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Chrozophora
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # '' Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Tinctoria
''Chrozophora tinctoria'' (commonly known as dyer's croton, giradol, turnsole or dyer's litmus plant) is a plant species native to the Mediterranean, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, and Central Asia. It is also present as a weed in North America and Australia. Description It is an annual, typically found in nutrient-poor ground. It develops a large taproot. The plant is erect and covered with wool-like hairs. The ash-green leaves are alternate. The tiny monecious flowers are grouped in a raceme. The lower, female flowers lack petals and the upper male flowers have five small yellow petals. Pollination is by ants. The fruits are conspicuous and consist of three dark green conjoined spheres. Their surface is decorated with white scales and warty structures. Each sphere contains three seeds, which are propelled away from the plant by the mechanical force of the mature fruit twisting as it opens. Use for dye ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Brocchiana
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # '' Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Sabulosa
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # ''Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Rottleri
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # ''Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Plicata
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # ''Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Oblongifolia
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # ''Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Mujunkumi
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # ''Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophora Gangetica
''Chrozophora'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It comprises monoecious herbs or undershrubs. The genus is widespread across Europe, Africa, and Asia. ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' produced the blue-purple colorant "turnsole" used in medieval illuminated manuscripts and as a food colorant ;Species # ''Chrozophora brocchiana'' - Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa; Cape Verde # '' Chrozophora gangetica'' - India # ''Chrozophora mujunkumi'' - Uzbekistan # ''Chrozophora oblongifolia'' - E Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan # ''Chrozophora plicata'' - Sub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar, Java # ''Chrozophora rottleri'' - Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indochina # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, Xinjiang # ''Chrozophora sabulosa'' - W Africa # ''Chrozophora tinctoria'' - Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Central Asia ;Formerly included moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turnsole
Turnsole or folium was a dyestuff prepared from the annual plant ''Chrozophora tinctoria''. History Turnsole became a mainstay of medieval Illuminated manuscript, manuscript illuminators starting with the development of the technique for extracting it in the thirteenth century, when it joined the vegetable-based woad and indigo in the illuminator's repertory. Its use was mostly as substitute of the more expensive Tyrian purple, the famous dye obtained from Murex molluscs. However, the queen of blue colorants was always the expensive lapis lazuli or its substitute azurite, ground to the finest powders. Turnsole was downgraded to a shading glaze and fell out of use in the illuminator's palette by the turn of the seventeenth century, with the easier availability of less fugitive mineral-derived blue pigments. According to its method of preparation, turnsole produced a range of translucent colors from blue, through purple to red, depending on its reaction to the acidity or alkalinity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrozophoreae
Chrozophoreae is a tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. Subtribes and genera The ''U.S. National Plant Germplasm System'' lists four subtribes:GRIN-global tribe Chrozophoreae *'' Chrozophora'' A. Juss. - type genus #'''' #'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as ''Euphorbia paralias'', are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as ''Hevea brasiliensis''. Some, such as ''Euphorbia canariensis'', are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics, however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica. Description The leaves are alternate, seldom opposite, with stipules. They are mainly simple, but where compound, are always palmate, never pinnate. Stipules may be reduced to hairs, glands, or spines, or in succulent species are sometimes absent. The plants can be monoecious or dioecious. The radially symmetrical flowers are unisexual, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Adanson
Michel Adanson (7 April 17273 August 1806) was an 18th-century French botanist and naturalist who traveled to Senegal to study flora and fauna. He proposed a "natural system" of taxonomy distinct from the binomial system forwarded by Linnaeus. Personal history Adanson was born at Aix-en-Provence. His family moved to Paris in 1730. After leaving the Collège Sainte-Barbe he was employed in the cabinets of R. A. F. Réaumur and Bernard de Jussieu, as well as in the Jardin des Plantes, Paris. He attended lectures at the Jardin du Roi and the Collège Royal in Paris from 1741 to 1746. At the end of 1748, funded by a director of the Compagnie des Indes, he left France on an exploring expedition to Senegal. He remained there for five years, collecting and describing numerous animals and plants. He also collected specimens of every object of commerce, delineated maps of the country, made systematic meteorological and astronomical observations, and prepared grammars and dictionari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
