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Coccodontidae
Coccodontidae is a family of extinct pycnodontid fish that lived during the lower Cenomanian. The various genera had massive, curved spines. The family is composed of five genera, the type genus, ''Coccodus'', '' Paracoccodus'' which was split off from ''Coccodus'', the newly described ''Corusichthys'', the sexually dimorphic ''Hensodon'', and ''Trewavasia''. ''Ichthyoceros'' was, at one time, placed in Coccodontidae, but then was moved with ''Trewavasia'' in "Trewavasiidae,"Nursall, Ralph Mesozoic Fishes – Systematics and Paleoecology, G. Arratia & G. Viohl (eds.), Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany, 1996 – "The phylogeny of pycnodont fishes" and then, in 2014, was placed in the related pycnodontid family Gladiopycnodontidae, while ''Trewavasia'' was returned to Coccodontidae. Coccodontidae, together with Gladiopycnodontidae and the superficially shrimpfish-like Gebrayelichthyidae, make up the pycnodontid superfamily Coccodontoidea. See also * Prehistoric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gebrayelichthyidae
Gebrayelichthyidae is a family of extinct pycnodontid fish, with a superficially shrimpfish-like appearance that lived during the lower Cenomanian. The family is composed of two genera, the type genus, '' Gebrayelichthys'', and the monotypic '' Maraldichthys''. The Gebrayelichthyids are highly modified in appearance, having their bodies compressed and vertebrae elongated. Gebrayelichthyidae, together with Gladiopycnodontidae and Coccodontidae, make up the pycnodontid superfamily Coccodontoidea. Description ''Gebrayelichthys'' was strongly flattened on the sides. The body height was 1.8 to 2 times the body length. The head and torso each made up half of the total length. The skull was similar to that of other Pycnodontiformes. The orbit was high up under the curved head profile, the muzzle was long and directed downwards. There were a few pointed teeth on the ploughshare. The anatomy of the lower jaw is unknown due to the lack of evidence. Behind the skull was a tall bone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corusichthys
''Corusichthys megacephalus'' is an extinct pycnodontid that lived during the lower Cenomanian of what is now Lebanon. ''C. megacephalus'' is known from a 34 mm long fossil. It had plates arranged like a helmet around its head, and had a massive, triangular spine on its dorsal side. ''C. megacephalus'' is closely related the genera ''Trewavasia'' and ''Hensodon'', as well as ''Coccodus''. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the J ... References Cretaceous bony fish Pycnodontiformes genera Late Cretaceous fish of Asia {{Cretaceous-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pycnodontiformes
Pycnodontiformes is an extinct order of primarily marine bony fish. The group first appeared during the Late Triassic and disappeared during the Eocene. The group has been found in rock formations in Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America. They were small to middle-sized fish, generally with laterally-compressed deep bodies, some with almost circular outlines, adapted for manuverability in reef-like environments. The group was morphologically diverse containing forms such the very short but deep Gebrayelichthyidae and the horned ''Ichthyoceros,'' both from the early Late Cretaceous of Lebanon. Most, but not all members of the groups had jaws with round and flattened teeth, well adapted to crush food items (durophagy), such as echinoderms, crustaceans and molluscs. Some pyncodontiformes developed piranha like teeth used for eating flesh. Most species inhabited shallow marine reef environments, while a handful of species lived in freshwater or brackish conditions. While rare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trewavasia
''Trewavasia carinata'' is an extinct pycnodontid fish in the family Coccodontidae that lived during the lower Cenomanian of what is now Lebanon. It had a large, forward-pointing horn-like spine between its eyes, and a massive stump-like spine emanating from the back of its head. ''T. carinata'' is closely related the genera ''Corusichthys'' and ''Hensodon'', as well as ''Coccodus ''Coccodus'' is an extinct genus of extinct pycnodontid fish that lived during the lower Cenomanian. The various species had a pair of massive, curved spines emanating from the lower sides of the head, and one curved spine on the top of its hea ...''. References Cretaceous bony fish Pycnodontiformes genera Late Cretaceous fish of Asia {{Cretaceous-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichthyoceros
''Ichthyoceros spinosus'' is an extinct pycnodontid that lived during the lower Cenomanian of what is now Lebanon. ''I. spinosus'' had a triple, forward-pointing horn-like spine between its eyes, very similar to the single spine of ''Trewavasia'', and a massive, multipointed spine emanating from the back of its head. It was originally placed in the family Coccodontidae, but then was transferred to "Trewavasiidae" with ''Trewavasia''. Recently, it has been placed in Gladiopycnodontidae due to recent anatomical similarities with the various genera within that family, including '' Gladiopycnodus''. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish * ''Trewavasia ''Trewavasia carinata'' is an extinct pycnodontid fish in the family Coccodontidae that lived during the lower Cenomanian of what is now Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () o ...'', its close relative References Pycnodontiformes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coccodus
