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Clive Gwinner
Clive Gwinner (1908–1998) was a Royal Navy officer who served during the Second World War. He was a successful Anti-Submarine Warfare commander, being credited with the destruction of seven U-boats during the Battle of the Atlantic. Early life Clive Gwinner was born 15 October 1908. In 1922, aged 14, he joined the Royal Navy as an officer cadet, and in 1926 was appointed to the cruiser HMS ''Frobisher'', with the rank of midshipman. In 1930 he was made Sub-Lieutenant, and 1931 Lieutenant. In the period before the Second World War Gwinner served in several postings including 2 years aboard the submarine ''L53''. War-time service At the outbreak of World War II in September 1939 Gwinner was commander of the minesweeper ''Alresford'' with rank of lieutenant commander: In February 1940 he was appointed commanding officer of the destroyer ''Duncan'', followed in July with a shore posting in Canada. In September 1940 Gwinner commissioned HMS ''Clare'' (a Town class destroyer) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Ensign Of The United Kingdom
The White Ensign, at one time called the St George's Ensign due to the simultaneous existence of a cross-less version of the flag, is an ensign worn on British Royal Navy ships and shore establishments. It consists of a red St George's Cross on a white field, identical to the flag of England except with the Union Flag in the upper canton. The White Ensign is also worn by yachts of members of the Royal Yacht Squadron and by ships of Trinity House escorting the reigning monarch. In addition to the United Kingdom, several other nations have variants of the White Ensign with their own national flags in the canton, with the St George's Cross sometimes being replaced by a naval badge omitting the cross altogether. Yachts of the Royal Irish Yacht Club wear a white ensign with an Irish tricolour in the first quadrant and defaced by the crowned harp from the Heraldic Badge of Ireland. The Flag of the British Antarctic Territory and the Commissioners' flag of the Northern Lighthouse Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Lulworth (Y60)
USCGC ''Chelan'' was a belonging to the United States Coast Guard launched on 19 May 1928 and commissioned on 5 September 1928 . After 13 years of service to the Coast Guard, she was transferred to the Royal Navy as part of the Lend-Lease Act, and named HMS ''Lulworth'' (Y60) . During the war ''Lulworth'' served in a convoy Escort Group for Western Approaches Command She returned to the U.S. Coast Guard after World War II. Construction and commissioning ''Chelan'' was laid down by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation at Quincy, Massachusetts, on 14 November 1927 and launched on 19 May 1928. She was commissioned into U.S. Coast Guard service as USCGC ''Chelan'' on 5 November 1928. Career U.S. Coast Guard - ''Chelan'' (pre-war) After commissioning, ''Chelan'' was homeported at Seattle, Washington, and assigned to the Bering Sea Patrol. After wintering at Seattle during 1928–1929, she departed for her first Bering Sea patrol on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Submarine U-91 (1941)
German submarine ''U-91'' was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II. She was laid down at the Flender Werke in Lübeck as yard number 295, launched on 30 November 1941 and commissioned on 28 January 1942 with ''Oberleutnant zur See'' Heinz Walkerling as commanding officer. Command was transferred to ''Oblt.z.S.'' Heinz Hungershausen on 20 April 1943. She was a fairly successful boat, sinking over 26,000 tons of Allied shipping in a career lasting just 14 months and six patrols. She was a member of fifteen wolfpacks. After training with the 5th U-boat Flotilla, ''U-91'' was assigned to the 9th flotilla on 1 September 1942 for operations. Design German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. ''U-91'' had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Affleck (K462)
HMS ''Affleck'' was a which served during World War II. The ship was named after Sir Edmund Affleck, commander of at the Moonlight Battle in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War. Originally destined for the US Navy as a turbo-electric (TE) type , HMS ''Affleck'' was provisionally given the name USS ''Oswald'' (later this name was reassigned to ). However, the delivery was diverted to the Royal Navy before the launch. Actions HMS ''Affleck'' served exclusively with the 1st Escort Group taking part in operations in the North Atlantic, off Normandy, and in the English Channel. On 19 February 1944, together with , HMS ''Affleck'' picked up 54 survivors from the Panamanian merchant ''Colin'' which had been torpedoed and sunk the previous day in the North Atlantic in position by the . On 26 February 1944 in the North Atlantic at position HMS ''Affleck'', together with and , sank by the use of depth charges and then by use of main guns. When the damaged U-boat surfac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Submarine U-226
German submarine ''U-226'' was a Type VIIC U-boat that served with the ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II. Laid down on 1 August 1941 as yard number 656 at F. Krupp Germaniawerft in Kiel, she was launched on 18 June 1942 and commissioned on 1 August under the command of ''Oberleutnant zur See'' Albrecht Gänge. She began her service career in training with the 5th U-boat Flotilla. She was transferred to the 6th flotilla on 1 January 1943. The boat was a member of eleven wolfpacks. She carried out three patrols and sank one ship. She was sunk by British warships on 6 November 1943. Design German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. ''U-226'' had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Submarine U-462
German submarine ''U-462'' was a Type XIV supply and replenishment U-boat ("''Milchkuh''") of Nazi Germany's ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II. Her keel was laid down on 2 January 1941, by Deutsche Werke in Kiel. She was launched on 29 November 1941 and commissioned on 5 March 1942 with ''Oberleutnant zur See'' Bruno Vowe in command. Vowe commanded the boat until she was lost. She served, first as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla while carrying out training, then as part of the 10th and 12th flotillas while taking part in operations. Design German Type XIV submarines were shortened versions of the Type IXDs they were based on.‘’U-462’’ had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft supercharged four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Siemens- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bay Of Biscay
