Cinnabar, Queensland
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Cinnabar, Queensland
Cinnabar is a rural locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , Cinnabar had a population of 72 people. Geography The Wide Bay Highway enters the location from the north-west ( Kilkivan) and exits to the south-west ( Kinbombi). The Breezer is a mountain in the south-west of the locality () which rises to above sea level. Cinnabar State Forest is a forest reserve in the north-west of the locality (). Apart from the state forest, the land use is predominantly grazing on native vegetation with some crop-growing around the creeks. History In 1872, the mineral cinnabar (a sulphide of mercury) was found on the sheep station of J.D. Mactaggart west of Kilkivan. The heavy dark-red stones found contained 24% mercury in addition to copper selenide. Mercury was extensively used in gold production in Australia at that time, but no significant quantities of mercury had been found in Australia and mercury had to be imported. A number of mining companies were e ...
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AEST
Australia uses three main time zones: Australian Western Standard Time (AWST; UTC+08:00), Australian Central Standard Time (ACST; UTC+09:30), and Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST; UTC+10:00). Time is regulated by the individual state governments, some of which observe daylight saving time (DST). Australia's external territories observe different time zones. Standard time was introduced in the 1890s when all of the Australian colonies adopted it. Before the switch to standard time zones, each local city or town was free to determine its local time, called local mean time. Now, Western Australia uses Western Standard Time; South Australia and the Northern Territory use Central Standard Time; while New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria (Australia), Victoria, Jervis Bay Territory, and the Australian Capital Territory use Eastern Standard Time. Daylight saving time (+1 hour) is used in jurisdictions in the south and south-east: South Australia, New South Wales, Vict ...
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Woman Feeding Sheep At Cinnabar, Circa 1925
A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female humans regardless of age. Typically, women inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and are capable of pregnancy and giving birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, SRY-gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. A fully developed woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. Women have significantly less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less muscular than men. Thro ...
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Kilkivan-to-Kingaroy Rail Trail
The Kilkivan to Kingaroy Rail Trail (KKRT, in part also known as the South Burnett Rail Trail or SBRT) is an recreation trail from Kilkivan to Kingaroy. The trail follows the old Kingaroy Branch railway and is open to walkers, cyclists and horse riders. Geography Kilkivan is situated on the Wide Bay Highway, north of the state capital, Brisbane and west of Gympie. Kingaroy is situated on the junction of the D'Aguilar and the Bunya Highways, north-west of Brisbane and south- west of Gympie. Geology The Trail crosses two belts of old rocks separated by the northern end of the Esk Basin. The Kilkivan Railway Station was built on a goldfield. Route The northern end of the trail is located in Kilkivan, north-west of Brisbane and directly west of Gympie. The Kilkivan to Murgon section of the trail passes through Goomeri and is located in the upper reaches of the Mary River valley and crosses through open farmland. The trail head at Kilkivan is located opposite the fo ...
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Queensland Family History Society
The Queensland Family History Society (QFHS) is an incorporated association formed in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. History The society was established in 1979 as a non-profit, non-sectarian, non-political organisation. They aim to promote the study of family history local history, genealogy, and heraldry, and encourage the collection and preservation of records relating to the history of Queensland families. At the end of 2022, the society relocated from 58 Bellevue Avenue, Gaythorne Gaythorne is a suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the , Gaythorne had a population of 3,023 people. Geography Gaythorne is located seven kilometres north-west of the Brisbane central business district. It is bounded to ... () to its new QFHS Family History Research Centre at 46 Delaware Street, Chermside (). References External links * Non-profit organisations based in Queensland Historical societies of Australia Libraries in Brisbane Family hist ...
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Goomeri
Goomeri ( ) is a rural town and locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , the locality of Goomeri had a population of 664 people. Geography The town is located on the intersection of the Burnett, Bunya and Wide Bay Highways, from the state capital, Brisbane. The main street is Moore Street; the Burnett Highway follows Moore Street through the town. Goomeri lies west of the Coast Range. History European settlement in the Goomeri area began in 1846 with the establishment of Booubyjan Homestead and Boonara Station. The Kilkivan to Goomeri section of the Nanango railway line opened in 1902, and the Goomeri to Wondai section opened on 14 September 1903. The line was officially closed in early 2010. Closer settlement took place in 1911 with the sale of rural allotments and town blocks.K ...
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Nanango Railway Line
The Nanango railway line was a narrow-gauge branch railway located in Queensland, Australia. On 31 October 1882, parliament approved the construction of a branch line from Theebine (then called Kilkivan Junction) west to Kilkivan after gold and copper were discovered in this region of Queensland, Australia. The section was opened in two stages – to Dickabram on 1 January 1886 after two crossings of the Mary River and to Kilkivan on 6 December 1886. Parliament approved an extension of the line south west to what became Kingaroy on 12 December 1900. The decision served to revitalise the previously unprofitable line, but such an indirect link with Brisbane faced stiff competition once roads were constructed direct from the area south east to the state's capital. Initially, as in many other places, railway construction forged the development of settlements along its path – in this instance Goomeri, Murgon, Wondai and Kingaroy townships were thus established. To Dickabra ...
