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Columbia 350
__NOTOC__ Year 350 ( CCCL) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sergius and Nigrinianus (or, less frequently, year 1103 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 350 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * January 18 – Western Roman Emperor Constans I makes himself extremely unpopular; one of his generals, Magnentius, is proclaimed emperor at Augustodunum in the Diocese of Galliae, with the support of the army on the Rhine frontier. * January – Constans I flees towards Spain, where he is subsequently assassinated at '' Castrum Helenae''. Magnentius rules the Western Roman Empire and is far more tolerant towards Christians and Paganism, Pagans alike. * March 1 – Vetranio is asked by Constantina, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Centenionalis Magnentius-XR-s4017
A double is a look-alike or doppelgänger; one person or being that resembles another. Double, The Double or Dubble may also refer to: Film and television * Double (filmmaking), someone who substitutes for the credited actor of a character * The Double (1934 film), ''The Double'' (1934 film), a German crime comedy film * The Double (1971 film), ''The Double'' (1971 film), an Italian film * The Double (2011 film), ''The Double'' (2011 film), a spy thriller film * The Double (2013 film), ''The Double'' (2013 film), a film based on the Dostoevsky novella * ''Kamen Rider W, Kamen Rider Double'', a 2009–10 Japanese television series ** List of Kamen Rider W characters#Kamen Rider W, Kamen Rider Double (character), the protagonist in a Japanese television series of the same name Food and drink * Doppio, a double shot of espresso * Dubbel, a strong Belgian Trappist beer or, more generally, a strong brown ale * A drink order of two shots of distilled beverage, hard liquor in one glass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 1
Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesar (title), Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the ''Quattuor Principes Mundi'' ("Four Rulers of the World"). * 350 – Vetranio proclaims himself Caesar after being encouraged to do so by Constantina, sister of Constantius II. * 834 – Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Francia, Frankish Empire. *1476 – Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V of Portugal, Afonso V and John II of Portugal, Prince John at the Battle of Toro. *1562 – Sixty-three Huguenots are Massacre of Wassy, massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
December 25
Events Pre-1600 * 36 – Forces of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han, under the command of Wu Han, conquer the separatist Chengjia empire, reuniting China. * 274 – A temple to Sol Invictus is dedicated in Rome by Emperor Aurelian. * 333 – Roman Emperor Constantine the Great elevates his youngest son Constans to the rank of ''Caesar''. * 336 – First documentary sign of Christmas celebration in Rome. * 350 – Vetranio meets Constantius II at Naissus (Serbia) and is forced to abdicate his imperial title. Constantius allows him to live as a private citizen on a state pension. * 508 – Clovis I, king of the Franks, is baptized into the Catholic faith at Reims, by Saint Remigius. * 597 – Augustine of Canterbury and his fellow-labourers baptise in Kent more than 10,000 Anglo-Saxons. * 800 – The coronation of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor, in Rome. * 820 – Eastern Emperor Leo V is murdered in a church of the Great Palace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magister Officiorum
The ''magister officiorum'' (Latin literally for "Master of Offices", in gr, μάγιστρος τῶν ὀφφικίων, magistros tōn offikiōn) was one of the most senior administrative officials in the Later Roman Empire and the early centuries of the Byzantine Empire. In Byzantium, the office was eventually transformed into a senior honorary rank, simply called ''magistros'' (μάγιστρος), until it disappeared in the 12th century. History and functions Late Roman Empire Although some scholars have supported its creation under Emperor Diocletian (), the office can first be definitely traced to the year 320, during the reign of Roman emperor Constantine the Great (), but was probably created sometime soon after 312–13, probably as part of an effort to limit the power of the praetorian prefect (''praefectus praetorio'') the Roman emperor's chief administrative official. The ''magister'' was first given command of the palace guard, the ''Scholae Palatinae''. He was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcellinus (magister Officiorum)
__NOTOC__ Marcellinus (died 31 September 351) was a Roman Empire officer under Roman Emperor Constans and usurper Magnentius. Marcellinus was ''comes rerum privatarum'' of Emperor Constans. He played a major role in the election of Magnentius to the rank of ''Augustus'' at Augustodunum, on January 18, 350. Marcellinus organized a party for the birthday of his sons, and invited many of the superior officers: Magnentius, acting like interpreting a drama, vested the imperial robes, and was hailed ''Augustus'' by the officers; when the troops heard the cries, they supported Magnentius' election. Magnentius raised Marcellinus to the rank of ''magister officiorum''; after the usurpation of Nepotianus (3 June 350), Marcellinus was sent to Rome to deal with the matter, and he succeeded in suppressing the revolt (30 June), killing Nepotianus and his mother Eutropia, half-sister of Emperor Constantine I. Marcellinus also met Emperor Constantius II's messenger, Flavius Philippus, and es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
June 30
Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anchialus. *1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Switzerland, Swiss Cantons of Switzerland, cantons. *1521 – Spanish forces defeat a combined Kingdom of France, French and Kingdom of Navarre, Navarrese army at the Battle of Noáin during the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre. *1559 – King Henry II of France is mortally wounded in a jousting match against Gabriel, comte de Montgomery. *1598 – The Spanish held Castillo San Felipe del Morro in San Juan, Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico having Battle of San Juan (1598), been besieged for fifteen days, surrenders to an English force under George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, Sir George Clifford, Earl of Cumberland. 1601–1900 *1632 – The U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gladiator
A gladiator ( la, gladiator, "swordsman", from , "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their lives and their legal and social standing by appearing in the arena. Most were despised as slaves, schooled under harsh conditions, socially marginalized, and segregated even in death. Irrespective of their origin, gladiators offered spectators an example of Rome's martial ethics and, in fighting or dying well, they could inspire admiration and popular acclaim. They were celebrated in high and low art, and their value as entertainers was commemorated in precious and commonplace objects throughout the Roman world. The origin of gladiatorial combat is open to debate. There is evidence of it in funeral rites during the Punic Wars of the 3rd century BC, and thereafter it rapidly became an essential fea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rome
, established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption = The territory of the ''comune'' (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow). The white spot in the centre is Vatican City. , pushpin_map = Italy#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Italy##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Italy , subdivision_type2 = Region , subdivision_name2 = Lazio , subdivision_type3 = Metropolitan city , subdivision_name3 = Rome Capital , government_footnotes= , government_type = Strong Mayor–Council , leader_title2 = Legislature , leader_name2 = Capitoline Assemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Usurper
A usurper is an illegitimate or controversial claimant to power, often but not always in a monarchy. In other words, one who takes the power of a country, city, or established region for oneself, without any formal or legal right to claim it as one's own. Usurpers can rise to power in a region by often unexpected physical force, as well as through political influence and deceit. Etymology The word originally came from the Latin word ''usurpare'' (“to seize", "to take forcefully" or "to use”). Politics The Greeks had their own conception of what usurpers were, calling them tyrants. In the ancient Greek usage, a tyrant (''tyrannos''/''τύραννος'' in Greek) was an individual who rose to power via unconstitutional or illegitimate means, usually not being an heir to an existing throne. Such individuals were perceived negatively by political philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Usurpers often try to legitimize their position by claiming to be a descendant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepotianus
Flavius Julius Nepotianus (died 30 June 350), sometimes known in English as Nepotian, was a member of the Constantinian dynasty who reigned as a short-lived usurper of the Roman Empire. He ruled the city of Rome for twenty-eight days, before being killed by his rival usurper Magnentius' general Marcellinus. Background Nepotianus was the son of Eutropia, half-sister of Emperor Constantine I, Eutropiusbr>x.11/ref> and of Virius Nepotianus. On his mother's side, he was the grandson of Emperor Constantius Chlorus and Flavia Maximiana Theodora. Events After the revolt of Magnentius, Nepotianus proclaimed himself emperor and entered Rome with a band of gladiators on 3 June 350. After attempting to resist Nepotianus with an undisciplined force of Roman citizens, the defeated ''praefectus urbi'' Titianus (or Anicius, or Anicetus), a supporter of Magnentius, fled the city. Magnentius quickly dealt with this revolt by sending his trusted ''magister officiorum'' Marcellinus to Rome. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
June 3
Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Philippikos Bardanes, Philippicus is Political mutilation in Byzantine culture, blinded, deposed and sent into exile by conspirators of the Opsikion army in Thrace. He is succeeded by Anastasios II, who begins the reorganization of the Byzantine army. *1098 – After a five-month siege during the First Crusade, the Crusaders seize Antioch (today's Turkey). *1140 – The French scholar Peter Abelard is found guilty of Heresy in Christianity, heresy. *1326 – The Treaty of Novgorod (1326), Treaty of Novgorod delineates borders between Russia and Norway in Finnmark. *1539 – Hernando de Soto claims Florida for Spain. 1601–1900 *1602 – An English naval force defeats a fleet of Spanish galleys, and captures a large Portuguese carrac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caesar (title)
Caesar ( English Caesars; Latin ''Caesares''; in Greek: ''Kaîsar'') is a title of imperial character. It derives from the ''cognomen'' of Julius Caesar, a Roman dictator. The change from being a familial name to a title adopted by the Roman emperors can be traced to AD 68, following the fall of the Julio–Claudian dynasty. Origins The first known individual to bear the ''cognomen'' of "Caesar" was Sextus Julius Caesar, who is likewise believed to be the common ancestor of all subsequent Julii Caesares. Sextus' great-grandson was the dictator Gaius Julius Caesar. After he seized control of the Roman Republic following his war against the Senate, he adopted the title of ''dictator perpetuo'' ("dictator in perpetuity"), a title he only held for about a month before he was assassinated in 44 BC. Julius Caesar's death did not lead to the restoration of the Republic, and instead led to the rise of the Second Triumvirate, composed by three dictators including Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