''Coccodus'' is an extinct genus of extinct pycnodontid fish that lived during the lower Cenomanian. The various species had a pair of massive, curved spines emanating from the lower sides of the head, and one curved spine on the top of its head. Unlike most pycnodontids (which tend to have short, marine butterflyfish-like bodies), ''Coccodus'' species had a comparatively long body, giving the living animals a superficial resemblance to a scaly chimaera. ''Coccodus'' is closely related to the similarly spined genera ''Trewavasia, Corusichthys, Paracoccodus'', and ''Hensodon'', which also lived during the Cenomanian of Lebanon. Formerly in ''Coccodus'' The species ''Coccodus lindstroemi'' was recently determined to be a species complex, and various specimens assigned to ''C. lindstroemi'' were redescribed as species of the gladiopycnodontid genus '' Joinivillichthys''Taverne, Louis, and Luigi Capasso. "On the “Coccodus” lindstroemi species complex (Pycnodontiformes, Gladi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cenomanian
The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in the stratigraphic column deposited during the corresponding age. Both age and stage bear the same name. As a unit of geologic time measure, the Cenomanian Age spans the time between 100.5 and 93.9 million years ago (Mya). In the geologic timescale, it is preceded by the Albian and is followed by the Turonian. The Upper Cenomanian starts around at 95 Mya. The Cenomanian is coeval with the Woodbinian of the regional timescale of the Gulf of Mexico and the early part of the Eaglefordian of the regional timescale of the East Coast of the United States. At the end of the Cenomanian, an anoxic event took place, called the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli event", that is associated with a minor extinction event for marine spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Ray-finned Fish Families
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cretaceous Bony Fish
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin ''creta'', "chalk", which is abundant in the latter half of the period. It is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation ''Kreide''. The Cretaceous was a period with a relatively warm climate, resulting in high eustatic sea levels that created numerous shallow inland seas. These oceans and seas were populated with now-extinct marine reptiles, ammonites, and rudists, while dinosaurs continued to dominate on land. The world was ice free, and forests extended to the poles. During this time, new groups of mammals and birds appeared. During the Early Cretaceous, flowering plants appeared and began to rapidly diversify, becoming the dominant group of plants across the Earth by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Cretaceous Fish
Late may refer to: * LATE, an acronym which could stand for: ** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia ** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law ** Local average treatment effect, a concept in econometrics Music * ''Late'' (album), a 2000 album by The 77s * Late!, a pseudonym used by Dave Grohl on his ''Pocketwatch'' album * Late (rapper), an underground rapper from Wolverhampton * "Late" (song), a song by Blue Angel * "Late", a song by Kanye West from ''Late Registration'' Other * Late (Tonga), an uninhabited volcanic island southwest of Vavau in the kingdom of Tonga * "Late" (''The Handmaid's Tale''), a television episode * LaTe, Oy Laivateollisuus Ab, a defunct shipbuilding company * Late may refer to a person who is Dead See also * * * ''Lates'', a genus of fish in the lates perch family * Later (other) * Tardiness * Tardiness (scheduling) In scheduling, tardiness is a measure of a delay in exe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prehistoric Bony Fish
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College Albert A. List College of Jewish Studies, known simply as List College, is the undergraduate school of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTS). It was founded by Solomon Schechter in 1909 as the Teachers Institute with the original goa ..., an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union club Other uses * Angle of list, the leaning to either port or starboard of a ship * List (information), an ordered collection of pieces of information ** List (abstract data type), a method to organize data in computer science * List on Sylt, previously called List, the northernmost village in Germany, on the island of Sylt * ''List'', an alternative term for ''roll'' in flight dynamics * To ''list'' a building, etc., in the UK it means to designate it a listed building that may not be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Fish
The evolution of fish began about 530 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion. It was during this time that the early chordates developed the skull and the vertebral column, leading to the first craniates and vertebrates. The first fish lineages belong to the Agnatha, or jawless fish. Early examples include ''Haikouichthys''. During the late Cambrian, eel-like jawless fish called the conodonts, and small mostly armoured fish known as ostracoderms, first appeared. Most jawless fish are now extinct; but the extant lampreys may approximate ancient pre-jawed fish. Lampreys belong to the Cyclostomata, which includes the extant hagfish, and this group may have split early on from other agnathans. The earliest Gnathostomata, jawed vertebrates probably developed during the late Ordovician period. They are first represented in the fossil record from the Silurian by two groups of fish: the armoured fish known as Placodermi, placoderms, which evolved from the ostracoderms; and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