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Copper Selenide
Copper selenide is an inorganic binary compound consisting of copper and selenium. Its formula is sometimes described as CuSe or Cu2Se. The crystalline structure and electronic behavior is determined by its elemental composition. Stoichiometric copper selenide is a zero bandgap material with metal-like behavior. Copper-deficient Cu2-xSe (non-stoichiometric) is an intrinsic p-type semiconductor with direct and indirect bandgap energies in the range of 2.1–2.3 eV and 1.2–1.4 eV, respectively. It is frequently grown as nanoparticles or other nanostructures. Uses Copper selenide is produced in-situ to form a protective black coating on iron or steel parts in some cold-bluing processes. Bluing solutions that operate in this manner will typically be labeled as containing selenous acid or selenium dioxide. It has also been investigated for use in the treatment of colon cancer. Natural occurrences Copper selenides are the most common selenium minerals. CuSe is known in minera ...
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Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is also known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum ( ) from the Greek words, ''hydor'' (water) and ''argyros'' (silver). A heavy, silvery d-block A block of the periodic table is a set of elements unified by the atomic orbitals their valence electrons or vacancies lie in. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-blo ... element, mercury is the only metallic element that is known to be liquid at standard temperature and pressure; the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is the halogen bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature. Mercury occurs in deposits throughout the world mostly as cinnabar (mercuric sulfide). The red pigment vermilion is obtained by Mill (grinding), grinding natural cinnabar or synthetic mercuric sulfide. Mercury is used in ...
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Sulfide
Sulfide (British English also sulphide) is an inorganic anion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2− or a compound containing one or more S2− ions. Solutions of sulfide salts are corrosive. ''Sulfide'' also refers to chemical compounds large families of inorganic and organic compounds, e.g. lead sulfide and dimethyl sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and bisulfide (SH−) are the conjugate acids of sulfide. Chemical properties The sulfide ion, S2−, does not exist in aqueous alkaline solutions of Na2S. Instead sulfide converts to hydrosulfide: :S2− + H2O → SH− + OH− Upon treatment with an acid, sulfide salts convert to hydrogen sulfide: :S2− + H+ → SH− :SH− + H+ → H2S Oxidation of sulfide is a complicated process. Depending on the conditions, the oxidation can produce elemental sulfur, polysulfides, polythionates, sulfite, or sulfate. Metal sulfides react with halogens, forming sulfur and metal salts. :8 MgS + 8 I2 → S8 + 8 M ...
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Cinnabar
Cinnabar (), or cinnabarite (), from the grc, κιννάβαρι (), is the bright scarlet to brick-red form of Mercury sulfide, mercury(II) sulfide (HgS). It is the most common source ore for refining mercury (element), elemental mercury and is the historic source for the brilliant red or scarlet pigment termed vermilion and associated red mercury pigments. Cinnabar generally occurs as a vein-filling mineral associated with recent volcanic activity and alkaline hot springs. The mineral resembles quartz in symmetry and in its exhibiting birefringence. Cinnabar has a mean refractive index near 3.2, a mohs scale of mineral hardness, hardness between 2.0 and 2.5, and a specific gravity of approximately 8.1. The color and properties derive from a structure that is a hexagonal crystalline bravais lattice, lattice belonging to the trigonal crystal system, crystals that sometimes exhibit Crystal twinning, twinning. Cinnabar has been used for its color since antiquity in the Near East ...
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Bullock Team At Cinnabar In The Kilkivan District, Circa 1900
Bullock may refer to: Animals * Bullock (in British English), a castrated male bovine animal of any age * Bullock (in North America), a young bull (an uncastrated male bovine animal) * Bullock (in Australia, India and New Zealand), an ox, an adult male bovine used for draught (usually but not always castrated) Places Canada * Bullock Channel, a water channel in British Columbia, Canada * Bullock Bluff, the northern point of Cortes Island, British Columbia, Canada * Mount Bullock, a mountain in British Columbia, Canada United States * Bullock County, Alabama ** Bullock Correctional Facility, a medium-security Alabama Department of Corrections prison * Bullock, a community in the township of Lanark Highlands, Ontario, Canada * Bullock, New Jersey, an unincorporated community * Bullock, South Dakota, a ghost town * Bullock Creek (South Carolina) Elsewhere * Bullock Harbour, near Dalkey, Ireland * Bullock Park, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland Other uses * Bu ...
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Pastoralism
Pastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals (known as "livestock") are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands (pastures) for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. The animal species involved include cattle, camels, goats, yaks, llamas, reindeer, horses and sheep. Pastoralism occurs in many variations throughout the world, generally where environmental characteristics such as aridity, poor soils, cold or hot temperatures, and lack of water make crop-growing difficult or impossible. Operating in more extreme environments with more marginal lands means that pastoral communities are very vulnerable to the effects of global warming. Pastoralism remains a way of life in many geographic areas, including Africa, the Tibetan plateau, the Eurasian steppes, the Andes, Patagonia, the Pampas, Australia and many other places. , between 200 million and 500 million people globally practised pastoralism, and 75% ...
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