1963, with the codename as a reference to the Bible, Biblical city of Jericho. As with some other Israeli high tech weapons systems, exact details are classified, though there are observed test data, public statements by government officials, and details in open literature especially about the Shavit 2, Shavit satellite launch vehicle. The later Jericho family development is related to the Shavit and Shavit II space launch vehicles believed to be derivatives of the Jericho II IRBM and that preceded the development of the Jericho III ICBM. The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the US concluded that the Shavit could be adapted as an ICBM carrying a 500 kg warhead over 7,500 km. Additional insight into t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rocket
A rocket (from , and so named for its shape) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using any surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely from propellant carried within the vehicle; therefore a rocket can fly in the vacuum of space. Rockets work more efficiently in a vacuum and incur a loss of thrust due to the opposing pressure of the atmosphere. Multistage rockets are capable of attaining escape velocity from Earth and therefore can achieve unlimited maximum altitude. Compared with airbreathing engines, rockets are lightweight and powerful and capable of generating large accelerations. To control their flight, rockets rely on momentum, airfoils, auxiliary reaction engines, gimballed thrust, momentum wheels, deflection of the exhaust stream, propellant flow, spin, or gravity. Rockets for military and recreational uses date back to at least 13th-century China. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mélanie (rocket)
Mélanie is a French solid rocket motor, 16 cm in diameter, initially used as first stage of the Monica rocket. There are two versions, Mélanie and ''"2Mélanie"'' (exact name unknown) : The first version was used on Monica I, II and IVA; while the improved ''"2Melanie"'', with twice the propellant, was used on Monica III, IVB and V. Melanie was later used in several ATEF and ONERA rockets. In the ONERA rockets, such as Daniel, Antarès and Berenice, Melanie was placed inside a 22 cm diameter cylindrical housing. This version delivered a total impulse of 48 kN.s with about 22 kilograms of propellant. See also * Bèrènice * Antarès (OPd-56-39-22D) * Veronique (rocket) * French space program The French space program includes both commercial spaceflight, civil and military spaceflight activities. It is the third oldest national space program in the world, after the Soviet space program, Soviet (now Roscosmos, Russian) and Space policy ... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CERES Ile Du Levant
CERES ("Centre d'Essais et de Recherches d'Engins Spéciaux" for "''Special Weapons Research and Tests Center"'') Ile du Levant was a French suborbital rocket launch site, located at Levant Island, Ile du Levant, and active between 1956 and 1968. CERES played a pivotal role in testing a wide array of tactical missiles used in France, as well as conducting tests for sounding rockets on behalf of CNES and European Space Research Organisation, ESRO. Additionally, the center was involved in experiments with ONERA and Société d'étude et de réalisation d'engins balistiques, SEREB experimental vehicles, solidifying its significance in the realm of missile research and testing. History In the early 1950s, a military missile test site was established at the French naval base on the Ile du Levant, an offshore island in the Mediterranean near Toulon. Known as CERES, it replaced a beach site at Pampelonne used for launches since 1948. This facility served as a Naval Air Force base thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bérénice (rocket)
Bérénice was the designation of a four-stage French atmospheric reentry test rocket, developed by O.N.E.R.A. (''Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales''). Description Bérénice was long, possessed a diameter of and weighed at launch. The takeoff thrust of Bérénice, which could carry a payload of to a height of , amounted to . The first stage, a SEPR-739 ''Stromboli'', was stabilised by four SEPR-P167 rockets developing . The second stage consisted of a SEPR-740 ''Stromboli'', almost identical to the first stage. The third stage was a SEPR-P200 ''Tramontane'' and the fourth stage comprised a '' Mélanie'' rocket and payload. Launches The twelve production rockets, Bérénice 001 to Bérénice 012, were launched by ONERA from Ile du Levant from 1962 to 1966. See also * Tibère (rocket) * Antarès (OPd-56-39-22D) * Mélanie (rocket) * Veronique (rocket) * French space program The French space program includes both commercial spaceflight, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rockets And Missiles
A rocket (from , and so named for its shape) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using any surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely from propellant carried within the vehicle; therefore a rocket can fly in the vacuum of space. Rockets work more efficiently in a vacuum and incur a loss of thrust due to the opposing pressure of the atmosphere. Multistage rockets are capable of attaining escape velocity from Earth and therefore can achieve unlimited maximum altitude. Compared with airbreathing engines, rockets are lightweight and powerful and capable of generating large accelerations. To control their flight, rockets rely on momentum, airfoils, auxiliary reaction engines, gimballed thrust, momentum wheels, deflection of the exhaust stream, propellant flow, spin, or gravity. Rockets for military and recreational uses date back to at least 13th-century China. Significa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