The Bay of Biscay (), known in Spain as the Gulf of Biscay ( es, Golfo de Vizcaya, eu, Bizkaiko Golkoa), and in France and some border regions as the Gulf of Gascony (french: Golfe de Gascogne, oc, Golf de Gasconha, br, Pleg-mor Gwaskogn), is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea. It lies along the western coast of France from Point Penmarc'h to the Spanish border, and the northern coast of Spain west to Cape Ortegal. The south area of the Bay of Biscay that washes over the northern coast of Spain is known locally as the Cantabrian Sea. The average depth is and the greatest depth is . Name The Bay of Biscay is named (for English speakers) after Biscay on the northern Spanish coast, probably standing for the western Basque districts (''Biscay'' up to the early 19th century). Its name in other languages is: * ast, Mar Cantábricu * eu, Bizkaiko golkoa * br, pleg-mor Gwaskogn * french: golfe de Gascogne (named after Gascony, France) * gl, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Support Group
The 2nd Escort Group (2 EG) was a British anti-submarine formation of the Royal Navy which saw action during the Second World War, principally in the Battle of the Atlantic. 2 EG was formed in April 1943, one of five such support groups formed at the crisis point of the campaign. It was to act as reinforcement to convoys under attack, with the capacity to actively hunt and destroy U-boats, rather than be restricted to escort duties. Comprising six sloops of the ''Black Swan''-class, the group was led by Captain F.J. "Johnnie" Walker, Britain's most successful anti-submarine warfare commander, in . The combination of an active hunting group and a charismatic, determined and innovative anti-submarine specialist such as Walker proved to be a potent force; 2 SG was the most successful anti-submarine unit of the war, being credited with the destruction of 23 U-boats during two years of active service. Formation Officially called 2nd Escort Group, it was more commonly referred to as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederic John Walker
Captain Frederic John Walker, (3 June 1896 – 9 July 1944) (his first name is given as Frederick in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography and some London Gazette entries) was a Royal Navy officer noted for his exploits during the Second World War. Walker was the most successful anti-submarine warfare commander during the Battle of the Atlantic and was known more popularly as Johnnie Walker (for the Johnnie Walker brand of whisky). Early life and career Walker was born in Plymouth, the son of Frederic Murray and Lucy Selina (née Scriven) Walker. He joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in 1909 and was educated at the Royal Naval Colleges at Osborne and Dartmouth, where he excelled. First serving on the battleship as a midshipman, Walker as a sub-lieutenant went on to join the destroyers and in 1916 and 1917 respectively. Following the end of the First World War, Walker joined the battleship . He married Jessica Eileen Ryder Stobart, with whom he had three sons and a daug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Woodcock (U90)
HMS ''Woodcock'' was built by Fairfields at Govan; laid down on 21 October 1941, launched on 26 November 1942, and completed 29 May 1943. She was the fifth Royal Naval vessel to carry this name. Construction and career On completion, she joined the 2nd Support Group and operated in the Atlantic Ocean until May 1944, sinking the on 6 November 1943. She then moved to the English Channel in May 1944, intending to take part in the Normandy landings The Normandy landings were the landing operations and associated airborne operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. Codenamed Operation Neptune and often referred to as .... However, she collided with the destroyer on 27 May 1944, and repairs took until December 1944. The work included changes to fit her for service in the Pacific Ocean, and she joined the British Pacific Fleet at Manus 5 March 1945. She was present in Tokyo Bay on Victory over Japan Day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distinguished Service Order
The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, as well as formerly of other parts of the Commonwealth, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. Since 1993 it has been awarded specifically for 'highly successful command and leadership during active operations', with all ranks being eligible. History Instituted on 6 September 1886 by Queen Victoria in a royal warrant published in ''The London Gazette'' on 9 November, the first DSOs awarded were dated 25 November 1886. The order was established to reward individual instances of meritorious or distinguished service in war. It was a military order, until recently for officers only and typically awarded to officers ranked major (or equivalent) or higher, with awards to ranks below this usually for a high degree of gallantry, just short of deserving the Victoria Cross. Whilst normally given for service un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Submarine Pietro Calvi
''Pietro Calvi'' was the lead ship of its class of two submarines built for the (Royal Italian Navy) during the 1930s. Completed in 1936, she played a minor role in the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939 supporting the Spanish Nationalists. The submarine made multiple patrols in the Atlantic Ocean during the Second World War, sinking seven Allied ships. ''Pietro Calvi'' was rammed and sunk by a British convoy escort in July 1942. Design and description The ''Calvi'' class was an improved and enlarged version of the preceding submarine cruisers. They displaced surfaced and submerged. The submarines were long, had a beam of and a draft of . They had an operational diving depth of . Their crew numbered 77 officers and enlisted men.Chesneau, p. 305 For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the sur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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