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Citizenship Of The Mercosur
Citizenship of the Mercosur is granted to eligible citizens of the Southern Common Market member states. It was approved in 2010 through the Citizenship Statute and should be fully implemented by the member countries in 2021, when the program will be transformed in an international treaty incorporated into the national legal system of the countries, under the concept of "Mercosur Citizen". Mercosur citizens have the right to free movement, residence and employment throughout the bloc and in the five associated countries. Citizens still have free transport of goods, services and money, as well as equality of rights, harmonization of social security systems and labor laws. Benefits for citizens Travel Documents Nationals of Member States (Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Ekuatur Nunka''), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about west of the mainland. The country's capital and largest city is Quito. The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of Indigenous groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Nationality Law
Brazilian nationality law details the conditions by which a person is a national of Brazil. The primary law governing nationality requirements is the 1988 Constitution of Brazil, which came into force on 5 October 1988. Brazil is a member state of Mercosur and all Brazilian nationals are Mercosur citizens. They have facilitated access to residence rights in all Mercosur countries and associated states. With few exceptions, almost all individuals born in the country are automatically citizens at birth. Foreign nationals may naturalize after meeting a minimum residence period (usually four years), demonstrating proficiency in the Portuguese language, and fulfilling a good character requirement. Brazil was previously a colony and constituent kingdom of the Portuguese Empire and local residents were Portuguese subjects. Although Brazil gained independence in 1822 and Brazilian nationals no longer hold Portuguese nationality, they continue to have favoured status when living i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Migration
Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location (geographic region). The movement often occurs over long distances and from one country to another (external migration), but internal migration (within a single country) is also possible; indeed, this is the dominant form of human migration globally. Migration is often associated with better human capital at both individual and household level, and with better access to migration networks, facilitating a possible second move. It has a high potential to improve human development, and some studies confirm that migration is the most direct route out of poverty.Age is also important for both work and non-work migration. People may migrate as individuals, in family units or in large groups. There are four major forms of migration: invasion, conquest, colonization and emigration/immigration. Persons moving from their home due to forced displa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visa Requirements For Uruguayan Citizens
Visa requirements for Uruguayan citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Uruguay. As of 19 July 2022, Uruguayan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 153 countries and territories, ranking the Uruguayan passport 28th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. For traveling within South America (except the Guyanas), Uruguayans do not need to use a passport, as they may use their ID card. Naturalised Uruguayan citizens "legal citizens" are currently facing challenges when travelling internationally as their Uruguayan passport and ID card will show country of birth as "nationality" causing challenges when travelling. Visa requirements map Visa requirements Visa requirements for holders of normal passports traveling for tourist purposes: Uruguay is a full member of Mercosur. As such, its citizens enjoy unlimited access to any of the other full members (Argentina, Brazil and Parag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visa Requirements For Paraguayan Citizens
Visa requirements for Paraguayan citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed by the authorities of foreign states on citizens of Paraguay. Paraguayan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access (including eTAs) to 142 countries and territories, ranking the Paraguayan passport 37th in the world in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. In order to travel to another country, Paraguayan citizens require a passport, except for travel to full and associated member states of Mercosur (except for Guyana and Suriname) where a civil identity card (''Cédula de Identidad Civil'') suffices. Visa requirements map Visa requirements Visa requirements for holders of normal passports travelling for tourist purposes: Paraguay is a full member of Mercosur. As such, its citizens enjoy unlimited access to any of the other full members (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay) and the associated members of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru with the rig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visa Requirements For Brazilian Citizens
Visa requirements for Brazilian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Brazil. As of March 2023, Brazilian citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 170 countries and territories, ranking the Brazilian Passport 21st in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passport of San Marino), according to the Henley Passport Index. Visa requirements map Visa requirements The Mercosur member states of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, together with most other South American countries (as shown below) do not even require a Brazilian passport; a national or state-issued Brazilian identity card is enough for entry into all Mercosur member and associate states (with the exception of Guyana and Suriname). Nevertheless, the identity card must be in good condition, must not have expired, and the holder must be clearly recognizable in the photograph. Brazilians within Mercosur have unlimited access to any of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visa Requirements For Argentine Citizens
Visa requirements for Argentine citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Argentina. As of 11 January 2022, Argentine citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 170 countries and territories, ranking the Argentine passport 19th in terms of travel freedom. Argentine passport is the 2nd most powerful passport in Latin América after the Chilean passport and is the 4th most powerful passport in the Americas, according to the Henley Passport Index. For journeys within South America (except the Guyanas), Argentines do not need to use a passport, as they may use their National Identity Document (DNI). Visa requirements map Visa requirements Visa requirements for holders of normal passports not travelling as journalists: Argentina is a full member of Mercosur. As such, its citizens enjoy unlimited access to any of the other full members (Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay) and associated members (Bolivia, Chile, Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturalisation
Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the individual, or it may involve an application or a motion and approval by legal authorities. The rules of naturalization vary from country to country but typically include a promise to obey and uphold that country's laws and taking and subscribing to an oath of allegiance, and may specify other requirements such as a minimum legal residency and adequate knowledge of the national dominant language or culture. To counter multiple citizenship, some countries require that applicants for naturalization renounce any other citizenship that they currently hold, but whether this renunciation actually causes loss of original citizenship, as seen by the host country and by the original country, will depend on the laws of the countries involved. The mas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Asunción
The Treaty of Asunción was a treaty between the countries of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay signed on March 26, 1991. The objective of the treaty, signed in Asunción, was to establish a common market among the participating countries, popularly called Mercosur (Southern Common Market). Later, the Treaty of Ouro Preto was signed to supplement the first treaty, establishing that the Treaty of Asunción was to be a legally and internationally recognized organization. The treaty defined a program of gradual elimination of import/export fees that would reach a free commerce zone by the end of 1994. Even though the dates of the program were not followed and the free zone was not yet reached, the treaty established the basis for the ''"Mercado Común del Sur"'' (Mercosur). History Since the Spanish American wars of independence, there have been various types of organizations and treaties with the intention of social and economic integration of South America. The Economic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy for the Union" , national_anthem = "National Anthem of Peru" , march = "March of Flags" , image_map = PER orthographic.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Lima , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Peruvian Spanish, Spanish , languages_type = Co-official languages , languages = , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = 2017 , demonym = Peruvians, Peruvian , government_type = Unitary state, Unitary Semi-presidential system, semi-presidential republic , leader_title1 = President of Peru, President ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colombia
Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments and the Capital District of Bogotá, the country's largest city. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi), and has a population of 52 million. Colombia's cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a Spanish colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by enslaved Africans, as well as with those of the various Amerindian civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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